Learning to play a musical instrument can change your brain, with a US review finding music training can lead to improved speech and foreign language skills.

美国一项研究发现，学习乐器能够使大脑发生变化，音乐训练能够提高演讲和外语水平。

A man plays the saxophone in New York's Central Park October 12, 2007.Learning to play a musical instrument can change your brain, with a US review finding music training can lead to improved speech and foreign language skills.

Although it has been suggested in the past that listening to Mozart or other classical music could make you smarter, there has been little evidence to show that music boosts brain power.

But a data-driven review by Northwestern University has pulled together research that links musical training to learning that spills over（溢出） into skills including language, speech, memory, attention and even vocal¹ emotion.

Researcher Nina Kraus said the data strongly suggested that the neural²（神经的） connections made during musical training also primed the brain for other aspects of human communication.

"The effect of music training suggests that, akin³ to（同类，近似） physical exercise and its impact on body fitness, music is a resource that tones the brain for auditory fitness and thus requires society to re-examine the role of music in shaping individual development," the researchers said in their study.

Kraus said learning musical sounds could enhance the brain's ability to adapt and change and also enable the nervous system to provide a scaffolding（脚手架） of patterns that are important to learning.

The study, published in Nature Reviews Neuroscience, looked at the explosion of research in recent years focused on the effects of music training on the nervous system which could have strong implications for education.

The study found that playing an instrument primes the brain to choose what is relevant in a complex process that may involve reading or remembering a score, timing⁴ issues and coordination⁵ with other musicians.

"A musician's brain selectively enhances information-bearing elements in sound," Kraus said in a statement. "In a beautiful interrelationship（相互关系） between sensory⁶ and cognitive⁷ processes, the nervous system makes associations between complex sounds and what they mean."

The study reviewed literature showing, for example, that musicians are more successful than non-musicians in learning to incorporate sound patterns for a new language into words.