Free market economics had created a tyranny, in which people were valued only by their ability to consume, the pontiff（主教，教皇） told diplomats³ in the Vatican.

 

"Money has to serve, not to rule," he said, urging ethical financial reforms.

 

Meanwhile, the Vatican's own bank announced it would publish its annual report for the first time.

 

The Institute for Works of Religion, which has been at the centre of various financial scandals in recent years, is to hire an external accountancy firm to ensure it meets international standards against money laundering⁴. 

 

The bank would launch a website and publish its annual report in an effort to increase transparency, new president Ernst Freyberg said.

 

The institute is considered one of the world's most secretive banks.

 

 

Pope Francis said life had become worse for people in both rich and poor countries, the BBC's David Willey in Rome reports.

 

In a biblical reference, the pontiff said the "worship of the golden calf" of old had found a new and heartless image in the current cult of money.

 

He added that reforms were urgently needed as poverty was becoming more and more evident.

 

People struggled to live, and frequently in an undignified way, under the dictatorship of an economy which lacked any real human goal, Pope Francis said.

 

He made his remarks during an address to newly accredited⁶ ambassadors to the Holy See.

 

The new pontiff, who took over from Benedict XVI in March, is renowned⁷ for his efforts of tackling poverty in his native Argentina.

 

He has previously⁸ said that the Church has a special duty to defend the poor.

 

"I would like a Church that is poor and is for the poor," he said following his election as head of the world's 1.2 billion Catholics two months ago.

 

The pontiff said he had chosen the name Francis in a direct reference to St Francis of Assisi, the Italian founder⁹ of the Franciscan Order who was devoted¹⁰ to the poor.

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