LSAT模拟试题:LSAT模拟试题TEST3逻辑9b
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7. When individual students are all treated equally in that they have identical exposure to curriculum material, the rate, quality, and quantity of learning will vary from student to student. If all students are to master a given curriculum, some of them need different types of help than others, as any experienced teacher knows.

  If the statements above are both true, which one of the following conclusions can be drawn1 on the basis of them?

  (A) Unequal treatment, in a sense, of individual students is required in order to ensure equality with respect to the educational tasks they master.

  (B) The rate and quality of learning, with learning understood as the acquiring of the ability to solve problems within a given curriculum area, depend on the quality of teaching an individual student receives in any given curriculum.

  (C) The more experienced the teacher is, the more the students will learn.

  (D) All students should have identical exposure to learn the material being taught in any given curriculum.

  (E) Teachers should help each of their students to learn as much as possible.

  8. George: Some scientists say that global warming will occur because people are releasing large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by burning trees and fossil fuels. We can see, though, that the predicted warming is occurring already. In the middle of last winter, we had a month of springlike weather in our area, and this fall, because of unusually mild temperatures, the leaves on our town抯 trees were three weeks late in turning color.

  Which one of the following would it be most relevant to investigate in evaluating the conclusion of George抯 argument?

  (A) whether carbon dioxide is the only cause of global warming

  (B) when leaves on the trees in the town usually change color

  (C) what proportion of global emissions2 of carbon dioxide is due to the burning of trees by humans

  (D) whether air pollution is causing some trees in the are to lose their leaves

  (E) whether unusually warm weather is occurring elsewhere on the globe more frequently than before

  9. Student representative: Our university, in expelling a student who verbally harassed3 his roommate, has erred4 by penalizing5 the student for doing what he surely has a right to do: speak his mind!

  Dean of students: but what you' re saying is that our university should endorse6 verbal harassment7. Yet surely if we did that, we would threaten the free flow of ideas that is the essence of university life.

  Which one of the following is a questionable8 technique that the dean of students uses in attempting to refute the student representative?

  (A) challenging the student representative抯 knowledge of the process by which the student was expelled

  (B) invoking9 a fallacious distinction between speech and other sorts of behavior

  (C) misdescribing the student representative' s position, thereby10 making it easier to challenge

  (D) questioning the motives11 of the student representative rather than offering reasons for the conclusion defended

  (E) relying on a position of power to silence the opposing viewpoint with a threat

  10. Famous personalities12 found guilty of many types of crimes in well-publicized trials are increasingly sentenced to the performance of community service, though unknown defendants13 convicted of similar crimes almost always serve prison sentences. However, the principle of equality before the law rules out using fame and publicity14 as relevant considerations in the sentencing of convicted criminals.

  The statements above, if true, most strongly support which one of the following conclusions?

  (A) The principle of equality before the law if rigorously applied15 in only a few types of criminal trials.

  (B) The number of convicted celebrities16 sentenced to community service should equal the number of convicted unknown defendants sentenced to community service.

  (C) The principle of equality before the law can properly be overridden17 by other principles in some cases.

  (D) The sentencing of celebrities to community service instead of prison constitutes a violation18 of the principle of equality before the law in many cases.

  (E) The principle of equality before the law does not allow for leniency19 in sentencing.

  11. Scientific research at a certain university was supported in part by an annual grant from a major foundation. When the university' s physics department embarked20 on weapons-related research, the foundation, which has a purely21 humanitarian22 mission, threatened to cancel its grant. The university then promised that none of the foundation' s money would be used for the weapons research, whereupon the foundation withdrew its threat, concluding that the weapons research would not benefit from the foundation' s grants.

  Which one of the following describes a flaw in the reasoning underlying23 the foundation's conclusion?

  (A) It overlooks the possibility that the availability of the foundation's money for humanitarian uses will allow the university to redirect other funds from humanitarian uses to weapons research.

  (B) It overlooks the possibility that the physics department' s weapons research is not he only one of the university's research activities with other than purely humanitarian purposes.

  (C) It overlooks the possibility that the university made its promise specifically in order to induce the foundation to withdraw its threat.

  (D) It confuses the intention of not using a sum of money for a particular purpose with the intention of not using that sum of money at all.

  (E) It assumes that if the means to achieve an objective are humanitarian in character, then the objective is also humanitarian in character.

  12. To suit the needs of corporate24 clients, advertising25 agencies have successfully modified a strategy originally developed for political campaigns. This strategy aims to provide clients with free publicity and air time by designing an advertising campaign that is controversial, thus drawing prime-time media coverage26 and evoking27 public comment by officials.

  The Statements above, if true, most seriously undermine which one of the following assertions?

  (A) The usefulness of an advertising campaign is based solely28 on the degree to which the campaign抯 advertisements persuade their audiences.

  (B) Only a small percentage of eligible29 voters admit to being influenced by advertising campaigns in deciding how to vote.

  (C) Campaign managers have transformed political campaigns by making increasing use of strategies borrowed from corporate advertising campaigns.

  (D) Corporations are typically more concerned with maintaining public recognition of the corporate name than with enhancing goodwill30 toward the corporation.

  (E) Advertising agencies that specialize in campaigns for corporate clients are not usually chosen for political campaigns



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1 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
2 emissions 1a87f8769eb755734e056efecb5e2da9     
排放物( emission的名词复数 ); 散发物(尤指气体)
参考例句:
  • Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
  • Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。
3 harassed 50b529f688471b862d0991a96b6a1e55     
adj. 疲倦的,厌烦的 动词harass的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • He has complained of being harassed by the police. 他投诉受到警方侵扰。
  • harassed mothers with their children 带着孩子的疲惫不堪的母亲们
4 erred c8b7e9a0d41d16f19461ffc24ded698d     
犯错误,做错事( err的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He erred in his judgement. 他判断错了。
  • We will work on those who have erred and help them do right. 我们将对犯了错误的人做工作,并帮助他们改正。
5 penalizing 131b6b7509f81de83730275d15a0bbea     
对…予以惩罚( penalize的现在分词 ); 使处于不利地位
参考例句:
  • This is more than just penalizing a company that you are mad at. 她说:这将远远超过惩罚一个你感到不满的公司。
6 endorse rpxxK     
vt.(支票、汇票等)背书,背署;批注;同意
参考例句:
  • No one is foolish enough to endorse it.没有哪个人会傻得赞成它。
  • I fully endorse your opinions on this subject.我完全拥护你对此课题的主张。
7 harassment weNxI     
n.骚扰,扰乱,烦恼,烦乱
参考例句:
  • She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
  • The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。
8 questionable oScxK     
adj.可疑的,有问题的
参考例句:
  • There are still a few questionable points in the case.这个案件还有几个疑点。
  • Your argument is based on a set of questionable assumptions.你的论证建立在一套有问题的假设上。
9 invoking ac7bba2a53612f6fe1454f6397475d24     
v.援引( invoke的现在分词 );行使(权利等);祈求救助;恳求
参考例句:
  • You can customise the behavior of the Asynchronous Server and hence re-brand it by defining your own command set for invoking services. 通过定义自己调用服务的命令集,您可以定制自定义异步服务器的行为,通过为调用服务定义自己的命令集从而对它重新标记。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • You can customize the behavior of the Asynchronous Server and hence re-brand it by defining your own command set for invoking services. 通过定义自己调用服务的命令集,您可以定制自定义异步服务器的行为,通过为调用服务定义自己的命令集从而对它重新标记。 来自辞典例句
10 thereby Sokwv     
adv.因此,从而
参考例句:
  • I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市,因此对它不怎么熟悉。
  • He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民,因而得到了投票权。
11 motives 6c25d038886898b20441190abe240957     
n.动机,目的( motive的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • to impeach sb's motives 怀疑某人的动机
  • His motives are unclear. 他的用意不明。
12 personalities ylOzsg     
n. 诽谤,(对某人容貌、性格等所进行的)人身攻击; 人身攻击;人格, 个性, 名人( personality的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • There seemed to be a degree of personalities in her remarks.她话里有些人身攻击的成分。
  • Personalities are not in good taste in general conversation.在一般的谈话中诽谤他人是不高尚的。
13 defendants 7d469c27ef878c3ccf7daf5b6ab392dc     
被告( defendant的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The courts heard that the six defendants had been coerced into making a confession. 法官审判时发现6位被告人曾被迫承认罪行。
  • As in courts, the defendants are represented by legal counsel. 与法院相同,被告有辩护律师作为代表。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
14 publicity ASmxx     
n.众所周知,闻名;宣传,广告
参考例句:
  • The singer star's marriage got a lot of publicity.这位歌星的婚事引起了公众的关注。
  • He dismissed the event as just a publicity gimmick.他不理会这件事,只当它是一种宣传手法。
15 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
16 celebrities d38f03cca59ea1056c17b4467ee0b769     
n.(尤指娱乐界的)名人( celebrity的名词复数 );名流;名声;名誉
参考例句:
  • He only invited A-list celebrities to his parties. 他只邀请头等名流参加他的聚会。
  • a TV chat show full of B-list celebrities 由众多二流人物参加的电视访谈节目
17 overridden 3ea029046b4ce545504601a0be429279     
越控( override的过去分词 ); (以权力)否决; 优先于; 比…更重要
参考例句:
  • The chairman's veto was overridden by the committee. 主席的否决被委员会推翻了。
  • Property '{0}' is not declarable, and cannot be overridden. 属性“{0}”是不可声明的,不能被重写。
18 violation lLBzJ     
n.违反(行为),违背(行为),侵犯
参考例句:
  • He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说,那是违反规则的。
  • He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
19 leniency I9EzM     
n.宽大(不严厉)
参考例句:
  • udges are advised to show greater leniency towards first-time offenders.建议法官对初犯者宽大处理。
  • Police offer leniency to criminals in return for information.警方给罪犯宽大处理以换取情报。
20 embarked e63154942be4f2a5c3c51f6b865db3de     
乘船( embark的过去式和过去分词 ); 装载; 从事
参考例句:
  • We stood on the pier and watched as they embarked. 我们站在突码头上目送他们登船。
  • She embarked on a discourse about the town's origins. 她开始讲本市的起源。
21 purely 8Sqxf     
adv.纯粹地,完全地
参考例句:
  • I helped him purely and simply out of friendship.我帮他纯粹是出于友情。
  • This disproves the theory that children are purely imitative.这证明认为儿童只会单纯地模仿的理论是站不住脚的。
22 humanitarian kcoxQ     
n.人道主义者,博爱者,基督凡人论者
参考例句:
  • She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业,并作了很大的贡献。
  • The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。
23 underlying 5fyz8c     
adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的
参考例句:
  • The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
  • This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。
24 corporate 7olzl     
adj.共同的,全体的;公司的,企业的
参考例句:
  • This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。
  • His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。
25 advertising 1zjzi3     
n.广告业;广告活动 a.广告的;广告业务的
参考例句:
  • Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
  • The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
26 coverage nvwz7v     
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
参考例句:
  • There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
  • This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
27 evoking e8ded81fad5a5e31b49da2070adc1faa     
产生,引起,唤起( evoke的现在分词 )
参考例句:
  • Some occur in organisms without evoking symptoms. 一些存在于生物体中,但不发生症状。
  • Nowadays, the protection of traditional knowledge is evoking heat discussion worldwide. 目前,全球都掀起了保护传统知识的热潮。
28 solely FwGwe     
adv.仅仅,唯一地
参考例句:
  • Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement.成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
  • The town depends almost solely on the tourist trade.这座城市几乎完全靠旅游业维持。
29 eligible Cq6xL     
adj.有条件被选中的;(尤指婚姻等)合适(意)的
参考例句:
  • He is an eligible young man.他是一个合格的年轻人。
  • Helen married an eligible bachelor.海伦嫁给了一个中意的单身汉。
30 goodwill 4fuxm     
n.善意,亲善,信誉,声誉
参考例句:
  • His heart is full of goodwill to all men.他心里对所有人都充满着爱心。
  • We paid £10,000 for the shop,and £2000 for its goodwill.我们用一万英镑买下了这家商店,两千英镑买下了它的信誉。
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