大肠杆菌快速检测法问世
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2011-01-16 06:49 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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A simple, automated1 method of tracking E. coli uses a laser to detect and monitor the microbe in potentially contaminated(受污染的) bodies of water or waterways. The technique described this month in the International Journal of Computational Biology and Drug Design could reduce the incidence of waterborne disease(水传疾病) outbreaks. Microbial contamination of water is a worldwide environmental and health problem. Water related diseases are the leading causes of illness and death in the world. The impacts of water quality on public health and economy are highly significant as evidenced by waterborne disease outbreaks, boil water advisories2, contamination of irrigation(灌溉,冲洗) waters, and beach closures. Considerable government and private efforts have been made to improve and monitor water quality.

Beach managers need reliable methods to determine the origins of contaminants in order to reduce those sources and maintain a healthy beach. Sources of fecal(残渣的) contamination in recreational(娱乐的,消遣的) waters are often unknown and/or of non-point origins. Identifying and reducing the sources of fecal contamination for a particular beach is often hindered(阻碍,打扰) by the presence of multiple and diffuse3 sources, natural variability in bacterial4 indicator5 concentrations over space and time, and the dynamic currents, weather patterns, and natural processes that affect these concentrations.

The Indiana Department of Environmental Management (IDEM), for example, has provided substantial funding support to coastal6 communities through the BEACH Act to increase the frequency of beach monitoring. Whereas beach monitoring for fecal bacterial indicators7 such as E. coli is necessary, knowing the source of bacterial contamination is fundamentally important for preventing microbial pollution in water. Simple counts of fecal indicator bacteria do not provide vital information regarding the source of microbial contamination. It is thus necessary to develop scientific techniques for microbial source tracking. With knowledge gained from employment of appropriate methodologies(方法论) , it would be possible to assess risk, choose effective remediation(补救,矫正) strategies, and bring polluted waters into compliance8 with(符合,遵守) regulatory policies.

Now, Bin9 Chen of Purdue University Calumet, and colleagues there and at the University of Minnesota, St Paul, have turned to a laser technique for potential use in microbial source tracking. Their technique uses laser imaging of bacterial colonies and high-resolution optical scattering10 image analysis to identify the host species of E. coli in a sample.

"The water quality of lakes, rivers and streams in many areas has long been monitored in the government and other agencies," the team says, "however, many of them still do not meet the goal of 'fishable and swimmable' because identifying the source of bacterial contamination is difficult." The new technology, demonstrated by Chen and colleagues, could address that shortfall allowing water contamination to be remediated.



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1 automated fybzf9     
a.自动化的
参考例句:
  • The entire manufacturing process has been automated. 整个生产过程已自动化。
  • Automated Highway System (AHS) is recently regarded as one subsystem of Intelligent Transport System (ITS). 近年来自动公路系统(Automated Highway System,AHS),作为智能运输系统的子系统之一越来越受到重视。
2 advisories 838d8e512dfe9504dd8a0f42397c9482     
n.(有关进展、动向、建议等的)报告( advisory的名词复数 );公告;通告;通报
参考例句:
  • Compliance with Practice Advisories is optional. 是否遵守实务公告由审计师自行选择决定。 来自互联网
  • Hardened-PHP: not as such a PHP security information website, but it does have security advisories. 增强PHP:不仅仅是一个PHP安全新的网站,它还提供安全建议。 来自互联网
3 diffuse Al0zo     
v.扩散;传播;adj.冗长的;四散的,弥漫的
参考例句:
  • Direct light is better for reading than diffuse light.直射光比漫射光更有利于阅读。
  • His talk was so diffuse that I missed his point.他的谈话漫无边际,我抓不住他的要点。
4 bacterial dy5z8q     
a.细菌的
参考例句:
  • Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space. 在失重的空间,细菌繁殖加快了。
  • Brain lesions can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
5 indicator i8NxM     
n.指标;指示物,指示者;指示器
参考例句:
  • Gold prices are often seen as an indicator of inflation.黃金价格常常被看作是通货膨胀的指标。
  • His left-hand indicator is flashing.他左手边的转向灯正在闪亮。
6 coastal WWiyh     
adj.海岸的,沿海的,沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
  • This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。
7 indicators f46872fc1b5f08e9d32bd107be1df829     
(仪器上显示温度、压力、耗油量等的)指针( indicator的名词复数 ); 指示物; (车辆上的)转弯指示灯; 指示信号
参考例句:
  • The economic indicators are better than expected. 经济指标比预期的好。
  • It is still difficult to develop indicators for many concepts used in social science. 为社会科学领域的许多概念确立一个指标仍然很难。
8 compliance ZXyzX     
n.顺从;服从;附和;屈从
参考例句:
  • I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
  • She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。
9 bin yR2yz     
n.箱柜;vt.放入箱内;[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件
参考例句:
  • He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
  • He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。
10 scattering 91b52389e84f945a976e96cd577a4e0c     
n.[物]散射;散乱,分散;在媒介质中的散播adj.散乱的;分散在不同范围的;广泛扩散的;(选票)数量分散的v.散射(scatter的ing形式);散布;驱散
参考例句:
  • The child felle into a rage and began scattering its toys about. 这孩子突发狂怒,把玩具扔得满地都是。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The farmers are scattering seed. 农夫们在播种。 来自《简明英汉词典》
TAG标签: water health disease
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