A future computer might be a lot slimier than the solid silicon¹ devices we have today. In a study published in the journal Materials Today, European researchers reveal details of logic² units built using living slime molds, which might act as the building blocks for computing³ devices and sensors⁴. Andrew Adamatzky (University of the West of England, Bristol, UK) and Theresa Schubert (Bauhaus-University Weimar, Germany) have constructed logical circuits that exploit networks of interconnected slime mold tubes to process information.

 

One is more likely to find the slime mold Physarum polycephalum living somewhere dark and damp rather than in a computer science lab. In its "plasmodium（疟原虫）" or vegetative state, the organism spans its environment with a network of tubes that absorb nutrients⁵. The tubes also allow the organism to respond to light and changing environmental conditions that trigger the release of reproductive spores⁶（孢子）.

 

In earlier work, the team demonstrated that such a tube network could absorb and transport different colored dyes. They then fed it edible⁷ nutrients -- oat flakes⁸ -- to attract tube growth and common salt to repel⁹ them, so that they could grow a network with a particular structure. They then demonstrated how this system could mix two dyes to make a third color as an "output." .

 

Using the dyes with magnetic nanoparticles and tiny fluorescent¹⁰ beads¹¹, allowed them to use the slime mold network as a biological "lab-on-a-chip" device. This represents a new way to build microfluidic devices for processing environmental or medical samples on the very small scale for testing and diagnostics, the work suggests. The extension to a much larger network of slime mold tubes could process nanoparticles and carry out sophisticated Boolean logic operations of the kind used by computer circuitry. The team has so far demonstrated that a slime mold network can carry out XOR or NOR Boolean operations. Chaining together arrays of such logic gates might allow a slime mold computer to carry out binary¹² operations for computation.

 

"The slime mold based gates are non-electronic, simple and inexpensive, and several gates can be realized simultaneously¹³ at the sites where protoplasmic（原生质的） tubes merge," conclude Adamatzky and Schubert.

 

Are we entering the age of the biological computer? Stewart Bland¹⁴, Editor of Materials Today, believes that "although more traditional electronic materials are here to stay, research such as this is helping¹⁵ to push and blur¹⁶ the boundaries of materials science, computer science and biology, and represents an exciting prospect¹⁷ for the future."

 

The research was undertaken in a framework of EU FP7 Project "Physarum Chip" (Unconventional Computing program).

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