第五章 司法保护

Chapter V Judicial¹ Protection

 

第三十八条　对违法犯罪的未成年人，实行教育、感化、挽救的方针，坚持教育为主、惩罚为辅的原则。

Article 38 In respect of delinquent² minors⁴, the policy of education, persuasion⁵ and redemption shall be implemented⁶ and the principle of taking education as the main method and punishment as the subsidiary shall be upheld.

 

第三十九条　已满十四周岁的未成年人犯罪，因不满十六周岁不予刑事处罚的，责令其家长或者其他监护人加以管教；必要时，也可以由政府收容教养。

Article 39 In respect of minors reaching the age of fourteen who have committed crimes but are not subject to criminal punishment because they have not yet reached the age of sixteen, their parents or other guardians⁷ shall be ordered to subject them to discipline; when necessary, such minors may also be taken in for rehabilitation⁸ by the government.

 

第四十条　公安机关、人民检察院、人民法院办理未成年人犯罪的案件，应当照顾未成年人的身心特点，并可以根据需要设产专门机构或者指定专人办理。

Article 40 Public security organs, people's procuratorates and people's courts shall, in dealing⁹ with cases involving crimes committed by minors, take their physical and mental characteristics into consideration, and may, in line with needs, set up special organs or designate special persons to handle such cases.

 

公安机关、人民检察院、人民法院和少年犯管教所，应当尊重违法犯罪的未成年人的人格尊严，保障他们的合法权益。

Public security organs, people's procuratorates, people's courts and reformatories for juvenile¹⁰ delinquents¹¹ shall respect the personal dignity of the delinquent minors and safeguard their lawful¹² rights and interests.

 

第四十一条　公安机关、人民检察院、人民法院对审前羁押的未成年人，应当与羁押的成年人分别看管。

Article 41 Public security organs, people's procuratorates and people's courts shall guard minors under custody¹³, pending¹⁴ trial, separately from adults under custody.

 

对经人民法院判决服刑的未成年人，应当与服刑的成人分别关押、管理。

Minors who are sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment¹⁵ by the people's courts shall be housed and guarded separately from adults serving their sentences.

 

第四十二条　十四周岁以上不满十六周岁的未成年人犯罪的案件，一律不公开审理。十六周岁以上不满十八周岁的未成人的犯罪的案件，一般也不公开审理。

Article 42 All cases involving crimes committed by minors over fourteen years old but under sixteen shall not be tried publicly. Cases involving crimes committed by minors over sixteen years old but under eighteen shall, in general, not be tried publicly.

 

对未成年人犯罪案件，在判决前，新闻报道、影视节目、公开出版物不得披露该未成年人的姓名、住所、照片及可能推断出该未成年人的资料。

With regard to cases involving crimes committed by minors, the names, home addresses and photos of such minors as well as other information which can be used to deduce who they are, may not be disclosed, before the judgment¹⁶, in news reports, films, TV programmes and in any other openly circulated publications.

 

第四十三条　家庭和学校及其他有关单位，应当配合违法犯罪未成斫人所在的少年犯管教所等单位，共同做好违法犯罪未成年人的教育挽救工作。

Article 43 The families, schools and other units concerned shall coordinate¹⁷, in educating and redeeming¹⁸ the delinquent minors, with the reformatories for juvenile delinquents and other similar units where the delinquent minors are held.

 

第四十四条　人民检察院免予起诉、人民法院免除刑事处罚或者宣告缓刑以及被解除收容教养或者服刑期满释放的未成年人，复学、升学、就业不受歧视。

Article 44 Minors who are exempt¹⁹ from prosecution²⁰ by the people's procuratorates, from criminal punishment by the people's courts, or the execution of whose sentence is announced suspended by the people's court, and minors who have been released from reformatory custody or have served their terms of imprisonment shall not be discriminated²¹ against in respect of resuming schooling²², entering a higher school or employment.

 

第四十五条　人民法院审理继承案件，应当依法保护未成年人的继承权。

Article 45 The people's courts shall, in handling cases concerning inheritance, protect the minors' right of inheritance according to law.

 

人民法院审理离婚案件，离婚双方因抚养未成年子女发生争执，不能达成协议时，应当根据保障子女权权益的原则和双方具体情况判决。

In handling cases of divorce, if disputes arise between the two parties concerned over the support of the minor³ child or children and no agreement can be reached, the people's courts shall make judgment in accordance with the principle of safeguarding the rights and interests of the child or children and in light of the specific conditions of the two parties concerned.

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