Primary liver cancers 'soaring' 原发性肝癌发病率“猛升”
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2009-08-20 06:23 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

Cases of primary liver cancer, an often preventable disease, have trebled in the last 30 years, figures suggest.

数据显示,原发性肝癌--一种可以预防的疾病,患病人数在过去30年间翻了三倍。

While it is not uncommon1 for cancer to spread to the liver, Cancer Research UK statistics show incidents where it starts in the organ have risen sharply.

Cases of cancer overall have increased over recent decades as people live longer and detection methods improve.

But experts say hepatitis C(丙肝) infections, as well as alcohol and obesity2(肥胖,肥大), have helped fuel the spike3 in liver cases.

Primary tumours4 frequently develop as a result of cirrhosis(硬化), itself associated with these risk factors.

Hepatitis C is a virus spread by blood-to-blood contact. Prior to 1991, transfusions5(倾注,渗透,灌输) were the most common source of infection, but since screening was introduced the disease is most commonly spread among intravenous(静脉的,静脉注射的) drug users.

Matt Seymour, professor of gastronintestinal cancer at the University of Leeds, said: "We are seeing more patients with cirrhosis and, in turn, more patients with primary liver cancer.

"This is likely to continue. There is a long delay between exposure to the risk factors and the onset6(攻击,进攻) of cancer.

"It might take between 20 and 40 years for liver cancer to develop after infection with hepatitis C. So even if new cases of infection stopped, the number of cases would continue to rise for some years."

Screening call

Obesity is now thought to be one of the most common causes of liver disease, while cases of cirrhosis associated with excessive drinking are known to have soared in the UK in recent years.

Caught early enough, some of the damage caused by liver disease can be reversed(颠倒) and the risk of cancer developing reduced.

But many people with hepatitis C do not know they are carrying the virus: estimates suggest that while more than 250,000 people in the UK have been infected, eight out of 10 are unaware7.

The five-year survival rate for primary liver cancer is low, and Cancer Research UK says it is currently supporting a number of trials to improve the treatment of the condition.

Imogen Shillito, of the British Liver Trust, said: "We know liver cancer is caused by years of liver damage, often from infection with hepatitis B or C, or regular excessive drinking.

"But there are many interventions8 that can prevent liver cancer. In particular, if people at risk are screened for hepatitis B or C and are offered effective treatment before liver damage has set in, their risk of liver cancer drops dramatically.

"We want to see the NHS diagnosing and treating liver disease at an early stage to prevent liver cancer developing and save lives."



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 uncommon AlPwO     
adj.罕见的,非凡的,不平常的
参考例句:
  • Such attitudes were not at all uncommon thirty years ago.这些看法在30年前很常见。
  • Phil has uncommon intelligence.菲尔智力超群。
2 obesity Dv1ya     
n.肥胖,肥大
参考例句:
  • One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
  • Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。
3 spike lTNzO     
n.长钉,钉鞋;v.以大钉钉牢,使...失效
参考例句:
  • The spike pierced the receipts and held them in order.那个钉子穿过那些收据并使之按顺序排列。
  • They'll do anything to spike the guns of the opposition.他们会使出各种手段来挫败对手。
4 tumours 6654305f758b5b5576a74cb007e8d079     
肿瘤( tumour的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Blood vessels develop abnormally in cancer tumours. 在癌肿瘤中血管出现不正常。
  • This apparatus scans patients' brains for tumours. 这台仪器扫描检查病人的脑瘤。
5 transfusions 6bbc6e3b13bfaae7f9b1d36b8ce2c461     
n.输血( transfusion的名词复数 );输液;倾注;渗透
参考例句:
  • Still, transfusions have apparently never spread the disease, even among hemophiliacs. 还有,输血很明显从未传播过这种病,即使在血友病人之间也是如此。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 口蹄疫疯牛病
  • Blood transfusions are a special, limited example of tissue transplantation. 输血是一个特殊的、有限制的组织移植的例子。 来自辞典例句
6 onset bICxF     
n.进攻,袭击,开始,突然开始
参考例句:
  • The drug must be taken from the onset of the infection.这种药必须在感染的最初期就开始服用。
  • Our troops withstood the onset of the enemy.我们的部队抵挡住了敌人的进攻。
7 unaware Pl6w0     
a.不知道的,未意识到的
参考例句:
  • They were unaware that war was near. 他们不知道战争即将爆发。
  • I was unaware of the man's presence. 我没有察觉到那人在场。
8 interventions b4e9b73905db5b0213891229ce84fdd3     
n.介入,干涉,干预( intervention的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
  • The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网
TAG标签: cancer disease liver primary
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