分析震初震波可知地震强度
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2006-10-20 08:34 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

Scientists have found a way to estimate an earthquake's ultimate strength by analyzing1 the initial seconds of a rupture2 -- a step that could one day provide early earthquake warning.

Currently, a quake's magnitude -- or how much energy is released is determined3 after the shaking stops, usually minutes after an event.

But researchers from the University of California, Berkeley, say the measurements of seismic4 waves soon after a temblor can signal whether it will be a minor5 or monster temblor.

They say the information could possibly be used in an alert system to give seconds to tens of seconds of advance notice of an impending6 quake -- enough time for schoolchildren to take cover, power generators7 to trip off and valves to shut on pipelines8.  

"We're not taking about a massive amount of time," said Richard Allen, an assistant professor of earth and planetary science, who led the study.

"But one can use our approach to come up with a magnitude before people have felt the ground shaking."

Details appear in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature. 

  中文:

  美国研究人员最近发现了通过分析地震发生之初的前几秒的震波大小,便可以断定出地震最终强度的方法,从而为未来总有一天能够早些提供地震警报迈出了一步。

  据美联社11月9日报道,目前,地震震级或释放出多少能量只能在地震停止后才能确定。但是,美国加利福尼亚大学的研究人员说,在地震刚刚发生之后产生的震波大小便可显示出这次地震最终是小还是大。

  这些研究人员说,这一信息可用于警报系统,即提前几秒钟或数十秒钟发出地震已迫在眉睫的警报,从而能有足够的时间使孩子们躲到安全的地方,使电机和管道阀关闭。

  地球和行星学助理教授理查德-艾伦说:“我们不能争得很长的时间。但是,我们可以利用这一方法使人们在感到地面在晃动之前向他们提供震级的大小。”

  在这项研究中,艾伦和他的同事们分析了过去几十年在太平洋边缘地带发生的71次较大地震的记录,其中21次地震超过6级。

  关于这项研究的详细报道,刊登在11月10日出版的英国《自然》杂志上。



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 analyzing be408cc8d92ec310bb6260bc127c162b     
v.分析;分析( analyze的现在分词 );分解;解释;对…进行心理分析n.分析
参考例句:
  • Analyzing the date of some socialist countries presents even greater problem s. 分析某些社会主义国家的统计数据,暴露出的问题甚至更大。 来自辞典例句
  • He undoubtedly was not far off the mark in analyzing its predictions. 当然,他对其预测所作的分析倒也八九不离十。 来自辞典例句
2 rupture qsyyc     
n.破裂;(关系的)决裂;v.(使)破裂
参考例句:
  • I can rupture a rule for a friend.我可以为朋友破一次例。
  • The rupture of a blood vessel usually cause the mark of a bruise.血管的突然破裂往往会造成外伤的痕迹。
3 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
4 seismic SskyM     
a.地震的,地震强度的
参考例句:
  • Earthquakes produce two types of seismic waves.地震产生两种地震波。
  • The latest seismic activity was also felt in northern Kenya.肯尼亚北部也感觉到了最近的地震活动。
5 minor e7fzR     
adj.较小(少)的,较次要的;n.辅修学科;vi.辅修
参考例句:
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
6 impending 3qHzdb     
a.imminent, about to come or happen
参考例句:
  • Against a background of impending famine, heavy fighting took place. 即将发生饥荒之时,严重的战乱爆发了。
  • The king convoke parliament to cope with the impending danger. 国王召开国会以应付迫近眉睫的危险。
7 generators 49511c3cf5edacaa03c4198875f15e4e     
n.发电机,发生器( generator的名词复数 );电力公司
参考例句:
  • The factory's emergency generators were used during the power cut. 工厂应急发电机在停电期间用上了。
  • Power can be fed from wind generators into the electricity grid system. 电力可以从风力发电机流入输电网。 来自《简明英汉词典》
8 pipelines 2bee8f0b9bb303b1f1a466fd43666db3     
管道( pipeline的名词复数 ); 输油管道; 在考虑(或规划、准备) 中; 在酿中
参考例句:
  • The oil is carried to the oil refinery by pipelines. 石油通过输油管输送到炼油厂。
  • The oil carried in pipelines. 石油用管道输送。
TAG标签:
发表评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:点击我更换图片