美国最近一项研究发现，名字偏男性化的女律师和女法官比那些有传统女性化名字的女性同行更加成功。这项研究分析了一个人在司法行业的成就与其名字男性化程度之间的关系。研究发现，名为“卡梅隆”的女性成为法官的几率比叫“苏”的女性高出两倍，而名为“布鲁斯”的女性成为法官的几率更高，比叫“苏”的女性高出四倍。研究人员表示，尽管过去15年间，从法学院毕业的女性约占到全部毕业生的半数，但司法行业依然是男人的天下。因此，人们可能会觉得男性化一点人格，或者男性化的名字对女性在司法领域的职业生涯有所帮助。

A U.S. study finding that women with male names are more successful lawyers and judges than those with more traditional, feminine names.

What's in a name? A lot if you're seeking a legal career, with a U.S. study finding that women with male names are more successful lawyers and judges than those with more traditional, feminine（女性的） names.

The study, led by economist¹ Bentley Coffey of Clemson University in South Carolina, looked at the relationship between a person's success in the legal profession, and their ultimately becoming a judge, and how masculine（男性的，阳性的） their name is.

The study found by hypothesizing（假设，假定） and using a series of equations that a female "Cameron" is about three times more likely to become a judge than a "Sue," while a female "Bruce" is five times more likely.

"Despite the fact that women made up half of the students graduating from law school in the past 15 years, the legal profession remains² a male-dominated world," Coffey wrote.

"Consequentially³, one would suspect that having a male persona（伪装的外表，角色） or male moniker（名字，绰号） might still be advantageous⁴ to a career in law."

Coffey and his team used data from the voting population of South Carolina state to test the so-called "Portia Hypothesis."

The thesis is named after Shakespeare's play, "The Merchant of Venice," in which the heiress（千金小姐，女继承人） Portia masquerades（化妆舞会） as a male lawyer to argue before a judge the case of her husband's friend Antonio, saving him for the moneylender（放债者） Shylock.

"The first female lawyer in South Carolina had a masculine name and today many female lawyers privately⁵ express their belief that their nominal⁶（名义上的） masculinity（男子气概） matters," the study said.

It listed other factors that could contribute to the advancement⁷ of women with male names, including the small number of females in law firms in several parts of the United States and that more voters prefer men to women when casting their ballots⁸ for judicial⁹ positions.

"Jurists, clients, superiors, professors, legislators, might just feel more comfortable with a woman called "George" than one called "Barbara,"" the study said.

"In the context of the "good old boy network," which is alive and well in the legal profession a woman with a male moniker might just feel more like one of the boys."

Coffey told Reuters that his research has also affected¹⁰ him personally -- he gave one of his twin daughters a traditionally masculine name and the other a traditionally feminine name. And initial results from a follow-on study show that women with male names are more likely to make more money than their more femininely named counterparts, Coffey said.