Rotting teeth and gums. Diseased lungs. A sewn-up corpse¹ of a smoker². Cigarette smoke coming out of the tracheotomy hole in a man's neck.

腐烂的牙齿和牙龈，病变的肺，吸烟者被缝合上的尸体，从男人脖子上的气管套管洞中飘出的烟。

Cigarette packs in the US will have to carry these macabre³（可怕的） images in nine new warning labels that are part of a campaign by the Food and Drug Administration to use fear and disgust to discourage Americans from lighting⁴ up.

The labels, announced on Tuesday, represent the biggest change in cigarette packs in the US in 25 years.

At a time when the drop in the nation's smoking rate has come to a standstill, the government is hoping the in-your-face labels will go further than the current surgeon general warnings toward curbing⁵ tobacco use, which is responsible for about 443,000 deaths a year in the US.

"These labels are frank, honest and powerful depictions（描写，叙述） of the health risks of smoking," Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius said in a statement.

The FDA estimates the labels will cut the number of smokers⁶ by 213,000 in 2013, with smaller additional reductions through 2031.

Other countries such as Canada and Uruguay have used graphic⁷, even grisly（可怕的，厉害的） , warnings for years, and various studies suggest they spur people to quit. But exactly how effective they are is a matter of debate, since the warnings are usually accompanied by other government efforts to stamp out smoking.

"I think it's a great deterrent⁸ for kids," said Kristen Polland, 24, of Prattville, Ala. "If you start there, you have won half of the battle."

Rhonda Vanover, 43, of Cincinnati, on the other hand, said: "No one is going to stop me -- unless they make it illegal. Cigarettes get me through the day. They are part of my life."

The labels also include images of a smoker wearing an oxygen mask and a mother and baby with smoke swirling⁹（漩涡） nearby. Some images are not graphic at all; one shows a man wearing an "I Quit" T-shirt.

The warnings will take up the entire top half — both front and back — of a pack of cigarettes. They must also appear in advertisements and constitute 20 percent of each ad. Cigarette makers¹⁰ will have to run all nine labels on a rotating basis. They have until the fall of 2012 to comply.