虽然 “hard” 和 “hardly” 从拼写上看只差两个字母，但它们的意思和用法却大相径庭。其中，“hard” 作形容词时的主要意思包括 “坚硬的”、“困难的” 和 “辛苦的”，作副词时可以表示 “努力地”；“hardly” 是副词，表示 “几乎不”。

 

用法总结

1 形容词 “hard” 最常见的含义有 “坚硬的”、“困难的” 和 “辛苦的”。

 

Ow – that ball is hard.

 

Calculus¹ is hard.

 

That was really hard work.

 

2 副词 “hard” 可以表示 “努力地，辛苦地”。

 

I've been running hard.

 

3 副词 “hardly” 的意思是 “几乎不”。

 

This is too small. I can hardly read it.

 

“Hardly” 与 “any” 搭配，表数量： “几乎没有”。

 

There is hardly any water in this cup.

 

“Hardly” 与 “ever” 搭配，表频率： “几乎从不”。

 

I hardly ever play basketball.

 

4 用下面三个句子来练习辨析 “hard” 和 “hardly” 的用法：

 

It's hard for me to play tennis, because I hardly ever train.

 

I can hardly walk afterwards, because I've been running hard.

 

I often get hurt because the ball's hard and there's hardly any time to get out of the way!

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