LSAT模拟试题:LSAT模拟试题TEST3逻辑3a
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SECTION I

  Time-35minutes

  25 Questions

  Directions: The questions in this section are based on the reasoning contained in brief statements or passages. For some questions, more than one of the choices could conceivably answer the question. However. You are to choose the best answer; that is, the response that most accurately1 and completely answers the question. You should not make assumptions that are by commonsense2 standards implausible, superfluous3, or incompatible4 with the passage. After you have chosen the best answer blacken the corresponding space on your answer sheet.

  1. Something must be done to ease traffic congestion5. In traditional small towns, people used to work and shop in the same town in which they lived ; but now that stores and workplaces are located far away from residential6 areas. People cannot avoid traveling long distances each day. Traffic congestion is so heavy on all roads that, even on major highways where the maximum speed averages only 35 miles per hour.

  Which one of the following proposals is most supported by the statements above?

  (A) The maximum speed limit on major highways should be increased.

  (B) People who now travel on major highways should be encouraged to travel on secondary roads instead.

  (C) Residents of the remaining traditional small towns should be encouraged to move to the suburbs.

  (D) Drivers who travel well below the maximum speed limit on major highways should be fined.

  (E) New businesses should be encouraged to locate closer to where their workers would live.

  2. College professor: College students do not write nearly as well as they used to. Almost all of the paper that my students have done for me this year have been poorly written and ungrammatical.

  Which one of the following is the most serious weakness in the argument made by the professor?

  (A) It requires confirmation7 that the change in the professor's students is representative of a change among college students in general.

  (B) It offers no proof to the effect that the professor is an accurate judge of writing ability.

  (C) It does not take into account the possibility that the professor is a poor teacher.

  (D) It fails to present contrary evidence.

  (E) It fails to define its terms sufficiently8.

  Questions 3-4

  Mayor of Plainsville: In order to help the economy of Plainsville, I am using some of our tax revenues to help bring a major highway through the town and thereby9 attract new business to Plainsville.

  Citizens' group: You must have interests other than our economy in mind. If you were really interested in helping10 our economy, you would instead allocate11 the revenues to building a new business park. Since it would bring in twice the business that your highway would.

  3. The argument by the citizens; group relies on which one of the following assumptions?

  (A) Plainsville presently has no major highways running through it.

  (B) The mayor accepts that a new business park would bring in more new business than would the new highway.

  (C) The new highway would have no benefits for Plainsville other than attracting new business.

  (D) The mayor is required to get approval for all tax revenue allocation plans from the city council.

  (E) Plainsville's economy will not be helped unless a new business park of the sort envisioned by the citizens' group is built.

  4. Which one of the following principles, if accepted, would most help the citizens' group to justify12 drawing its conclusion that the mayor has in mind interests other than Plainsville's economy?

  (A) Anyone really pursuing a cause will choose the means that that person believes will advance the cause the farthest.

  (B) Any goal that includes helping the economy of a community will require public revenues in order to be achieved.

  (C) Anyone planning to use resources collected from a group must consult the members of the group before using the resources.

  (D) Any cause worth committing oneself to must include specific goals toward which one ca work.

  (E) Any cause not pursued by public officials, if it is to be pursued at all, must be pursued by members of the community.

  5. Recently, highly skilled workers in Eastern Europe have left jobs in record numbers to emigrate to the West. It is therefore likely that skilled workers who remain in Eastern Europe are in high demand in their home countries.

  Which one of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

  (A) Eastern European factories prefer to hire workers from their home countries rather than to import workers from abroad.

  (B) Major changes in Eastern European economic structures have led to the elimination13 of many positions previously14 held by the highly skilled emigrants15.

  (C) Many Eastern European emigrants need to acquire new skills after finding work in the West.

  (D) Eastern European countries plan to train many new workers to replace the highly skilled workers who have emigrated.

  (E) Because of the departure of skilled workers from Eastern European countries, many positions are now unfilled.

  6. Historian: Alexander the Great should not be judged by appeal to current notions of justice. Alexander, an ancient figure of heroic stature16, should be judged by the standards of his own culture. That is, did he live up to his culture's ideals of leadership? Did Alexander elevate the contemporary standards of justice? Was he, in his day, judged to be a just and wise ruler?

  Student: But you cannot tell whether or not Alexander raised the contemporary standards of justice without invoking17 standards other than those of his own culture.

  Which one of the following argumentative strategies does the student use in responding to the historian?

  (A) arguing that applying the historian's principle would require a knowledge of the past that is necessarily inaccessible18 to current scholarship

  (B) attempting to undermine the historian's principle by showing that some of its consequences are inconsistent with each other

  (C) showing that the principle the historian invokes19, when applied20 to Alexander, does not justify the assertion that he was heroic

  (D) questioning the historian's motivation for determining whether a standard of behavior has been raised or lowered

  (E) claiming that one of the historian's criteria21 for judging Alexander is inconsistent with the principle that the historian has advanced

  Question 7——8

  Two paleontologists, Dr Tyson and Dr. Rees, disagree over the interpretation22 of certain footprints that were left among other footprints in hardened volcanic23 ash at site G. Dr. Tyson claims they are clearly early hominid footprints since they show human characteristics: a squarish heel and a big toe immediately adjacent to the next toe. However, since the footprints indicate that if hominids made those prints they would have had to walk in an unexpected cross-stepping manner, by placing the left foot to the right of the right foot. Dr. Rees rejects Dr. Tyson's conclusion.

  7. The disagreement between the two paleontologists is over which one of the following?

  (A) the relative significance of various aspects of the evidence

  (B) the assumption that early hominid footprints are distinguishable from other footprints

  (C) the possibility of using the evidence of footprints to determine the gait of the creature that made those footprints

  (D) the assumption that evidence from one paleontologic site is enough to support a conclusion

  (E) the likelihood that early hominids would have walked upright on two feet

  8. Which one of the following, if true, most seriously undermines Dr. Tyson's conclusion?

  (A) The foot prints showing human characteristics were clearly those of at least two distinct individuals.

  (B) Certain species of bears had feet very like human feet, except that the outside toe on each foot was the biggest toe and the innermost toe was the smallest toe.

  (C) Footprints shaped like a human's that do not show a cross-stepping pattern exist at site M, which is a mile away from site G, and the two sets of footprints are contemporaneous.

  (D) When the moist volcanic ash became sealed under additional layers of ash before hardening, some details of some of the footprints were erased24.

  (E) Most of the other footprints at site G were of animals with hooves.

  9. It is not known whether bovine25 spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), a disease of cattle invariably deadly to them, can be transmitted directly from one infected animal to another at all stages of the infection. If it can be, there is now a reservoir of infected cattle incubating the disease. There are no diagnostic tests to identify infected animals before the animals show overt26 symptoms. Therefore, if such direct transmission occurs, the disease cannot be eradicated27 by ____

  Which one of the following best completes the argument?

  (A) removing from the herd and destroying any diseased animal as soon as it shows the typical symptoms of advanced BSE

  (B) developing a drug that kills the agent that cause BSE, and then treating with that drug all cattle that might have the disease

  (C) destroying all cattle in areas where BSE occurs and raising cattle only in areas to which BSE is known not to have spread

  (D) developing a vaccine that confers lifelong immunity against BSE and giving it to all cattle, destroying in due course all those animals for which the vaccine protection came too late

  (E) developing a diagnostic test that does identify any infected animal and destroying all animals found to be infected



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 accurately oJHyf     
adv.准确地,精确地
参考例句:
  • It is hard to hit the ball accurately.准确地击中球很难。
  • Now scientists can forecast the weather accurately.现在科学家们能准确地预报天气。
2 commonsense aXpyp     
adj.有常识的;明白事理的;注重实际的
参考例句:
  • It is commonsense to carry an umbrella in this weather.这种天气带把伞是很自然的。
  • These results are no more than a vindication of commonsense analysis.这些结果只不过是按常理分析得出的事实。
3 superfluous EU6zf     
adj.过多的,过剩的,多余的
参考例句:
  • She fined away superfluous matter in the design. 她删去了这图案中多余的东西。
  • That request seemed superfluous when I wrote it.我这样写的时候觉得这个请求似乎是多此一举。
4 incompatible y8oxu     
adj.不相容的,不协调的,不相配的
参考例句:
  • His plan is incompatible with my intent.他的计划与我的意图不相符。
  • Speed and safety are not necessarily incompatible.速度和安全未必不相容。
5 congestion pYmy3     
n.阻塞,消化不良
参考例句:
  • The congestion in the city gets even worse during the summer.夏天城市交通阻塞尤为严重。
  • Parking near the school causes severe traffic congestion.在学校附近泊车会引起严重的交通堵塞。
6 residential kkrzY3     
adj.提供住宿的;居住的;住宅的
参考例句:
  • The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。
  • The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。
7 confirmation ZYMya     
n.证实,确认,批准
参考例句:
  • We are waiting for confirmation of the news.我们正在等待证实那个消息。
  • We need confirmation in writing before we can send your order out.给你们发送订购的货物之前,我们需要书面确认。
8 sufficiently 0htzMB     
adv.足够地,充分地
参考例句:
  • It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
  • The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。
9 thereby Sokwv     
adv.因此,从而
参考例句:
  • I have never been to that city,,ereby I don't know much about it.我从未去过那座城市,因此对它不怎么熟悉。
  • He became a British citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.他成了英国公民,因而得到了投票权。
10 helping 2rGzDc     
n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的,辅助的
参考例句:
  • The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
  • By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。
11 allocate ILnys     
vt.分配,分派;把…拨给;把…划归
参考例句:
  • You must allocate the money carefully.你们必须谨慎地分配钱。
  • They will allocate fund for housing.他们将拨出经费建房。
12 justify j3DxR     
vt.证明…正当(或有理),为…辩护
参考例句:
  • He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
  • Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗?
13 elimination 3qexM     
n.排除,消除,消灭
参考例句:
  • Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.他们在比赛中遭到淘汰是个很大的意外。
  • I was eliminated from the 400 metres in the semi-finals.我在400米半决赛中被淘汰。
14 previously bkzzzC     
adv.以前,先前(地)
参考例句:
  • The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
  • Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿,解释原先发生了什么。
15 emigrants 81556c8b392d5ee5732be7064bb9c0be     
n.(从本国移往他国的)移民( emigrant的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • At last the emigrants got to their new home. 移民们终于到达了他们的新家。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • 'Truly, a decree for selling the property of emigrants.' “有那么回事,是出售外逃人员财产的法令。” 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
16 stature ruLw8     
n.(高度)水平,(高度)境界,身高,身材
参考例句:
  • He is five feet five inches in stature.他身高5英尺5英寸。
  • The dress models are tall of stature.时装模特儿的身材都较高。
17 invoking ac7bba2a53612f6fe1454f6397475d24     
v.援引( invoke的现在分词 );行使(权利等);祈求救助;恳求
参考例句:
  • You can customise the behavior of the Asynchronous Server and hence re-brand it by defining your own command set for invoking services. 通过定义自己调用服务的命令集,您可以定制自定义异步服务器的行为,通过为调用服务定义自己的命令集从而对它重新标记。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • You can customize the behavior of the Asynchronous Server and hence re-brand it by defining your own command set for invoking services. 通过定义自己调用服务的命令集,您可以定制自定义异步服务器的行为,通过为调用服务定义自己的命令集从而对它重新标记。 来自辞典例句
18 inaccessible 49Nx8     
adj.达不到的,难接近的
参考例句:
  • This novel seems to me among the most inaccessible.这本书对我来说是最难懂的小说之一。
  • The top of Mount Everest is the most inaccessible place in the world.珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最难到达的地方。
19 invokes fc473a1a023d32fa292eb356a237b5d0     
v.援引( invoke的第三人称单数 );行使(权利等);祈求救助;恳求
参考例句:
  • The Roundtable statement invokes the principles of the free market system. 企业界圆桌会议的声明援用了自由市场制度的原则。 来自辞典例句
  • When no more storage is available, the system invokes a garbage collector. 当没有可用的存贮时,系统就调用无用单元收集程序。 来自辞典例句
20 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
21 criteria vafyC     
n.标准
参考例句:
  • The main criterion is value for money.主要的标准是钱要用得划算。
  • There are strict criteria for inclusion in the competition.参赛的标准很严格。
22 interpretation P5jxQ     
n.解释,说明,描述;艺术处理
参考例句:
  • His statement admits of one interpretation only.他的话只有一种解释。
  • Analysis and interpretation is a very personal thing.分析与说明是个很主观的事情。
23 volcanic BLgzQ     
adj.火山的;象火山的;由火山引起的
参考例句:
  • There have been several volcanic eruptions this year.今年火山爆发了好几次。
  • Volcanic activity has created thermal springs and boiling mud pools.火山活动产生了温泉和沸腾的泥浆池。
24 erased f4adee3fff79c6ddad5b2e45f730006a     
v.擦掉( erase的过去式和过去分词 );抹去;清除
参考例句:
  • He erased the wrong answer and wrote in the right one. 他擦去了错误答案,写上了正确答案。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • He removed the dogmatism from politics; he erased the party line. 他根除了政治中的教条主义,消除了政党界限。 来自《简明英汉词典》
25 bovine ys5zy     
adj.牛的;n.牛
参考例句:
  • He threw off his pack and went into the rush-grass andand munching,like some bovine creature.他丢开包袱,爬到灯心草丛里,像牛似的大咬大嚼起来。
  • He was a gentle,rather bovine man.他是一位文雅而反应迟钝的人。
26 overt iKoxp     
adj.公开的,明显的,公然的
参考例句:
  • His opponent's intention is quite overt.他的对手的意图很明显。
  • We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。
27 eradicated 527fe74fc13c68501cfd202231063f4a     
画着根的
参考例句:
  • Polio has been virtually eradicated in Brazil. 在巴西脊髓灰质炎实际上已经根除。
  • The disease has been eradicated from the world. 这种疾病已在全世界得到根除。
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