牛津实用英语语法 305 介词与被动态动词连用
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-03-19 08:39 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

A 正如已经提到过的,要提到被动态动词的施动者时,前面须用by引导:

主动态:       Dufy painted this picture

                     达菲画的这幅画。

被动态:       This picture was1 painted by Dufy

                     这幅画是达菲画的。

主动态:       What makes these holes

                     是什么东西弄出这些破洞的?

被动态:       What are these holes made2 by

                     这些破洞是什么东西弄的?

注意下列句子:

Smoke filled3 the room

房间里烟雾弥漫。

Paint covered4 the lock5

油漆涂遍了锁上。

它们的被动形式应当是:

The room was filled with smoke

The lock was covered with paint

这里针对的只是所涉及的物质而不是施动者本人。

B 动词+介词+宾语这一结构变成被动态时,介词应直接跟在动词之后:

主动态:       We must write to him

             我们必须给他写信。

被动态:       He must be written to

                     必须给他写信。

主动态:       You can play with these cubs6 quite safely7

你和这些熊崽子玩不会有危险。

被动态:      These cubs can be played with quite safely

                      和这些熊崽子玩不会有危险。

                     对动词+介词/副词结构,也应同样处理:

主动态:       They threw away the old newspapers

                     他们把旧报纸扔了。

被动态:       The old newspapers were thrown away

                     旧报纸给扔了。

主动态:       He looked after the children well

                     他对孩子们照顾得很好。

被动态:       The children were well looked after

                     孩子们被照顾得很好。



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1 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
2 made hAgx2     
v.make的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • They were not made in china.它们不是中国制造的。
  • The monkey made a long arm for the peach.猴子伸臂去摘桃子。
3 filled mt0zUM     
adj.满的;填满的;充气的;加载的v.(使)充满, (使)装满,填满( fill的过去式和过去分词 );满足;配药;(按订单)供应
参考例句:
  • He was filled with anger at the way he had been treated. 他因遭受如此待遇而怒火满腔。
  • two wine glasses, filled to the brim 两只斟满的酒杯
4 covered jvaz7W     
adj.大量的;有遮盖物的,(尤指)有顶的v.覆盖( cover的过去式和过去分词);掩护;包括
参考例句:
  • His face was covered in blood. 他满脸是血。
  • His clothes were covered in dirt. 他的衣服沾满了污垢。
5 lock 80JxE     
vi.锁,锁上,锁住,紧闭;vt.锁,锁上,拘禁;隐藏;使固定,卡住;n.锁,刹车;水闸;一缕头发
参考例句:
  • This box doesn't lock.这只箱子锁不上。
  • Will you lock up the house,please?请将房门锁起来,好吗?
6 cubs 01d925a0dc25c0b909e51536316e8697     
n.幼小的兽,不懂规矩的年轻人( cub的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • a lioness guarding her cubs 守护幼崽的母狮
  • Lion cubs depend on their mother to feed them. 狮子的幼仔依靠母狮喂养。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 safely Ijfz50     
adv.安全地,平安地;确切地,没错地
参考例句:
  • The children can play safely in the garden.孩子们可以在花园里玩耍,很安全。
  • The ship came safely to land.船平安靠岸。
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