If you want to win in sports, wear red
文章来源:未知 文章作者:meng 发布时间:2009-10-28 05:26 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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If winning is everything, British anthropologists(人类学家) have some advice: Wear red. Their survey of four sports at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens shows competitors were more likely to win their contests if they wore red uniforms or red body armor.

"Across a range of sports, we find that wearing red is consistently associated with a higher probability(可能性,几率) of winning," report Russell A. Hill and Robert A. Barton of the University of Durham in England. Their findings are in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.

Red coloration(着红色) is associated with aggression1 in many animals. Often it is sexually selected so that scarlet2 markings signal male dominance.

Just think of the red stripes on the scowling3(闷闷不乐的,愁眉不展的) face of the male Mandrill, Africa's largest monkey species. But red is not exclusively a male trait. It's the female black widow spider that is venomous(恶意的,有毒的) and displays a menacing red dot on her abdomen4(腹部).

Similarly, the color's effect also may subconsciously5 intimidate6 opponents in athletic7 contests, especially when the athletes are equal in skill and strength, the researchers suggest.

In their survey, the anthropologists analyzed8 the results of four combat sports at the summer games: boxing, tae kwon do(跆拳道), Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling.

In those events, the athletes were randomly9 assigned red protective gear and other sportwear.

Athletes wearing red gear won more often in 16 of 21 rounds of competition in all four events.

The effect was the same regardless of weight classes, too: 19 of 29 classes had more red winners, and only four rounds had more blue winners.

The red effect also might come into play in team sports.

The anthropologists made a preliminary analysis of the Euro 2004 international soccer tournament, in which teams wore jerseys10(毛线衫,运动衫) of different colors in different matches. They found that five teams scored more goals and won more often when they wore shirts that were predominantly red, as opposed to blue or white jerseys.

Scientists don't precisely11 known how wearing red might give athletes an advantage. But the color delivers implicit12(暗示的) messages of vigor13(活力,精力) and danger. When people get angry, their faces turn red. It's also a reason why stop signs are red. So are most Ferraris.

假如获胜对您来说很重要,那么英国人类学家建议您: 请穿红色的衣服参加比赛。他们对2004年雅典奥运会上的四个运动项目进行了调查研究,结果表明穿红色运动服或防护外套的运动员在比赛中获胜的可能性更大。

“通过对不同体育项目的研究,我们发现穿红色衣服通常意味着更高的获胜可能性。”英格兰杜伦大学的拉塞尔·A·希尔和罗伯特·A·巴顿说。他们的研究结果发表在本周四出版的《自然》杂志上。

对很多动物来说,红色象征着进攻。就两性而言,动物身上的红色斑纹象征着雄性的统治权。

只要想想雄性大狒狒愁眉不展的面孔上的红色条纹就很轻易理解吧,它们可是非洲最大的猿类动物。但红色并不仅仅是雄性的特征,在雌性毒蜘蛛“黑寡妇”的腹部同样可以看到有威慑作用的红点。

研究者们认为,同样,在体育比赛中,红色也能够在潜意识上对竞争对手产生威慑作用,尤其当竞争双方的技巧和力量都不相上下时。

人类学家们还分析了雅典夏季奥运会中四项对抗性运动的比赛结果,它们分别是拳击、跆拳道、古典式摔跤和自由式摔跤。

在这些赛事中,红色的护具和运动装束被随机分配给运动员们。

在这四项赛事中,穿红色防护外套的运动员在21轮比赛中共获得16次胜利。

即使在不同重量级的比赛中,红色产生的效果也是相同的。在29个级别的比赛中,有19个级别的获胜者以穿红色居多,只有四轮比赛里穿蓝色的获胜者较多。

红色还可能会在集体运动项目中发挥效力。

人类学家们还对2004年欧洲国际足球锦标赛做了初步分析,就各支球队在不同的比赛中所穿的不同颜色的队服进行比较。他们发现有五支球队在穿红色基调的球衣与穿蓝色或白色球衣的对手抗衡时,他们的进球和获胜次数都增加了。

科学家们并不很确定穿红色衣服是如何使运动员获得优势的,但这种颜色暗含着活力和危险的信号。当人们愤怒时,他们的脸会涨得通红。这也是为什么停车标志被做成红色的一个原因,还有那么多红色的法拉利跑车。



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 aggression WKjyF     
n.进攻,侵略,侵犯,侵害
参考例句:
  • So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结,就不必惧怕外来侵略。
  • Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。
2 scarlet zD8zv     
n.深红色,绯红色,红衣;adj.绯红色的
参考例句:
  • The scarlet leaves of the maples contrast well with the dark green of the pines.深红的枫叶和暗绿的松树形成了明显的对比。
  • The glowing clouds are growing slowly pale,scarlet,bright red,and then light red.天空的霞光渐渐地淡下去了,深红的颜色变成了绯红,绯红又变为浅红。
3 scowling bbce79e9f38ff2b7862d040d9e2c1dc7     
怒视,生气地皱眉( scowl的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • There she was, grey-suited, sweet-faced, demure, but scowling. 她就在那里,穿着灰色的衣服,漂亮的脸上显得严肃而忧郁。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
  • Scowling, Chueh-hui bit his lips. 他马上把眉毛竖起来。 来自汉英文学 - 家(1-26) - 家(1-26)
4 abdomen MfXym     
n.腹,下腹(胸部到腿部的部分)
参考例句:
  • How to know to there is ascarid inside abdomen?怎样知道肚子里面有蛔虫?
  • He was anxious about an off-and-on pain the abdomen.他因时隐时现的腹痛而焦虑。
5 subconsciously WhIzFD     
ad.下意识地,潜意识地
参考例句:
  • In choosing a partner we are subconsciously assessing their evolutionary fitness to be a mother of children or father provider and protector. 在选择伴侣的时候,我们会在潜意识里衡量对方将来是否会是称职的母亲或者父亲,是否会是合格的一家之主。
  • Lao Yang thought as he subconsciously tightened his grasp on the rifle. 他下意识地攥紧枪把想。 来自汉英文学 - 散文英译
6 intimidate 5Rvzt     
vt.恐吓,威胁
参考例句:
  • You think you can intimidate people into doing what you want?你以为你可以威胁别人做任何事?
  • The first strike capacity is intended mainly to intimidate adversary.第一次攻击的武力主要是用来吓阻敌方的。
7 athletic sOPy8     
adj.擅长运动的,强健的;活跃的,体格健壮的
参考例句:
  • This area has been marked off for athletic practice.这块地方被划出来供体育训练之用。
  • He is an athletic star.他是一个运动明星。
8 analyzed 483f1acae53789fbee273a644fdcda80     
v.分析( analyze的过去式和过去分词 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析
参考例句:
  • The doctors analyzed the blood sample for anemia. 医生们分析了贫血的血样。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The young man did not analyze the process of his captivation and enrapturement, for love to him was a mystery and could not be analyzed. 这年轻人没有分析自己蛊惑著迷的过程,因为对他来说,爱是个不可分析的迷。 来自《简明英汉词典》
9 randomly cktzBM     
adv.随便地,未加计划地
参考例句:
  • Within the hot gas chamber, molecules are moving randomly in all directions. 在灼热的气体燃烧室内,分子在各个方向上作无规运动。 来自辞典例句
  • Transformed cells are loosely attached, rounded and randomly oriented. 转化细胞则不大贴壁、圆缩并呈杂乱分布。 来自辞典例句
10 jerseys 26c6e36a41f599d0f56d0246b900c354     
n.运动衫( jersey的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The maximum quantity of cotton jerseys this year is about DM25,000. 平方米的羊毛地毯超过了以往的订货。 来自口语例句
  • The NBA is mulling the prospect of stitching advertising logos onto jerseys. 大意:NBA官方正在酝酿一个大煞风景的计划——把广告标志绣上球服! 来自互联网
11 precisely zlWzUb     
adv.恰好,正好,精确地,细致地
参考例句:
  • It's precisely that sort of slick sales-talk that I mistrust.我不相信的正是那种油腔滑调的推销宣传。
  • The man adjusted very precisely.那个人调得很准。
12 implicit lkhyn     
a.暗示的,含蓄的,不明晰的,绝对的
参考例句:
  • A soldier must give implicit obedience to his officers. 士兵必须绝对服从他的长官。
  • Her silence gave implicit consent. 她的沉默表示默许。
13 vigor yLHz0     
n.活力,精力,元气
参考例句:
  • The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。
  • She didn't want to be reminded of her beauty or her former vigor.现在,她不愿人们提起她昔日的美丽和以前的精力充沛。
TAG标签: effect red advantage
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