中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法（1）_法律英语

中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法（1）

文章来源：未知文章作者：enread 发布时间：2022-10-26 05:38 字体： [大中小]　进入论坛

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中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法

THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE¹ REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

序言

香港自古以来就是中国的领土，一八四零年鸦片战争以后被英国占领。

Hong Kong has been part of the territory of China since ancient times; it was occupied by Britain after the Opium³ War in 1840.

一九八四年十二月十九日，中英两国政府签署了关于香港问题的联合声明，确认中华人民共和国政府于一九九七年七月一日恢复对香港行使主权，从而实现了长期以来中国人民收回香港的共同愿望。

On 19 December 1984, the Chinese and British Governments signed the Joint⁴ Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong, affirming that the Government of the People's Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997, thus fulfilling the long-cherished common aspiration⁵ of the Chinese people for the recovery of Hong Kong.

为了维护国家的统一和领土完整，保持香港的繁荣和稳定，并考虑到香港的历史和现实情况，国家决定，在对香港恢复行使主权时，根据中华人民共和国宪法第三十一条的规定，设立香港特别行政区，并按照“一个国家，两种制度”的方针，不在香港实行社会主义的制度和政策。国家对香港的基本方针政策，已由中国政府在中英联合声明中予以阐明。

Upholding national unity⁶ and territorial⁷ integrity, maintaining the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, and taking account of its history and realities, the People's Republic of China has decided⁸ that upon China's resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, a Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be established in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, and that under the principle of "one country, two systems," the socialist⁹ system and policies will not be practised in Hong Kong. The basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong have been elaborated by the Chinese Government in the Sino-British Joint Declaration.

根据中华人民共和国宪法，全国人民代表大会特制定中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法，规定香港特别行政区实行的制度，以保障国家对香港的基本方针政策的实施。

In accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the National People's Congress hereby enacts¹⁰ the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, prescribing the systems to be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, in order to ensure the implementation¹¹ of the basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong.

第一章总则

Chapter I General Principles

第一条香港特别行政区是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分。

Article 1 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is an inalienable part of the people's Republic of China.

第二条全国人民代表大会授权香港特别行政区依照本法的规定实行高度自治，享有行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权。

Article 2 The National People's Congress authorizes¹² the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to exercise a high degree of autonomy and enjoy executive, legislative¹³ and independent judicial¹⁴ power, including that of final adjudication, in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第三条香港特别行政区的行政机关和立法机关由香港永久性居民依照本法有关规定组成。

Article 3 The executive authorities and legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be composed of permanent residents of Hong Kong in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

第四条香港特别行政区依法保障香港特别行政区居民和其他人的权利和自由。

Article 4 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall safeguard the rights and freedoms of the residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and of other persons in the Region in accordance with law.

第五条香港特别行政区不实行社会主义制度和政策，保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式，五十年不变。

Article 5 The socialist system and policies shall not be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the previous capitalist system and way of life shall remain unchanged for 50 years.

第六条香港特别行政区依法保护私有财产权。

Article 6 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall protect the right of private ownership of property in accordance with law.

第七条香港特别行政区境内的土地和自然资源属于国家所有，由香港特别行政区政府负责管理、使用、开发、出租或批给个人、法人或团体使用或开发，其收入全归香港特别行政区政府支配。

Article 7 The land and natural resources within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be State property. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for their management, use and development and for their lease or grant to individuals, legal persons or organizations for use or development. The revenues derived¹⁵ therefrom shall be exclusively at the disposal of the government of the Region.

第八条香港原有法律，即普通法、衡平法、条例、附属立法和习惯法，除同本法相抵触或经香港特别行政区的立法机关作出修改者外，予以保留。

Article 8 The laws previously¹⁶ in force in Hong Kong, that is, the common law, rules of equity¹⁷, ordinances¹⁸, subordinate legislation and customary law shall be maintained, except for any that contravene¹⁹ this Law, and subject to any amendment²⁰ by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第九条香港特别行政区的行政机关、立法机关和司法机关，除使用中文外，还可使用英文，英文也是正式语文。

Article 9 In addition to the Chinese language, English may also be used as an official language by the executive authorities, legislature and judiciary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第十条香港特别行政区除悬挂中华人民共和国国旗和国徽外，还可使用香港特别行政区区旗和区徽。

Article 10 Apart from displaying the national flag and national emblem²¹ of the People's Republic of China, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may also use a regional flag and regional emblem.

香港特别行政区的区旗是五星花蕊的紫荆花红旗。

The regional flag of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a red flag with a bauhinia highlighted by five star-tipped stamens.

香港特别行政区的区徽，中间是五星花蕊的紫荆花，周围写有“中华人民共和国香港特别行政区”和英文“香港”。

The regional emblem of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a bauhinia in the centre highlighted by five star-tipped stamens and encircled by the words "Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China" in Chinese and "HONG KONG" in English.

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收听单词发音

1 administrative
adj.行政的，管理的
参考例句：
The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。 He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

2 preamble
n.前言；序文
参考例句：
He spoke without preamble.他没有开场白地讲起来。 The controversy has arisen over the text of the preamble to the unification treaty.针对统一条约的序文出现了争论。

3 opium
n.鸦片；adj.鸦片的
参考例句：
That man gave her a dose of opium.那男人给了她一剂鸦片。 Opium is classed under the head of narcotic.鸦片是归入麻醉剂一类的东西。

4 joint
adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合
参考例句：
I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。 We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

5 aspiration
n.志向，志趣抱负；渴望；(语)送气音；吸出
参考例句：
Man's aspiration should be as lofty as the stars.人的志气应当象天上的星星那么高。 Young Addison had a strong aspiration to be an inventor.年幼的爱迪生渴望成为一名发明家。

6 unity
n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调
参考例句：
When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。 We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

7 territorial
adj.领土的，领地的
参考例句：
The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。 They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

8 decided
adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的
参考例句：
This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。 There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

9 socialist
n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的
参考例句：
China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。 His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

10 enacts
制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
The legislative branch enacts laws; the executive branch enforces them, and the judicial branch interprets them. 立法部门制订法律，行政部门执行法律，司法部门解释法律。 Hold phasic characteristic correctly, ability enacts the policy with an actual suit, measure. 正确地把握形势特点，才能制定出切合实际的政策、措施。

11 implementation
n.实施，贯彻
参考例句：
Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

12 authorizes
授权，批准，委托( authorize的名词复数 )
参考例句：
The dictionary authorizes the two spellings 'traveler' and 'traveller'. 字典裁定traveler和traveller两种拼法都对。 The dictionary authorizes the two spellings "honor" and "honour.". 字典裁定 honor 及 honour 两种拼法均可。

13 legislative
n.立法机构，立法权；adj.立法的，有立法权的
参考例句：
Congress is the legislative branch of the U.S. government.国会是美国政府的立法部门。 Today's hearing was just the first step in the legislative process.今天的听证会只是展开立法程序的第一步。

14 judicial
adj.司法的，法庭的，审判的，明断的，公正的
参考例句：
He is a man with a judicial mind.他是个公正的人。 Tom takes judicial proceedings against his father.汤姆对他的父亲正式提出诉讼。

15 derived
vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取
参考例句：
Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。来自《简明英汉词典》 He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。来自《简明英汉词典》

16 previously
adv.以前，先前（地）
参考例句：
The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。 Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

17 equity
n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票
参考例句：
They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。 To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

18 ordinances
n.条例，法令( ordinance的名词复数 )
参考例句：
These points of view, however, had not been generally accepted in building ordinances. 然而，这些观点仍未普遍地为其他的建筑条例而接受。来自辞典例句 Great are Your mercies, O Lord; Revive me according to Your ordinances. 诗119:156耶和华阿、你的慈悲本为大．求你照你的典章将我救活。来自互联网

19 contravene
v.违反，违背，反驳，反对
参考例句：
The moves contravene the peace plan agreed by both sides.这些举措违反了双方同意的和平方案。 He said the article did not contravene the industry's code of conduct.他说这一条款并未违反行业的行为准则。

20 amendment
n.改正，修正，改善，修正案
参考例句：
The amendment was rejected by 207 voters to 143.这项修正案以207票对143票被否决。 The Opposition has tabled an amendment to the bill.反对党已经就该议案提交了一项修正条款。

21 emblem
n.象征，标志；徽章
参考例句：
Her shirt has the company emblem on it.她的衬衫印有公司的标记。 The eagle was an emblem of strength and courage.鹰是力量和勇气的象征。

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