无敌英语语法(初级版)-第16章 2 从属连词
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

1 that

I  think(that) he likes football.

我想他喜欢足球。

that引导名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句)和定语从句,本书只介绍宾语从句。

1.that在宾语从句、间接引语中可以省略,主句与从句时态一致。

I think(that) he is tired.我想他累了。

I thought(that) he was2 tired.

注意

要特别注意主句与从句时态的呼应。如果主句是过去时,从句一律改为过去的时态,详见第二十章宾语从句。

2.如果主句的动词是 think, believe4…;如果主句的主语是第一人称,变为否定句时,要否定主句,译成中文时,则否定从句。

I believe you will leave here.

我相信,你会离开这儿的。

I don't believe you will leave here.

我相信,你不会离开这儿的。

必背!

I hope5 that~我希望~

I think that~我认为~

I say that~我说~

I know that~我知道~

I find that~我发现~

be afraid that~恐怕~

be sure that~确认~

be glad(happy) that~很高兴~

(以上的that都可以省略)

2 when,while6till7until8since9

When he arrives there he will call you.

他到达那儿以后,他会给你打电话。

when, while, till, until, since, after, before, as3 soon as等是连接时间状语从句的连词。在时间状语从句中要特别注意时态的搭配:当主句是将来时,从句要用一般现在时。

注意

while所引导的从句的谓语动词只能是延续性的,不能用点动词。(如begin,stop…)

When I arrived there, it was raining.

当我到那儿时,天正在下雨。

I entered10 the room while(when) Li Ming was talking with her.

我进屋时,李明正在和她谈话。

I didn't go to sleep until(till)I finished11 my homework.

直到我做完作业,我才上床睡觉。

We won't work until(till) our teacher teaches us how to do it.

老师教给我们如何做这工作之后,我们才会开始做。

He came12 to China after the war13 was over.

比较

连词连接从句不同,意思不同。

He had14 been in China before the war was over.

战争结束前,他已经在中国了。

=The war was over before he came to China.

=The war had been over before he came to China.

战争结束后,他来到中国。

I have learned15 more than two thousand English words since I began learning16 English two years ago.

自从两年前我开始学习英语以来,我已经学习了两千多个英语单词了。

注意

since引导的是一个过去时的句子,说明自当时以来到现在(自从两年前以来),主句一般要用现在完成时。

As soon as I get enough money,I'll buy it.

我一得到足够的钱,就买它。

3 because:因为,连接原因状语从句

She didn't go there,because she was ill.

因为她病了,所以她没去那儿。

1.回答Why问句时,只能用because,不能用for或 as.

Why are you late?

你为什么迟到?

Because I met a traffic17 accident18 on my way here.

因为在我来这儿的路上,遇到了车祸。

2.汉语中,我们经常说因为……所以,但在英文中有了because,就不能再用so。

(×)Because he was tired, so he couldn't walk there.

因为他累了,所以他不能走到那儿了。

4 if,though1although19

If it doesn't rain,we'll go to the park.

如果不下雨,我们就去公园。

Though I was tired, I still worked hard.

虽然我很累,可是我仍然努力地工作。

1.if:如果(引导条件从句)

You can pass the exam20 if you study hard.

如果你努力学习,你会及格的。

2.though,although:虽然(引导让步状语从句)和原因状语从句一样,如果用了though,although (虽然)就不能再用but(但是)。

Although(Though) I live near the sea, I'm not a good swimmer21.

=I live near the sea,but I'm not a good swimmer.

虽然我住在海边,可是我游泳并不好。

注意

注意时态一致,和时间状语从句一样。主句是将来时之时,从句要用一般现在时。

5 so…that:太……以致……

He is so old that he can't work. = He is too old to work.

他太老了,不能工作。

The box is so heavy that I can't lift it.

=The box is too heavy for me to lift.

箱子太沉了,我抬不起来。

The girl is so beautiful that everybody22 likes her.

这个小女孩太漂亮了,每个人都喜欢她。

注意

注意此句型与too…to的互换。

so…that在肯定句中不能转换成too…to…。



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 though lIRzS     
conj.虽然,尽管;即使;可是,不过,然而;adv.可是,不过,然而
参考例句:
  • It's quite pleasant today,though the wind is rather cool.尽管风有点凉,今天天气还是很不错的。
  • I will have a try even though I should fail.哪怕失败,我也要试一下。
2 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
3 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
4 believe zQNy5     
v.相信;认为
参考例句:
  • Believe it or not,that's the way it is.信不信由你,反正事情就是这样。
  • I believe what you say.我相信你的话。
5 hope Kcwx9     
vt.希望,期望;vi.希望,期待;n.希望,期望
参考例句:
  • We hope you can come.我们希望你能来。
  • Hope you'll enjoy yourself there.愿您度过愉快的一天。
6 while IeZz7W     
conj.当…的时候;而;虽然;尽管 n.一会儿
参考例句:
  • In a short while,the cat ate up the fish.不久,那只猫便将鱼吃个精光。
  • He teaches English in the school all the while.他一直在这所学校里教英语。
7 till dovwL     
conj.直到(...为止);n.(账台中)放钱的抽屉;prep.直到;pron.直到...为止,直到;vt.耕种
参考例句:
  • It was not till 11 o'clock that he came back last night.昨晚直到11点他才回来。
  • You can come to my house till all hours.你多晚来我家都没关系。
8 until cjnw3     
prep.直到...为止;conj.直到...时才...
参考例句:
  • He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。
  • She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。
9 since syswX     
adv.后来;conj.既然,因为,自从;prep.自从
参考例句:
  • He's been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后,他就一直在一家银行工作。
  • I have known him ever since I was a child.我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。
10 entered entered     
v.进入( enter的过去式和过去分词 );进去;参加;登记
参考例句:
  • The jet entered Chinese airspace without permission. 那架喷气式飞机未经允许闯入中国领空。
  • Please check that your surname and forenames have been correctly entered. 请核对你的姓名已正确输入。
11 finished otFzWn     
adj.完成的,精湛的;v.动词finish的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • We finished up everything there was on the table. 我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
  • We can certainly have the job finished on time.我们肯定能按时完成任务。
12 came xTYyl     
v.动词come的过去式
参考例句:
  • I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里,我很惊奇。
  • The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。
13 war whfwY     
n.战争;vi.作战
参考例句:
  • We ended the Korean war.我们结束了朝鲜战争。
  • The war made many people lose their house and home.战争使许多人无家可归。
14 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
15 learned m1oxn     
adj.有学问的,博学的;learn的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • He went into a rage when he learned about it.他听到这事后勃然大怒。
  • In this little village,he passed for a learned man.在这个小村子里,他被视为有学问的人。
16 learning wpSzFe     
n.学问,学识,学习;动词learn的现在分词
参考例句:
  • When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时,常会从车上掉下来。
  • Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。
17 traffic gn1w4     
adj.交通的;n.交通;vi.交易,买卖
参考例句:
  • That will help the traffic.这会促进交通状况。
  • He had a traffic accident.他出了交通事故。
18 accident eJByw     
n.事故,意外的事
参考例句:
  • He had a traffic accident.他出了交通事故。
  • An accident was happened yesterday.昨天发生了一起事故。
19 although 2Liyg     
conj(=though)虽然,即使,纵然,尽管
参考例句:
  • Although my car is very old,It'still runs very well.我的汽车虽然很旧,但仍然跑得很快。
  • Although he worked hard,he failed in the exam.虽然他很努力,但他考试没有及格。
20 exam qnRxI     
n.(=examination)检查;考试
参考例句:
  • I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试。
  • His exam results were good.他的测验成绩不错。
21 swimmer agwzzu     
n.游泳者
参考例句:
  • He is not a good swimmer.他不是一个棒游泳者。
  • Bill is both a good swimmer and a good cook.比尔不仅是个游泳好手,而且是个烹调能手。
22 everybody gnWx5     
pron.每人,人人(=everyone)
参考例句:
  • Christmas is a holiday for everybody.圣诞节是所有人的节日。
  • It is difficult to find a time that suits everybody.很难找到一个对每人都合适的时间。
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