Smokers¹ should be given anger management lessons to help them give up smoking, a study suggests.

一项调查建议，戒烟者应该接受如何控制愤怒的课程来帮助戒烟。

One in four people smoke in the UK

University of California tests on 20 people found nicotine²（尼古丁） helped calm aggression³, but it was more likely from people not wearing nicotine patches（片，碎片）.

Researchers hypothesised（假设） smokers were more likely to be people prone⁴ to（倾向与） anger and said tackling（扭住，抱住） this could be a vital part of smoking cessation（停止） services.

NHS stop smoking services said the research would be considered.

Researchers got the participants to play a computer game - once wearing a nicotine-replacement⁵ patch and once using a dummy⁶（虚拟，伪的） patch, the Behavioural and Brain Functions journal reported.

After each round, the players could give his or her opponent a burst of unpleasant noise at a duration and volume set by them.

The study found that when the participants were not wearing the nicotine patch they were more likely to react with aggression.

The researchers believe nicotine affects the part of the brain responsible for emotion.

They said the smokers who struggled to quit were more likely to be the ones who found it hard to remain calm, and ended up turning to a cigarette to soothe⁷（缓和，安慰） them.

One in four people currently smoke in the UK - a figure that has remained fairly constant in recent years after decades of falling rates.

Cravings（渴望，热望）

Lead researcher Jean Gehricke said: "Novel behavioural treatments like anger management training may aid smoking cessation efforts in anger-provoking situations that increase withdrawal⁸ and tobacco cravings."

NHS smoking cessation services use a combination of nicotine replacement therapies and counselling to help people give up, but not anger management sessions.

A spokesman for the Department of Health, which oversees⁹ NHS stop smoking services, said: "We will look at this research."

But he added NHS services were already proving successful.

"Smokers are up to four times more likely to quit successfully with NHS support and there are 150 NHS stop smoking services around the country."