The writer, who was one of the literary world's most powerful voices against apartheid（种族隔离） - died at her home after a short illness, her family said.

 

She wrote more than 30 books, including the novels My Son's Story, Burger's Daughter and July's People.

 

She jointly² won 1974's Booker Prize for The Conservationist and was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature in 1991.

 

 

The Nobel committee said at the time it was honouring Gordimer for her "magnificent epic³ writing" which had been "of very great benefit to humanity".

 

The daughter of a Lithuanian Jewish watchmaker, she began writing from an early age. Gordimer published her first story - Come Again Tomorrow - in a Johannesburg magazine at just 15.

 

Her works comprised both novels and short stories where the consequences of apartheid, exile and alienation⁴ were the major themes.

 

Gordimer's family said she "cared most deeply about South Africa, its culture, its people, and its ongoing⁵ struggle to realise its new democracy".

 

Committed to fighting apartheid, the author was a leading member of the African National Congress (ANC) and fought for the release of Nelson Mandela. 

 

Nadine Gordimer was interviewed by the BBC in 2011

 

They went on to become firm friends and she edited Mandela's famous I Am Prepared To Die speech, which he gave as a defendant⁶ during his 1962 trial.

 

The Nelson Mandela Foundation paid tribute to Gordimer, saying it was "deeply saddened at the loss of South Africa's grande dame⁷ of literature".

 

"We have lost a great writer, a patriot⁸ and strong voice for equality and democracy in the world," it added.

 

A number of Gordimer's books were banned by the South African government under the apartheid regime including 1966's The Late Bourgeois⁹ World and 1979's Burger's Daughter.

 

Her last novel, No Time Like the Present, published in 2012, follows veterans of the battle against apartheid as they deal with the issues facing modern South Africa.

 

Despite her hatred¹⁰（憎恨） of apartheid, the author was proud of her heritage and said she only considered emigrating once - to nearby Zambia.

 

"Then I discovered the truth, which was that in Zambia I was regarded by black friends as a European, a stranger," she said. 

 

"It is only here that I can be what I am: a white African."

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