Crime crackdown promotes stability: top judge_时事要闻

Crime crackdown promotes stability: top judge

文章来源：文章作者：发布时间：2007-03-14 03:23 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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President of China's Supreme¹ People's Court, Xiao Yang, delivers a report on judicial² work at the annual full session of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature in the Great Hall of the People in downtown Beijing on Tuesday, March 13, 2007. [Photo: Xinhua]

Mar³.14 - China's chief justice said in Beijing on Tuesday that the efforts of Chinese courts in 2006 to crack down on criminal activities of various kinds helped safeguard national security and social stability, and promoted human rights protection.

In 2006, China's Supreme People's Court (SPC) handled a total of 3,668 cases involving a variety of crimes, up 14.77 percent over the previous year, said SPC President Xiao Yang in a report on the judicial work, delivered to the national legislature for examination.

Local courts at all levels heard and concluded 8,105,007 cases in 2006, an increase of 2.07 percent year on year. Of the total, 2,323 case involved state compensation amounting to 34.84 million yuan (4.47 million U.S. dollars), said Xiao.

Courts across the country in 2006 tried and concluded 245,254 criminal cases involving felonies like explosion, murder, robbery, rape⁴ and kidnapping, and sentenced 340,715 criminals convicted in such cases.

According to the top judge, Chinese judges in the past year also handled 23,733 cases of embezzlement⁵, bribery⁶ and dereliction of duty, sentencing 825 convicted government officials above the county level, including 9 provincial- and ministerial-level officials.

Corruption⁷ and commercial bribery have become a prominent social problem in China, arousing public anger and leading to the downfall of a number of high-ranking officials, including former head of National Statistics Bureau Qiu Xiaohua and former director of State Food and Drug Administration Zheng Xiaoyu.

Chen Liangyu, former Party chief of Shanghai, China's economic center, was also put under investigation⁸ for his involvement in a major social security fund scandal, in which 3.7 billion yuan (475 million U.S. dollars) of the fund was found to be misused⁹.

Courts across the country in 2006 also tried and concluded 31,582 cases involving the manufacture, trafficking and sale of narcotics¹⁰, sentencing 37,256 criminals convicted in such cases.

In the area of intellectual property rights protection, Xiao said that Chinese courts concluded 17,769 cases involving intellectual property rights infringement¹¹ in 2006, with 3,508 people convicted and sentenced.

"Among all criminals convicted in 2006, 153,724 received sentences from five years and above in prison to life imprisonment¹² and death penalty," he told the nearly 3,000 lawmakers attending the annual full session of the National People's Congress.

Xiao said that Chinese courts at all levels, in their efforts to respect and safeguard human rights, pronounced 1,713 criminal defendants¹³ innocent in 2006, following the principle of meting¹⁴ out penalty to the guilty and setting the innocent free in time in accordance with the law.

Experiment on granting relief fund to victims of criminal cases and their relatives went on smoothly¹⁵, he said.

Statistics from the 10 higher people's courts carrying out the pilot program showed they in total issued 7.80 million yuan in the relief fund to 378 victims of criminal cases and their relatives in 2006.

One of the major developments in the field of human rights protection lies in the reform of the mechanism¹⁶ to decide on death penalties.

Xiao said the supreme court took back the power to review and ratify¹⁷ all death penalty cases as of Jan. 1, 2007, ending a 26-year practice of letting courts at lower levels decide on part of such cases.

To make lawsuits¹⁸ affordable¹⁹ to all people, Chinese courts have provided timely judicial assistance to litigants²⁰ with financial difficulties, Xiao said.

As a result, 282,582 people were allowed to delay or reduce the payment of court costs, or even totally exempted²¹ from the costs in 2006, with a total of 1.2 billion yuan spared for them, he noted²².

The top judge also reported a 4.71 percent drop in the number of letters, visits and calls of complaints and petitions the supreme court received from the general public in 2006 compared to the previous year. The supreme court received 140,511 such letters, visits and calls in the year.

Meanwhile, local courts across the country received 3,548,504 such letters, visits and calls, a decrease of 11.18 percent year on year.

The supreme court also intensified²³ its efforts to fight corruption among judges and promote judicial justice, said the top judge.

"A total of 292 judges were found to have abused power for personal interests in 2006, and 109 of them were given criminal penalty according to law," he said.

In 2006, Chinese courts at all levels handled 7,375 maritime²⁴ cases involving 4.445 billion yuan, giving equal protection to the legitimate²⁵ rights and interests of Chinese and foreign nationals involved, said the SPC president.

The courts also concluded 23,313 cases involving foreign nationals and residents of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan in 2006, an increase of 16.39 percent year on year, he added.

Apart from the courts' achievements, the top judge also raked up problems pestering²⁶ the country's judicial work, such as unfair judgment²⁷ and failure in providing timely protection to the legitimate rights and interests of some litigants who had won their lawsuits.

He attributed the problems to the poor capability²⁸ of some judges, a lack of professional ethics²⁹ among some others, and the "malpractice of a small handful of judges and senior court officials".

"We will take even stronger measures to make improvement" and "guarantee the power of judgment is exercised correctly", said Xiao,adding that the supreme court will strive to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of all litigants are well protected and the professional quality of Chinese judges as a whole improved substantially.

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1 supreme
adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的
参考例句：
It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。 He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 judicial
adj.司法的，法庭的，审判的，明断的，公正的
参考例句：
He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。 Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。

3 mar
vt.破坏，毁坏，弄糟
参考例句：
It was not the custom for elderly people to mar the picnics with their presence.大人们照例不参加这样的野餐以免扫兴。 Such a marriage might mar your career.这样的婚姻说不定会毁了你的一生。

4 rape
n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸
参考例句：
The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。 He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

5 embezzlement
n.盗用，贪污
参考例句：
He was accused of graft and embezzlement and was chained and thrown into prison.他因被指控贪污盗窃而锒铛入狱。 The judge sent him to prison for embezzlement of funds.法官因他盗用公款将其送入监牢。

6 bribery
n.贿络行为，行贿，受贿
参考例句：
FBI found out that the senator committed bribery.美国联邦调查局查明这个参议员有受贿行为。 He was charged with bribery.他被指控受贿。

7 corruption
n.腐败，堕落，贪污
参考例句：
The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。 The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

8 investigation
n.调查，调查研究
参考例句：
In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。 He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

9 misused
v.使用…不当( misuse的过去式和过去分词 )；把…派作不正当的用途；虐待；滥用
参考例句：
He misused his dog shamefully. 他可耻地虐待自己的狗。来自《简明英汉词典》 He had grossly misused his power. 他严重滥用职权。来自《简明英汉词典》

10 narcotics
n.麻醉药( narcotic的名词复数 )；毒品；毒
参考例句：
The use of narcotics by teenagers is a problem in many countries. 青少年服用麻醉药在许多国家中都是一个问题。来自《现代汉英综合大词典》 Police shook down the club, looking for narcotics. 警方彻底搜查了这个俱乐部，寻找麻醉品。来自《简明英汉词典》

11 infringement
n.违反；侵权
参考例句：
Infringement of this regulation would automatically rule you out of the championship.违背这一规则会被自动取消参加锦标赛的资格。 The committee ruled that the US ban constituted an infringement of free trade.委员会裁定美国的禁令对自由贸易构成了侵犯

12 imprisonment
n.关押，监禁，坐牢
参考例句：
His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment.他的判决由死刑减为无期徒刑。 He was sentenced to one year's imprisonment for committing bigamy.他因为犯重婚罪被判入狱一年。

13 defendants
被告( defendant的名词复数 )
参考例句：
The courts heard that the six defendants had been coerced into making a confession. 法官审判时发现6位被告人曾被迫承认罪行。 As in courts, the defendants are represented by legal counsel. 与法院相同，被告有辩护律师作为代表。来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件

14 meting
v.（对某人）施以，给予（处罚等）( mete的现在分词 )
参考例句：
The manager was strict and fair in meting out rewards and punishments. 经理赏罚严明。来自互联网 Doris Crockford. Mr. Potter. I can't believe I'm meting you at last. 我叫桃瑞丝。韦斯莱。波特先生。我真不敢相信，总算见到您了。来自互联网

15 smoothly
adv.平滑地，顺利地，流利地，流畅地
参考例句：
The workmen are very cooperative,so the work goes on smoothly.工人们十分合作，所以工作进展顺利。 Just change one or two words and the sentence will read smoothly.这句话只要动一两个字就顺了。

16 mechanism
n.机械装置；机构，结构
参考例句：
The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。 The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

17 ratify
v.批准，认可，追认
参考例句：
The heads of two governments met to ratify the peace treaty.两国政府首脑会晤批准和平条约。 The agreement have to be ratify by the board.该协议必须由董事会批准。

18 lawsuits
n.诉讼( lawsuit的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Lawsuits involving property rights and farming and grazing rights increased markedly. 涉及财产权，耕作与放牧权的诉讼案件显著地增加。来自辞典例句 I've lost and won more lawsuits than any man in England. 全英国的人算我官司打得最多，赢的也多，输的也多。来自辞典例句

19 affordable
adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的
参考例句：
The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。 There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

20 litigants
n.诉讼当事人( litigant的名词复数 )
参考例句：
Litigants of the two parties may reconcile of their own accord. 双方当事人可以自行和解。来自口语例句 The litigants may appeal against a judgment or a ruling derived from the retrial. 当事人可就重审案件的判决或裁定进行上诉。来自口语例句

21 exempted
使免除[豁免]( exempt的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
His bad eyesight exempted him from military service. 他因视力不好而免服兵役。 Her illness exempted her from the examination. 她因病而免试。

22 noted
adj.著名的，知名的
参考例句：
The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。 Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

23 intensified
v.（使）增强，（使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句：
Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。 The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。来自《简明英汉词典》

24 maritime
adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的
参考例句：
Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。 The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。

25 legitimate
adj.合法的，合理的，合乎逻辑的；v.使合法
参考例句：
Sickness is a legitimate reason for asking for leave.生病是请假的一个正当的理由。 That's a perfectly legitimate fear.怀有这种恐惧完全在情理之中。

26 pestering
使烦恼，纠缠( pester的现在分词 )
参考例句：
He's always pestering me to help him with his homework. 他总是泡蘑菇要我帮他做作业。 I'm telling you once and for all, if you don't stop pestering me you'll be sorry. 我这是最后一次警告你。如果你不停止纠缠我，你将来会后悔的。

27 judgment
n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
参考例句：
The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。 He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。

28 capability
n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等
参考例句：
She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。 Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。

29 ethics
n.伦理学；伦理观，道德标准
参考例句：
The ethics of his profession don't permit him to do that.他的职业道德不允许他那样做。 Personal ethics and professional ethics sometimes conflict.个人道德和职业道德有时会相互抵触。

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