牛津实用英语语法 300 wish+ 主语+ 虚拟过去时
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-03-19 08:36 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

A wishthat+ 主语+ 过去时(虚拟语气;参见第290B)这一结构用于对目前的情况表示遗憾:

I wish I knew his address

但愿我知道他的地址就好了。相当于:

Im sorry I dont know his address

很遗憾,我不知道他的地址。

I wish you could1 drive a car

我真希望你会开车。相当于:

Im sorry you cant drive a car

真可惜你不会开车。

I wish hs was2 coming with us

我多希望他能跟我们一起来。相当于:

Im sorry he isnt coming with us

真遗憾他不能跟我们一起来。

wish可用在过去时中而不改变虚拟的意思:

He wished he knew the address

他多希望他知道那个地址。相当于:

He was sorry he didnt know the address

他感到遗憾他不知道那个地址。

在间接引语中,虚拟过去时形式不用变化:

I wish I lived nearer my work,’he said3

“但愿我住得离工作地再近点,”他说。相当于:

He said he wished he lived nearer his work

他说但愿他能住得离工作地再近点。

B wishthat+ 主语+ 过去完成时(虚拟语气)表示对过去的情况表示遗憾:

I wishthat I hadnt spent so much money

但愿我没花掉这么多钱就好了。相当于:

Im sorry I spent so much money

真后悔我花去了这么多钱。

I wish you had4 written to him

但愿你给他写过信就好了。相当于:

Im sorry you didnt write to him

真遗憾你没有给他写信。

wished可代替wish而不改变虚拟的意思:

I wished I hadnt spent so much money.相当于:

I was sorry I had spent so much money

(译文同上。)

变为间接引语时,这些动词不用变化:

I wished I had taken his advice5,’she said

“但愿我当时听了他的劝告就好了,”她说。相当于:

Shesaid she wished she had taken his advice

她(说她)但愿当时听了他的劝告就好了。

C if only的用法与此完全相同。它的意思与 wish相同,只是比wish更生动:

If only we knew where to look for him

如果我们知道上哪里去找他就好了!

If only she had asked someones advice

假如她早请教别人一下就好了!



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 could lzvxe     
v.能,可能(can的过去式);aux.v.(can的过去式)能;可以
参考例句:
  • Could I open the window?我可以打开窗子吗?
  • I could wait ten minutes.我可以等十分钟。
2 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
3 said IYtxh     
v.动词say的过去式、过去分词
参考例句:
  • He said to me that he could not come.他对我说他不能来。
  • He said to his mother that he would do it by himself.他对他的母亲说他将自己独立做那件事。
4 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
5 advice YN1zo     
n.忠告,建议,劝告
参考例句:
  • After all my advice, he still went his own way.在我苦口婆心地相劝后,他仍然一意孤行。
  • You should seek advice from your lawyer on this matter.你应该征求你的律师对这件事的意见。
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