2006年英语全程知识点总结初二(上)
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

初二年级(上)


【知识梳理】
I. 重点短语
1. on time
2. best wishes
3. give a talk
4. for example
5. short for
6. a waste3 of time
7. go on a field5 trip
8. go fishing
9. I agree6
10. next week
11. the day after tomorrow
12. have a picnic
13. have some problems7 doing sth.
14. go the wrong way
15. hurry up
 16. get together
 17. in the open air
 18. on Mid-Autumn Day
 19. come over
20. have to
21. get home
 22. agree with
 23. in the country
 24. in town
 25. all the same
 26. in front of
 27. on the left/right side
 28. next to
 29. up and down
 30. keep healthy
 31. grow up
 32. at the same time
 33. the day before yesterday
 35. last Saturday
 36. half an hour ago
 37. a moment ago
 38. just now
 39. by the way
 40. all the time
 41. at first
II. 重要句型
1. have fun doing sth.
2. Why don’t you…?
3. We’re going9 to do sth.
4. start with sth.
5. Why not…?
6. Are you going to…?
7. be friendly10 to sb.
8. You’d better do sth.
9. ask sb. for sth.
10. say goodbye to sb.
11. Good luck(with sb)!
III. 交际用语
1.Welcome backto school!
2.Excuse me. I’m sorry I’m late, because the traffic11 is bad. 
3.It doesn’t matter.
4.Happy Teachers’ Day !
5.That’s a good idea.
6.What are you going to do?
7.Where are we going ?
8.What are we going to do ?
9.I’m good at…
10.It’s not far from…
11. Are you free12 tomorrow evening?
12.Would13 you and Lily14 like to come over to my home for Mid-Autumn Festival?
13.I’m glad you can come.
14.Thanks for asking us.
15.How about another one?
16.May I have a taste?
17.Let me walk with you.
18.What do you have to do?
19.Do you live on a farm?
20.Which do you like better, the city or the country?
21.Which do you like best, dogs, cats or chickens?
22.Shall15 we go at ten? Good idea!
23.---Let’s make it half past one. ---OK.
24.---Why not come a little earlier? ---All right.
25.Excuse me. Where’s the nearest post office, please?
26.It’s over there on the right.
27.I’m sorry I don’t know.
28.You’d better…
29.Thank you all the same.
30.Which bus do I take?
31.Go along16 this road.
32.What day was2 it yesterday?
33.I’m sorry to hear that.
34.I hope17 you’re better now.
35.Why did18 you call me?
36.I called to tell…
IV. 重要语法
1.be going to的用法;
2.形容词的比较级、最高级;
3.形容词和副词的比较
4.一般过去时
【名师讲解】
1. on the street / in the street
 表示“在街上”时,on the street 和 in the street 都可以,在美国多用on the street, 在英国多用in the street. 例如:
 We have a house in the street. 我们在街上有座房子。
 I met him on the street. 我在街上遇见了他。
2. would like / like
 would like 和 like含义不同。like 意思是“喜欢”,“爱好”,而 would like 意思是“想要”。试比较:
  I like beer.=I’m fond19 of beer.  我喜欢喝啤酒。
  I’d like a glass of beer= I want a glass of beer. 我想要一杯啤酒。
  Do you like going to the cinema?  你喜欢看电影吗?
  Would you like to go to the cinema tonight?  你今晚想去看电影吗?
3. another / the other
 (1)another 通常用于三个或三个以上或不确定数量中的任意一个人或 物体。 例如:
 May I have another apple, please? 请在给我一个苹果好吗?
This coat is too small for me. Please show me another这件外套我穿太小,请再给我拿一件看看。
  (2)the other 通常指两者中的另一个。例如:
He has two rulers. One is short. The other is long. 他有两把尺子,一把短的,另一把长的。
I have two brothers. One works20 in Xi’an . The other works in Beijing. 我有两个兄弟,一个在西安工作,另一个在北京工作。
4. have to /must
 (1)have to和 must 都可以用来谈论义务,但用法略有不同。如果某人主观上觉得必须去做而又想去时,常用must。如果谈论某种来自“外界”的义务,常用have to。例如:
 I must stop smoking21. 我必须戒烟。(自己想戒烟)
 They have to work for the boss22.
 他们不得不为那个老板工作。(条件逼得他们去工作)
 (2)have to 可用于多种时态,must 只能用于一般现在时。例如:
 I’ll have to get up early tomorrow morning.明天早晨我必须早早起床。
 We had23 to work long hours every day in order24 to get more money.
 为了多挣钱,我们不得不每天长时间地工作。
    (3)用于否定句时,mustn’t意思是“决不能”,“禁止”,而don’t have to意思是“不必”,相当于needn’t。例如:
      You mustn’t be late again next time.下一次你决不能再迟到。
      You don’t have to go there today. You can go there tomorrow.
      你今天不必到那里去了。你可以明天去。
5. hear sb. or sth.doing sth. / herar sb. or sth. do sth.
 hear sb. or sth.doing sth.意思是“听到某人或某物在做某事”,而hear sb. or sth. do sth.意思是“听到某人或某物做过某事”。试比较:
 I hear him singing an English song.听见他在唱英歌曲。
 I heard him sing an English song.我听见他唱一首英文歌。
 类似hear 这种用法的还有see, watch, listen, feel等感官动词。
6. any /some
 any和some 都可以同不可数名词和可数名词的复数形式连用,但some一般用在肯定句中;any用在疑问句和否定句中。试比较:
 I want some money. 我想要点钱。
 Have you any money? 你有钱吗?
 I don’t have any money. 我一点钱也没有。
 some 有时也用于疑问句,表示说话人期待一个肯定回答或鼓励人家说“是”。例如:
 Would you like some more beer?请你再来点啤酒好吗?
 Could I have some rice, please?请给我来点米饭好吗?
7. hear /listen to
 listen to 和hear 都有“听”的意思,但含义有所不同。Listen to强调“听”的动作,hear 强调“听”的结果。例如:
     Listen to me ,please! I’m going to tell you a story. 请听我说!我给你们讲个故事。
     Listen! Can you hear someone25 crying in the next room? 听!你能听见有人在隔壁房间里哭吗?
     I listened, but heard nothing.我听了听,但什么也听不见。
 hear 后面如果接宾语从句,常常表示“听说”。例如:
     I hear some foreign26 students will visit our school.我听说一些外国学生将要访问我们学校。
     I hear there is going to be a film in our school this evening.我听说今晚我们学校要演一场电影。             
 8. Let’s… /Let us…
 Let’s… 和Let us… 都表示“让我们……”, 如果us 包括听话人在内,其含义相同,附带问句用shall we. 如果us 不包括听话人在内,其含义不同,Let us…的附带问句要用will you。例如:
    Let’s go shopping, shall we? 我们去购物好吗?
9. take/ bring/ carry /get
 这四个动词都有“拿”和“带”的意思,但含义有所不同。take意为“带走”,“拿走”,bring意为“带来”,“拿来”, get表示“到别的地方把某人或某物带来或拿来”,carry不强调方向,带有负重的意思。试比较:
 My parents often take me there on holidays.我父母常常带我到那里去度假。
 I’m going to take you to Beijing.我准备带你去北京。
 Bring me a cup of tea, please.请给我端杯茶来。
 I’ll bring the book to you tomorrow.明天我把那本书给你带来。
 The waiter carried the me to the table服务员把肉送到桌上。
 The monkey carried the bag on her back.猴子把那个包背在背上。
 She went back to get her handbag27.他折回去拿他的手提包。
 Let me get the doctor.让我去请医生吧。    
10. far away /faraway
  (1)far away是一个副词短语,意思是“很远”。例如:
 Some are far away. Some are nearer.有些离得很远,有些离得近一些的。
 The village is far away from here.那个村子离这儿很远。
   (2)faraway是一个形容词,意思是“遥远的”,可以在句中作定语。例如:
 He lives in faraway mountain village.他住在一个遥远的小山村。
11. find / look for
 find和look for 都有“找”的意思,但含义不同。find 强调“找”的结果,而look for 强调“找”的过程。请看下列例句:
 He is looking for his bike.他在找他的自行车。
 I’m looking for my watch, but can’t find it.我在找我的手表,但是找不到。
 I hope you will soon find your lost ring.希望你尽快找到丢失的戒指。
 另外,find还有“发现”;“感到”等意思。例如:
 I found28 a wallet29 in the desk.我在课桌里发现了一个钱包。
 I find this book very interesting.我觉得这本书很有意思。
 12. in front of /in the front of
 In front of 表示在某物的前面,不在某物的范围内。In the front of 表示在某物的前部,在某物的范围内。试比较:
 My seat30 is in front of Mary’s.我的座位在玛丽座位的前面。
 He is sitting in the front of the car with the driver.他和司机坐在小车的前部。
【考点扫描】
1. be going to的用法;
2. 形容词的比较级、最高级;
3. 形容词和副词的比较
4. 一般过去时
5. 本单元学过的词汇、短语和句型;
6. 本单元学过的日常交际用语。
【中考范例】
1. (2004年烟台市中考试题)
  In the exam1, the ________ you are, the ________ mistakes31 you’ll make.
  A. carefully32, little        B. more carefully, fewest
  C. more careful, fewer    D. more careful, less
 【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是形容词和副词的比较以及他们的比较等级的用法。第一个空应填形容词careful的比较级,因为它在句中作表语,第二个空应填few的比较级,因为它修饰的是复数可数名词。
 2. (2004年河北省中考试题)
   Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.
   A. so careful  B. as4 carefully as  C. carefully  D. as careful as
 【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是形容词和副词的用法比较。该空应填副词,因为它修饰的是动词does。该题用的是not as+副词+as的结构,所以答案应是B。
 3. (2004年重庆市中考试题)
   That day I saw33 some parents _________ at the back of the classroom, ________ to the teacher.
   A. sitting, listened                    B. sat8, listened
   C. sitting, listening                    D. sat, listening
 【解析】答案:C。该题考查的是see sb. doing sth.的句型结构和分词作状语的用法。第一个空stting在句中作saw的宾语补足语,第二个空listening做伴随状语。
 4. (2004年杭州市中考试题)
   You ________ open the door before the train gets into the station.
   A. don’t have to  B. mustn’t  C. needn’t  D. may not
 【解析】答案:B。该题考查的是几个情态动词否定式的用法区别。don’t have to和needn’t的意思都是“不必”,may not的意思是“可以不”,只有mustn’t表示“不许”,“禁止”。

 



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 exam qnRxI     
n.(=examination)检查;考试
参考例句:
  • I hope to pass this exam.我希望通过这次考试。
  • His exam results were good.他的测验成绩不错。
2 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
3 waste 4MIzi     
v.浪费;滥用
参考例句:
  • Ah!This is a waste of time!啊,真是浪费时间!
  • If you give her money,she'll only waste it.如果你把这笔钱给她,她只会把它浪费掉。
4 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
5 field qksxD     
adj.野外;n.地,田地
参考例句:
  • Go into the field and clear those boys off.到田里去把那些男孩赶走。
  • He is going across the field.他正穿越田野。
6 agree DKSyI     
vi.同意,赞成,承认,适合;vt.同意
参考例句:
  • I totally agree with you.我完全同意你的看法。
  • They could not agree about who should do the work.对于谁该做这项工作,他们意见不一致。
7 problems 8d8a1b73876ca678cc3afa372e5199de     
n.问题( problem的名词复数 );疑难问题;习题;思考题
参考例句:
  • It was an action replay of the problems of his first marriage. 这是他第一次婚姻问题的重演。
  • a few admin problems 一些行政问题
8 sat fYCxN     
v.(sit的过去式,过去分词)坐
参考例句:
  • He sat on a chair.他坐在椅子上。
  • The mother sat by the sick child all night long.妈妈整夜守在生病的孩子身旁。
9 going dsHzY9     
n.去,离去,地面(或道路)的状况,工作情况;(复数形式)goings: 行为;adj.进行中的,流行的,现存的
参考例句:
  • We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
  • He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。
10 friendly WhVxz     
adj.友好的,和气的
参考例句:
  • He's not friendly to others.他对别人不友好。
  • People here are very friendly.这儿的人很友好。
11 traffic gn1w4     
adj.交通的;n.交通;vi.交易,买卖
参考例句:
  • That will help the traffic.这会促进交通状况。
  • He had a traffic accident.他出了交通事故。
12 free ziYxM     
adj.自由的,免费的;v.使自由;adv.随意地
参考例句:
  • I don't have much free time.我没有多少空闲时间。
  • There really is no free lunch.天下果然没有免费的午餐。
13 would 8fPwB     
aux.will的过去式;愿,要;常常;大概;将要,会
参考例句:
  • Why would you say that?为什么你会这么说?
  • Would you please help me?你能帮帮我吗?
14 lily c12xZ     
n.百合,百合花,睡莲
参考例句:
  • She is as fair as lily.她像百合花一样美。
  • She destroyed a lily flower.她破坏了一朵百合花.
15 shall lzFwQ     
v.aux.(主要用于第一人称)将
参考例句:
  • I shall always love you.我将永远爱你。
  • Which club shall we join?我们要参加哪个社团?
16 along 6L6ym     
adv.一道,一起;prep.沿着,顺着
参考例句:
  • Would you like to come along?你想一起去吗?
  • They walked slowly along the road.他们沿着公路慢慢走。
17 hope Kcwx9     
vt.希望,期望;vi.希望,期待;n.希望,期望
参考例句:
  • We hope you can come.我们希望你能来。
  • Hope you'll enjoy yourself there.愿您度过愉快的一天。
18 did SvwxP     
v.动词do的过去式
参考例句:
  • How many goals did you score in the last game?上一场比赛你们进了几个球?
  • Why did you choose basketball in the first place?你为何首先选择篮球呢?
19 fond j6dyx     
adj.喜爱的,多情的,喜欢的
参考例句:
  • Volleyball is a sport of which I am very fond.排球是我很喜欢的运动。
  • I was fond of playing on the beach when I was young.小的时候,我喜欢在河滩上玩耍。
20 works ieuzIh     
n.作品,著作;工厂,活动部件,机件
参考例句:
  • We expect writers to produce more and better works.我们期望作家们写出更多更好的作品。
  • The novel is regarded as one of the classic works.这篇小说被公认为是最优秀的作品之一。
21 smoking NilzKh     
n.吸烟,抽烟;冒烟
参考例句:
  • He was wise to give up smoking.他戒烟是明智的。
  • He has decided to cut out smoking and drinking.他已决心戒烟、戒酒。
22 boss cRIyK     
n.老板,上司;v.指挥,控制
参考例句:
  • When the boss gets mad, leave him alone.当老板生气时,不要理他。
  • I'm my own boss.我自己当自己的老板。
23 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
24 order iJJxt     
n.订单;命令;n.顺序,整齐;勋章;阶级,决议;vt.命令; 调整;定购
参考例句:
  • His desk is always in order.他的书桌上总是整整齐齐的。
  • You pay for it at the time you order it.订购时就得付款。
25 someone Cwvw3     
pron.某人,有人
参考例句:
  • I can hear someone knocking.我听到有人敲门。
  • Someone wants to see her.有人找她。
26 foreign AiVxr     
adj.外国的;在外国的;来自外国的
参考例句:
  • Are you interested in foreign languages? 你对外语感兴趣吗?
  • To welcome our foreign friends. 欢迎我们的外国朋友。
27 handbag prNzaA     
n.手提袋,女用提包
参考例句:
  • The girl bought a nice handbag.这女孩买了一个精致的手提包。
  • Why do not you clean out your handbag? 你为何不把你的手提包清理干净呢?
28 found 8i5xD     
v.建立,创立,创办;vbl.(find的过去分词)找到
参考例句:
  • I found him at home.我发现他在家。
  • The United Nations was found in 1945.联合国于1945年成立。
29 wallet 4hnwU     
n.皮夹,钱包
参考例句:
  • I keep my wallet in an inside pocket.我把钱包放在里面的口袋里。
  • It is terrible that she lost her wallet.糟透了,她丢失了钱包。
30 seat jZyxF     
n.座,座位,位子,席位;所在地;vt.使坐下,使就座,设座于
参考例句:
  • Go back to your seat.回到你的坐位去。
  • Which seat do you prefer?你更喜欢哪个位置?
31 mistakes da8b7b425f27e56f235ef62a4b5aed51     
n.错误( mistake的名词复数 );过失;误解;(用词或数字上的)错误v.弄错,误解( mistake的第三人称单数 );认不出;误会;看错
参考例句:
  • In her haste to complete the work on time, she made a number of mistakes. 她急急忙忙想按时完工,结果出了不少错。
  • Be humble enough to learn from your mistakes. 要虚心地从自己的错误中学习。
32 carefully FTDyE     
adv.仔细地;小心地
参考例句:
  • If you watch carefully you will see how to do it. 如果你仔细观察,你就会看出如何做此事了。
  • Now listen carefully everybody.请大家仔细地听。
33 saw ts3yA     
vbl.看见(see的过去式);n.锯;v.用锯子锯
参考例句:
  • Would you like to saw a tree for me?你能为我锯棵树吗?
  • The moment I saw you,I knew you were angry with me.我一看到你,就知道你在生我的气。
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