It also proclaimed the group's leader, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, as caliph and "leader for Muslims everywhere".

 

Setting up a caliphate ruled by the strict Islamic law has long been a goal of many jihadists（伊斯兰圣战者）. 

 

Meanwhile, Iraq's army continued an offensive to retake the northern city of Tikrit from the Isis-led rebels.

 

The city was seized by the insurgents² on 11 June as they swept across large parts of northern-western Iraq.

 

In a separate development, Israel called for the creation of an independent Kurdish state in response to the gain made by the Sunni rebels in Iraq.

 

 

Isis (the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant) announced the establishment of the caliphate in an audio recording³ posted on the internet.

 

Isis also said that from now on it would be known simply as "the Islamic State".

 

The BBC's Middle East editor, Jeremy Bowen, says the declaration harks back to the rise of Islam, when the Prophet Muhammad's followers⁴ conquered vast territories in the Middle Ages.

 

The Sunni-Shia split happened because of a dispute over the succession to Muhammad, with the Sunnis following caliphs as their religious authority. 

 

The Isis "Islamic State" challenges the borders established by Britain and France in the 20th Century when the Ottoman Empire collapsed⁵, our correspondent says, adding that Isis militants⁶ see themselves as a band of revolutionaries not interested in popular legitimacy⁷.

 

Isis said the Islamic state would extend from Aleppo in northern Syria to Diyala province in eastern Iraq.

 

Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, the group said, would become the leader of the state and would be known as "Caliph Ibrahim".

 

In the recording, the rebels also demanded that all Muslims "pledge allegiance" to the new ruler and "reject democracy and other garbage from the West".

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