寒假英语总动员知新篇状语从句大party一
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

  状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

  一、时间状语从句

  要点: 时间状语从句,由以下连词引导:

  when while1 as2 after before as soon as since3 till4 /until5 by the time 在时间状语从句中,要注意时态一致。一般情况下主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时。

  1.when当。。。的时候

  Mozart6 started writing7 music when he was8 four years old.

  (当)莫扎特的时候,开始写音乐作品。

  2.while当。。。时

  He visited a lot of places while he was traveling9.

  他在旅途中参观了许多地方。

  3.as在。。。的同时;一边。。。一边。。。

  He smiled as he stood10 up.

  他一边站起来一边笑着。

  4.after在。。。之后

  He left the classroom after he had11 finished12 his homework the other day.

  前几天做完作业之后回的家。

  5.before 在。。。之前

  Mr. Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came13 here.

  布朗先生来这之前已经在一家银行里工作一年了。

  6.as soon as 一。。。就。。。

  We began to work as soon as we got14 there.

  我们一到那就开始工作。

  I will write to you as soon as I get home.

  我一到家就给你写信。

  7.since 自。。。以来 到现在

  表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时。

  Mr Green has taught15 in that school since he came to China three years ago.

  自格林先生来中国以来,他就在这所学校教书。

  (还可以用作介词,本句从句还可以用短语:since three years ago(自三年前以来)表示。)

  8 till /until

  都可以作连词,连接时间状语,也可以作介词,与其它词构成介词短语,在句中作状语。

  They walked till /until it was dark16.

  他们一直走到天黑。

  Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.

  小明直到他爸爸回来才离开家。

  9. by the time 到。。。为止 (所在句子的主句应用完成时)

  By the time he gets there , his father has already17 gone.

  他到家的时候,他爸爸已经走了。

  By the time I got to school, the class had already began.

  我到校时,已经开始上课了。

  难点——as when while的辨析

  as when while都表示主、从句动作同时发生,三者差异如下:

  表示“一边。。。一边"的意思

  as 强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时

  用于发生时间较段时

  when 1、还可以表示从句动词的动作在主几句动词的动作"之前 "或"之后"发生。

  2、when=and then; at that moment (正在那个时候)

  while 1、用于时间较长时

  2、 强调两个动作同时进行,并表示对比时

  有时这三个连词可以互换,有时不可以。

  lIt was raining hard when (as) I got there.

  我到那里时,正在下大雨。 ( 动作同时发生,when可换为as, 但不能换为while,因为get是点动词.)

  lWhen I had read the article18, he called me.

  我看完这篇文章之后,她给我打了电话。( 从句动作发生在主句之前,注意时态表达,只能用when )

  lWhen I got to the cinema, the film had begun.

  (当)我到了电影院时,电影已经开演了。(从句的动作发生在主句之后,只能用when,并要注意时态)

  lHe was about to leave, when the telephone rang.

  他正要离开,忽然电话响了。( 此时不能放在句首。主句动词一般表达 “正在” “即将”.

  while, as不能代替 ) 考点

  lShe thought19 I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact20, I was talking about my daughter.

  他以为我在谈她女儿,然而,实际上在谈论我女儿。(表转折,对比,when, as都不能代替它) 考点

  lWhile the alien21 was buying a souvenir22, the girl called the police23.

  

外星人买纪念品时,那女孩给警察打了电话。(表示主句,从句的动作同时发生,while后引导的状语从句的动词必须是延续动词不能是点动词,因为它表示较长时间)考点

  lMother was worried24 because little Alice was ill, especially25 as (when/ while) father was away.

  妈妈担心,因为小爱丽丝病了,特别是他父亲不在家的时候。(此时as ,when, while可通用)

  知识扩展

  1. It is since从。。。以来多长时间了(因为since +从句或名词,表示一段时间)

  It is five years since we met last time.从我们上次见面已经五年了。

  2. It is +before…(。。。才)

  It was a long time before I went to sleep again.

  过了很长时间我才睡着。

  It was an hour before(=until) the police arrived.

  过了一个小时,警察才来。

  二、条件状语从句

  要点: 表示状语从句由连词if, unless26 (=if not) 引导。

  1.If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking27.

  如果明天不下雨, 我们就去远足.

  2.You will get good grades if you study hard.

  如果你努力学习,就会取得好成绩.

  3.I will go to the party unless he goes there too.

  我不会去参加聚会的, 除非他也去.(如果他不去,我也不去.)

  4.You will be late unless you leave immediately28.

  如果你不马上走,你将会迟到的.(=If you don’t leave immediately, you will be late.)

  难点提示:用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用,当主句是将来时的时候,从句要用一般现在时.

  lHe will not leave if it isn’t fine tomorrow.

  一般将来时, 一般现在时

  lThey are going29 to have a picnic if it doesn’t rain next week.

  一般将来时, 一般现在时 考点

 三、原因状语从句

  要点: 由连词because, since, as引导, 也可由for, now that 等词引导

  1.I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.

  我昨天没去上学,因为我生病了。

  2. Since everybody30 is here, let’s begin our meeting31.

  既然大家都来了, 让我们开始开会吧.

  3. As you are in poor health32, you should not stay up late.

  既然你身体不好, 你就不该熬夜.

  4.I asked her to stay to tea, for I had something to tell her.

  我请她留下来喝茶,因为我有事要告诉她.

  .难点——because , since , as , for,辨析

  在语气上,because 最重, 表示的是直接理由,回答why 时只能用它. 其次是since, as ,一般不表示原因, 而是表明理由, 进一步说明.(译为:由于,既然). for 被认为是复合句的并列连词(常用于推断),表示理由.



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1 while IeZz7W     
conj.当…的时候;而;虽然;尽管 n.一会儿
参考例句:
  • In a short while,the cat ate up the fish.不久,那只猫便将鱼吃个精光。
  • He teaches English in the school all the while.他一直在这所学校里教英语。
2 as pNiyL     
conj.按照;如同
参考例句:
  • He got work in a hotel as a waiter.他在一家旅馆找到了当服务生的工作。
  • In the hotel,the old men were drinking away as usual.在旅馆里,这些老人和往常一样喝个不停。
3 since syswX     
adv.后来;conj.既然,因为,自从;prep.自从
参考例句:
  • He's been working in a bank since leaving school.自从毕业后,他就一直在一家银行工作。
  • I have known him ever since I was a child.我自孩提时代起就已经认识他了。
4 till dovwL     
conj.直到(...为止);n.(账台中)放钱的抽屉;prep.直到;pron.直到...为止,直到;vt.耕种
参考例句:
  • It was not till 11 o'clock that he came back last night.昨晚直到11点他才回来。
  • You can come to my house till all hours.你多晚来我家都没关系。
5 until cjnw3     
prep.直到...为止;conj.直到...时才...
参考例句:
  • He arrived home until midnight.他直到半夜才到家。
  • She didn't sleep until midnight.她直到半夜才睡。
6 Mozart GnSzgp     
n.莫扎特(奥地利作曲家)
参考例句:
  • Mozart was a great musician.莫扎特是伟大的音乐家。
  • Will we ever see the like of Mozart again?我们还会再见到莫扎特那样的天才吗?
7 writing aeGzKN     
n.写,写作;著作,文学作品
参考例句:
  • I am also writing a short story.我也写短篇小说。
  • Do you like writing for children?你愿意为儿童写作吗?
8 was bglwv     
v.(is,am的过去式)是,在
参考例句:
  • He said he was right.他说他是正确的。
  • He was cold and hungry.他又冷又饿。
9 traveling OgdzXo     
adj.同行的;活动的;移动的n.带球走步,走步违例
参考例句:
  • Government officials who travel on business are given traveling allowances. 因公出差的政府官员享有出差补贴。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The contents of the packet may shake down in traveling. 袋子里的东西经摇晃会沉到底部。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 stood AuEwX     
vbl.stand的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • She stood up when they came in.当他们进来时,她站了起来。
  • The child stood by the side of his mother.孩子站在母亲身边。
11 had FeBxb     
vbl.have的过去式和过去分词;conj.有
参考例句:
  • I just had a good idea!我有个好主意!
  • The boy had a small branch of a tree in his hand.这个男孩手上拿一条小树枝。
12 finished otFzWn     
adj.完成的,精湛的;v.动词finish的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • We finished up everything there was on the table. 我们把桌上的东西全吃完了。
  • We can certainly have the job finished on time.我们肯定能按时完成任务。
13 came xTYyl     
v.动词come的过去式
参考例句:
  • I was surprised why he came here so early.他为什么那么早到这里,我很惊奇。
  • The doctor came in time to save his life.医生及时来抢救他的生命。
14 got wfuxi     
v.(get的过去式)得到,猜到,明白
参考例句:
  • I just got some bad news.我刚得到一些坏消息。
  • I have got far too much work to do.我要做的事太多了。
15 taught Sq2wK     
v.teach的过去式过去分词
参考例句:
  • Children must be taught to be careful of traffic.必须教育孩子要当心车辆。
  • Miss Brown taught my daughter last year.去年是布朗小姐教我女儿的。
16 dark gOQzT     
adj.黑色的;暗的;黑暗的
参考例句:
  • The night is too dark for us to see.夜间太暗,我们看不见。
  • The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.月亮出来时,天空是深蓝色的,非常晴朗。
17 already wLByk     
adv.已经
参考例句:
  • We have eaten already.我们已经吃过了。
  • I've been there already,so I don't want to go again.我早已去过那里了,所以我不想再去了。
18 article Zvrz1     
n.文章,物品,条款;冠词
参考例句:
  • The article is very important.这篇文章很重要。
  • Can you translate this article for me?你能替我翻译这篇文章吗?
19 thought 1oMwg     
n.想法,思想,思维,思潮,关心,挂念;v.vbl.think的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • It was just a thought.这仅仅是一个想法。
  • She thought he had a cold.她认为他感冒了。
20 fact olRxe     
n.事实,实情,论据
参考例句:
  • It is close to fact.这更接近于事实。
  • I'm going there tomorrow,as a matter of fact.其实,我明天是准备去那里。
21 alien oKoyY     
n.外星人,外国人;adj.外国的;相异的;异己的;与...格格不入的;与...不同的;不相容的;外来的;adj.(常与to连用)与…相反的;与…不同的
参考例句:
  • Jim is an alien in this film.吉姆在这部电影里是个外星人。
  • Their ideas are alien to our way of thinking.他们的思想和我们的想法不同。
22 souvenir 7FGzA     
n.纪念品,纪念物
参考例句:
  • Please accept this little gift as a souvenir.请留下这个小小礼物作为纪念。
  • I was going to save that as a souvenir.我本来准备把它做为纪念品保存下来的。
23 police rOKxD     
n.警察,警察当局,治安,公安;vt.维持治安,警备,管辖
参考例句:
  • They sent him over to the police.他们将他遣送警察局。
  • It took the police only several days to break the case.警察只用了几天就破案了。
24 worried petzJ1     
adj.烦恼的,为难的,焦虑的
参考例句:
  • He was worried about the safety of me.他为我的安全担心。
  • He worried his father to buy a new car.他苦苦缠着父亲要买一辆新车。
25 especially inCxy     
adv.特别,尤其,格外;专门地,主要地
参考例句:
  • I like to swim,especially in the sea.我喜欢游泳,尤其喜欢在大海中游泳。
  • I am especially by math problems.我对数学问题特别感兴趣。
26 unless SjOwz     
conj.如果不,除非
参考例句:
  • You will fail unless you work hard.如果你不积极工作,就会失败。
  • Don't ask me to explain unless you really don't understand.不要叫我解释,除非你真的不懂。
27 hiking FrjzNm     
n.徒步旅行
参考例句:
  • He has been hiking round Scotland for a month.他围着苏格兰徒步旅行了一个月。
  • Hiking is not yet popular in China.徒步旅行在中国还不流行。
28 immediately RaWxh     
ad.立即地,即刻地;直接地,紧密地
参考例句:
  • I'll change it immediately for you.我立刻给您换。
  • I immediately become happy again.我立马就变的高兴起来了。
29 going dsHzY9     
n.去,离去,地面(或道路)的状况,工作情况;(复数形式)goings: 行为;adj.进行中的,流行的,现存的
参考例句:
  • We're going to listen to a report this afternoon. 今天下午我们要去听报告。
  • He hates leaving the office and going on holiday.他不愿离开办公室去度假。
30 everybody gnWx5     
pron.每人,人人(=everyone)
参考例句:
  • Christmas is a holiday for everybody.圣诞节是所有人的节日。
  • It is difficult to find a time that suits everybody.很难找到一个对每人都合适的时间。
31 meeting MowzDB     
n.会议;集会
参考例句:
  • Will you be at the meeting?你会来开会吗?
  • We would like to hold the meeting at an early date.我们希望早日举行这次会议。
32 health wdqxs     
n.健康;健康状况
参考例句:
  • Are you in good health?你的身体好吗?
  • I wish you good health and a long life.祝您健康长寿。
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