研究:完成疫苗接种的人依然会感染并传播新冠病毒
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2021-11-10 04:17 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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英国一项新研究发现,完成两剂疫苗接种的人依然会感染并传播新冠病毒,即使没有症状,传染性也和未接种者一样强。这意味着,即使周围人都接种了疫苗,未接种者仍然有可能感染新冠病毒。
 
Double jabbed people are catching1 Covid and passing it on to those they live with, warn experts who have studied UK household cases.
研究了英国家庭新冠病例的专家警告称,接种了两针新冠疫苗的人依然会感染新冠病毒并将病毒传染给共同居住的人。
 
Individuals who have had two vaccine2 doses can be just as infectious as those who have not been jabbed.
而且,打过两针疫苗的人传染性和没打过疫苗的人一样强。
 
Even if they have no or few symptoms, the chance of them transmitting the virus to other unvaccinated housemates is about two in five, or 38%.
即使他们没有症状或症状很轻,他们将病毒传染给未接种疫苗的共同居住人的风险可达38%。
 
This drops to one in four, or 25%, if housemates are also fully4 vaccinated3.
如果他们的共同居住人也完成了疫苗接种,那么感染风险就会下降到25%。
 
The Lancet Infectious Diseases work shows why getting even more people vaccinated is important.
这份研究报告发表在《柳叶刀传染病》期刊上,详述了让更多人接种疫苗的重要性。
 
Unvaccinated people cannot rely on those around them being jabbed to remove their risk of getting infected, they warn.
专家警告称,即使周边的人都打了疫苗,未接种疫苗者感染病毒的风险也不能因此而消除。
 
Vaccines5 do an excellent job of preventing serious Covid illness and deaths, but are less good at stopping infections, particularly since the emergence6 of the more infectious Delta7 variant8.
疫苗可以有效地防止接种者在感染病毒后发展成重症及死亡,但是在阻止病毒传播上就没那么有效了,尤其是在传染性更强的德尔塔变种毒株出现之后。
 
And over time, the protection offered by vaccines wanes9 and needs boosting with further doses.
随着时间流逝,疫苗的保护作用会减弱,需要打加强针才能增强保护作用。
 
Since households are where most Covid transmission occurs, making sure every member who is eligible10 for a vaccine has had one and is up to date with their doses makes sense, say experts.
专家称,由于新冠病毒传播大多发生在家庭内部,确保每位适合接种疫苗的家庭成员都接种并及时补种加强针才是明智的做法。
 
According to the study, which ran from September 2020 to September 2021 and included 440 households in London and Bolton doing PCR Covid tests:
2020年9月至2021年9月期间开展的这项研究涵盖了在伦敦和博尔顿接受聚合酶链反应检测(核酸检测)的440户家庭,研究结果如下:
 
People who are double jabbed have a lower, but still appreciable11, risk of becoming infected with the Delta variant compared with unvaccinated people
一,相比未接种疫苗者,接种两剂疫苗的人感染德尔塔病毒的风险较低,但是风险仍然不小;
 
They also appear to be just as infectious
二,接种两剂疫苗者和未接种疫苗者的传染性似乎一样强;
 
Vaccinated people clear the infection more quickly, but their peak viral load - when people are most infectious - is similar to that seen in unvaccinated people
三,接种疫苗者能更快痊愈,但是他们的病毒载量峰值(此时的传染性最高)和未接种者差不多;
 
This may explain why they can still readily pass on the virus in household settings.
四,这或许可以解释为什么接种疫苗者依然容易把病毒传染给家人。
 
Prof Ajit Lalvani, of Imperial College London, UK, who co-led the study, said: "The ongoing12 transmission we are seeing between vaccinated people makes it essential for unvaccinated people to get vaccinated to protect themselves from acquiring infection and severe Covid-19, especially as more people will be spending time inside in close proximity13 during the winter months.
该研究的领头人之一、英国伦敦帝国理工学院的阿吉特·拉尔瓦尼教授说:“我们目前所观察到的接种疫苗者传播病毒的情况表明,让未接种者接种疫苗以防止自身被感染及发展成新冠肺炎重症是至关重要的,尤其是进入冬天后,更多人会长时间呆在室内近距离相处。”
 
"We found that susceptibility to infection increased already within a few months after the second vaccine dose - so those eligible for booster shots should get them promptly14."
“我们发现人们在打完第二针疫苗几个月后感染率又开始升高,因此适合打加强针的人应该及时补种。”
 
Co-author Dr Anika Singanayagam, also from Imperial, said: "Our findings provide important insights into the effect of vaccination15 in the face of new variants16, and specifically, why the Delta variant is continuing to cause high Covid case numbers around the world, even in countries with high vaccination rates.
该研究的合著者、同样来自伦敦帝国理工学院的阿妮卡·辛格纳亚伽姆博士说:“我们的研究结果为接种疫苗对新毒株的效果提供了一些重要见解,尤其是德尔塔毒株持续在全球各地,甚至在疫苗接种率高的国家,引发大量新冠病例的原因。”


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 catching cwVztY     
adj.易传染的,有魅力的,迷人的,接住
参考例句:
  • There are those who think eczema is catching.有人就是认为湿疹会传染。
  • Enthusiasm is very catching.热情非常富有感染力。
2 vaccine Ki1wv     
n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
参考例句:
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
3 vaccinated 8f16717462e6e6db3389d0f736409983     
[医]已接种的,种痘的,接种过疫菌的
参考例句:
  • I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
  • Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗?
4 fully Gfuzd     
adv.完全地,全部地,彻底地;充分地
参考例句:
  • The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气,然后全部呼出。
  • They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。
5 vaccines c9bb57973a82c1e95c7cd0f4988a1ded     
疫苗,痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
  • The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。
6 emergence 5p3xr     
n.浮现,显现,出现,(植物)突出体
参考例句:
  • The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
  • Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生,随着社会的发展而发展的。
7 delta gxvxZ     
n.(流的)角洲
参考例句:
  • He has been to the delta of the Nile.他曾去过尼罗河三角洲。
  • The Nile divides at its mouth and forms a delta.尼罗河在河口分岔,形成了一个三角洲。
8 variant GfuzRt     
adj.不同的,变异的;n.变体,异体
参考例句:
  • We give professional suggestions according to variant tanning stages for each customer.我们针对每位顾客不同的日晒阶段,提供强度适合的晒黑建议。
  • In a variant of this approach,the tests are data- driven.这个方法的一个变种,是数据驱动的测试。
9 wanes 2dede4a31d9b2bb3281301f6e37d3968     
v.衰落( wane的第三人称单数 );(月)亏;变小;变暗淡
参考例句:
  • The moon waxes till it becomes full, and then wanes. 月亮渐盈,直到正圆,然后消亏。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • The moon waxes and wanes every month. 月亮每个月都有圆缺。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 eligible Cq6xL     
adj.有条件被选中的;(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的
参考例句:
  • He is an eligible young man.他是一个合格的年轻人。
  • Helen married an eligible bachelor.海伦嫁给了一个中意的单身汉。
11 appreciable KNWz7     
adj.明显的,可见的,可估量的,可觉察的
参考例句:
  • There is no appreciable distinction between the twins.在这对孪生子之间看不出有什么明显的差别。
  • We bought an appreciable piece of property.我们买下的资产有增值的潜力。
12 ongoing 6RvzT     
adj.进行中的,前进的
参考例句:
  • The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。
13 proximity 5RsxM     
n.接近,邻近
参考例句:
  • Marriages in proximity of blood are forbidden by the law.法律规定禁止近亲结婚。
  • Their house is in close proximity to ours.他们的房子很接近我们的。
14 promptly LRMxm     
adv.及时地,敏捷地
参考例句:
  • He paid the money back promptly.他立即还了钱。
  • She promptly seized the opportunity his absence gave her.她立即抓住了因他不在场给她创造的机会。
15 vaccination bKGzM     
n.接种疫苗,种痘
参考例句:
  • Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
  • Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。
16 variants 796e0e5ff8114b13b2e23cde9d3c6904     
n.变体( variant的名词复数 );变种;变型;(词等的)变体
参考例句:
  • Those variants will be preserved in the'struggle for existence". 这些变异将在“生存竞争”中被保留下来。 来自辞典例句
  • Like organisms, viruses have variants, generally called strains. 与其他生物一样,病毒也有变种,一般称之为株系。 来自辞典例句
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