Russia has now turned into a "criminal state", according to the man who was once its leading foreign investor¹.

俄罗斯曾经的主要投资者称，俄罗斯现在已经变成一个“犯罪国家”。

Sergei Magnitsky died in prison

Bill Browder of Hermitage Capital was reacting to the news that his lawyer had died in prison in Russia after being held for a year without charge.

He told the BBC that his lawyer, Sergei Magnitsky, had effectively been "held hostage and they killed their hostage."

Through Hermitage Capital Bill Browder campaigned against corruption⁴ at some of Russia's largest companies.

Russian officials say they are investigating Mr Magnitsky's death.

In 2005 Mr Browder was banned from Russia as a threat to national security, after allegations that his firms evaded⁵ tax（逃避税收）, but Mr Browder says his company was targeted by criminals trying to seize millions of pounds worth of his assets.

Mr Browder says he was punished for being a threat to corrupt³ politicians and bureaucrats⁶（官僚主义）.

Since then, a number of Mr Browder's associates in Russia - as well as lawyers acting² for his company - have been detained, beaten or robbed.

Before the accusations⁷（指责，谴责） of tax evasion⁸ were raised, for many years Mr Browder had been one of the most outspoken⁹ defenders¹⁰ of the Russian government and its then-president Vladimir Putin.

'False confession¹¹'

According to Mr Browder, Sergei Magnitsky developed stomach and pancreas（胰脏） problems in prison which were diagnosed by a prison physician. He claims Mr Magnitsky was then moved to a new prison and then deprived of medical treatment.

"They basically said to him if you sign the following false confessions¹²（假供） then we'll give you medical treatment - otherwise we wont," claims Mr Browder.

Mr Magnitsky apparently¹³ wrote numerous complaints to the court, prosecutors¹⁴ and the prison authorities requesting medical treatment. Mr Browder claims that Mr Magnistky's pleas were first ignored and then denied.

Mr Browder believes that Mr Magnitsky's death is a direct result of tax evasion allegations against him.

"They're trying to come up with any kind of charges they can against me and they were using him as their tool. He was their hostage and they killed their hostage by denying him medical attention, " he says.

Sergei Magnitsky was one of the lawyers hired by Mr Browder to investigate whether fraud had been committed against his firms.

Mr Browder claims that when the police raided（突然袭击，搜捕） his office they took away corporate¹⁵ documents which they then used to steal his companies.

"Sergei Magnitsky was one of the lawyers who discovered the whole crime, figured out who was responsible and then testified against the police officers and after he testified against the police officers the very same police officers had him arrested on spurious charges."

The circumstances surrounding Mr Magnitsky's death has caused Bill Browder to question his attitude to Russia under Putin.