LSAT考试全真试题五SECTION3(3)
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Questions 17-18

  Although tales of wonder and the fantastic are integral to all world literatures, only recently has the fantasy genre1 had a commercial resurgence2 in North America. During the last 20 years, sales of fantasy-fiction books written for adults have gone from 1 to 10 percent of total adult-fiction sales. At the same time, the number of total adult-fiction sales. At the same time, the number of favorable reviews of fantasy books has increased markedly. Some booksellers say that the increased sales of fantasy books written for adults can be traced to the increased favorable attention given the genre by book reviewers

17. Which one of the following, if true undermines the booksellers explanation of the growth in sales of fantasy-fiction books for adults?

(A) Publishers often select a manuscript on the basis of whether they think that   the published book will receive favorable reviews by book reviewers
(B) Few readers of fantasy fiction read book reviews and even fewer select   books to purchase on the basis of those reviews
(C) Most booksellers are aware of what major book reviewers have written about   recently published books.
(D) Although the increase in the percentage of fantasy books sold has been   substantial, publishers estimate that sales could increase even further.
(E) Many of the book reviews of new fantasy-fiction novels also mention great   fantasy novels of the past

18. Which one of the following, if true, most strongly supports the booksellers explanation of the growth in sales of fantasy-fiction books for adults?

(A) Many experts report that on average the reading level of book buyers has   declined over the past 20 years
(B) Because life during the past 20 years has become complex and difficult,   many readers have come to prefer the happy endings that fantasy fiction   often provides
(C) Some fantasy publishers take advantage of the popularity of certain books   by commissioning similar books.
(D) Because few readers of mystery novels were buying fantasy fiction 10 years   ago the major publishers of fantasy fiction created an advertising3 campaign   directed specifically at those readers.
(E) After fantasy fiction began to be favorably reviewed by respected crities 20   years ago, book buyers began to regard fantasy books as suitable reading   for adults.

19. Of all the houses in the city s historic district, the house that once belonged to the Tyler family is the most famous by far Since the historic district is the most famous district in the city. the Tyler house must be the city s most famous house.

  The flawed reasoning in the argument above most closely parallels the flawed reasoning in which one of the following?

(A) Of all the peaks in the coastal4 mountain range, Mount Williams is the   tallest. Since the tallest peaks in the entire region are in the coastal   mountain range, Mount Williams must be the region s tallest peak
(B) Tobacco smoking is the behavior most likely to cause lung cancer in   people. Since more tobacco is smoked in Greene County than anywhere   else in the world, there must be more lung cancer in Greene County than   anywhere else in the world
(C) Susan Coleman is the oldest of the three children in her family Since the   three Coleman children are each older than any of the other children who   live in their building. Susan Coleman must be the oldest child now living in   the building
(D) Of all the fish stores in the harbors area. Miller5 s Fish Market has the most   exotic selection of fish Since there are many more fish stores in the harbor   area than anywhere else in the city. Miller s Fish Market must have the   most exotic selection of fish in the city.
(E) Of all the flowers grown in the university s botanical garden, the Oakland   roses are the most beautiful. Since the university s botanical garden is the   most beautiful garden in the regio, the Oakland roses grown in the garden   must be the most beautiful flowers grown in the entire region

20. Morton: In order to succeed in today s society one must have a college degree. Skepties have objected that there are many people who never completed any education beyond high school but who are nevertheless quite successful. This success is only apparent, however, because without a college degree a person does not have enough education to be truly successful

  Morten s argument is flawed because it

(A) assumes what it sets out to conclude
(B) mistakes a correlation6 for a cause
(C) draws a highly general conclusion from evidence about individual cases
(D) fails to consider the status of alleged7 counterexamples
(E) bases its conclusion on the supposition that most people believe in that   conclusion

21. Even the earliest known species of land animats, known from fossils dating from the late Silurian period 400 million years age show highly evolved adaptations to life on land. Since neither aquatic8 nor amphibious animals exhibit these adaptations, early species of land animals must have evolved very rapidly after leaving an aquatic environment.

  Which one of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) Known fossils of early land animals include fossils of animals that lived   relatively9 soon after the first emergence10 of land animals
(B) Fossils from the late Silurian period represent only a small number of the   animal species that were alive at that time
(C) No plants were established on land before the late Silurian period.
(D) No present-day species of aquatic animal is descended11 from a species of   animal that once lived on land
(E) All anmals alive in the late Silurian period lived either exclusively on land or   exclusively in the water.

22. On Saturday Melvin suggested that Jerome take the following week off from work and accompany him on a trip to the mountains. Jerome refused claiming that he could not afford the cost of the trip added to the wages he would forfeit12 by taking off withoud notice. It is clear, however, that cost cannot be the real reason for Jerome s unwillingness13 to go with Melvin to the Mountains since he makes the same excuse every time Melvin asks him to take an unscheduled vacation regardless of where Melvin proposes to go

  The reasoning is most vulnerable to which one of the following criticisms?

(A) It attmepts to forestall14 an attack on Melvin s behavior by focusing attention   on the behavior of Jerome.
(B) It fails to establish that Melvin could no more afford to take an unscheduled   vacation trip to the mountains than could Jerome
(C) It overlooks the possibility that Jerome, unlike Melvin prefers vacations that   have been planned far in advance
(D) It assumes that if Jerome s professed15 reason is not his only reason then it   cannot be a real reason for Jerome at all
(E) It does not examine the possibility that Jerome s behavior is adequately   explained by the reason the gives for it.

23. Arnold: I was recently denied a seat on an airline flight for which I had a confirmed reservation. because the airline had overbooked the flight. Since I was forced to fly on the next available flight, which did not depart until two hours later, I missed an important business meeting. Even though the flight on which I had a reservation was canceled at the last minute due to bad weather, the airline should still pay me compensation for denying me a seat on the flight.

Jamie : The airline is not morally obligated to pay you any compensation. Even if you had not been denied a seat on the earlier flight, you would have missed your business meeting anyway

A principle that, if established, justifies16 Jamie s response to Arnold is that an airline is morally obligated to compensate17 a passenger who has been denied a seat on a flight for which the passenger has confirmed reservations

(A) if the only reason the passenger is forced to take a later flight is that the   airling overbooked the original flight
(B) only if there is a reason the passenger is forced to take a later flight other   than the original flight s being canceled due to bad weather
(C) only if the passenger would not have been forced to take a later flight had   the airling not overbooked the original flight.
(D) even if the only reason the passenger is forced to take a later flight were   that the original flight is canceled due to bad weather
(E) even if the passenger would still have been forced to take a later flight had   the airline not overbooked the original flight

24. Ditrama is a federatin made up of three autonomus regions. Korva. Mitro, and Guadar, Under the federal revenue-sharing plan, each region receives a share of federa revenues equal to the share of the total population of Ditrama residing in that region as shown by a yearly populatin survey Last year the percentage of federal revenues Korva received for its share deereased somewhat even though the population surve on which the revenue-sharing was based showed that Korva s population had increased

  If the statements above are true, which one of the following must also have been shown by the population survey on which last year s revenue-sharing in Dirama was based?

(A) Of the three regions Korva had the smallest number of residents
(B) The population of Korva grew by a smaller percentage than it did in previous   years
(C) The populations of Mitro and Guadar each increased by a percentage that   exceeded the percentage by which the population of Korva mcreased.
(D) Of the three regions. Korva s numerical inerease in population was the   smallest
(E) Korva s population grew by a smaller percentage than did the population of   at least one of the other two autonomous18 regions.

25. By examining fossilized beetles20 a research team has produced the most detailed21 description yet of temperatures in Britain over the past 22,000 years Fossils of species that still exist were selected and dated. Whey individuals of several species found in the same place were found to date to the same period the known temperature tolerances22 of the existing beetle19 species were found to date to the same period the known temperature tolerances of the existing beetle species were used to determin the maximum summer temperature that could have existed at that place and period

  The procedure of the researchers assumes which one of the following?

(A) Beetles can tolerate warm weather better than cold weather
(B) Fossils of different species found in the same place belonged to different   periods
(C) The process of dating is more accurate for beetles than for other organisms
(D) The highest actuai summer temperature at a place and period equaled the   average of the highest temperatures that could have been tolerated by each   of the beetle species found there and dated to that period
(E) The temperature tolerances of the beetle species did not change   significantly during the 22,000-year period


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1 genre ygPxi     
n.(文学、艺术等的)类型,体裁,风格
参考例句:
  • My favorite music genre is blues.我最喜欢的音乐种类是布鲁斯音乐。
  • Superficially,this Shakespeare's work seems to fit into the same genre.从表面上看, 莎士比亚的这个剧本似乎属于同一类型。
2 resurgence QBSzG     
n.再起,复活,再现
参考例句:
  • A resurgence of his grief swept over Nim.悲痛又涌上了尼姆的心头。
  • Police say drugs traffickers are behind the resurgence of violence.警方说毒贩是暴力活动重新抬头的罪魁祸首。
3 advertising 1zjzi3     
n.广告业;广告活动 a.广告的;广告业务的
参考例句:
  • Can you give me any advice on getting into advertising? 你能指点我如何涉足广告业吗?
  • The advertising campaign is aimed primarily at young people. 这个广告宣传运动主要是针对年轻人的。
4 coastal WWiyh     
adj.海岸的,沿海的,沿岸的
参考例句:
  • The ocean waves are slowly eating away the coastal rocks.大海的波浪慢慢地侵蚀着岸边的岩石。
  • This country will fortify the coastal areas.该国将加强沿海地区的防御。
5 miller ZD6xf     
n.磨坊主
参考例句:
  • Every miller draws water to his own mill.磨坊主都往自己磨里注水。
  • The skilful miller killed millions of lions with his ski.技术娴熟的磨坊主用雪橇杀死了上百万头狮子。
6 correlation Rogzg     
n.相互关系,相关,关连
参考例句:
  • The second group of measurements had a high correlation with the first.第二组测量数据与第一组高度相关。
  • A high correlation exists in America between education and economic position.教育和经济地位在美国有极密切的关系。
7 alleged gzaz3i     
a.被指控的,嫌疑的
参考例句:
  • It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office. 他被指称在任时收受贿赂。
  • alleged irregularities in the election campaign 被指称竞选运动中的不正当行为
8 aquatic mvXzk     
adj.水生的,水栖的
参考例句:
  • Aquatic sports include swimming and rowing.水上运动包括游泳和划船。
  • We visited an aquatic city in Italy.我们在意大利访问过一个水上城市。
9 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
10 emergence 5p3xr     
n.浮现,显现,出现,(植物)突出体
参考例句:
  • The last decade saw the emergence of a dynamic economy.最近10年见证了经济增长的姿态。
  • Language emerges and develops with the emergence and development of society.语言是随着社会的产生而产生,随着社会的发展而发展的。
11 descended guQzoy     
a.为...后裔的,出身于...的
参考例句:
  • A mood of melancholy descended on us. 一种悲伤的情绪袭上我们的心头。
  • The path descended the hill in a series of zigzags. 小路呈连续的之字形顺着山坡蜿蜒而下。
12 forfeit YzCyA     
vt.丧失;n.罚金,罚款,没收物
参考例句:
  • If you continue to tell lies,you will forfeit the good opinion of everyone.你如果继续撒谎,就会失掉大家对你的好感。
  • Please pay for the forfeit before you borrow book.在你借书之前请先付清罚款。
13 unwillingness 0aca33eefc696aef7800706b9c45297d     
n. 不愿意,不情愿
参考例句:
  • Her unwillingness to answer questions undermined the strength of her position. 她不愿回答问题,这不利于她所处的形势。
  • His apparent unwillingness would disappear if we paid him enough. 如果我们付足了钱,他露出的那副不乐意的神情就会消失。
14 forestall X6Qyv     
vt.抢在…之前采取行动;预先阻止
参考例句:
  • I left the room to forestall involvements.我抢先离开了这房间以免受牵累。
  • He followed this rule in order to forestall rumors.他遵守这条规矩是为了杜绝流言蜚语。
15 professed 7151fdd4a4d35a0f09eaf7f0f3faf295     
公开声称的,伪称的,已立誓信教的
参考例句:
  • These, at least, were their professed reasons for pulling out of the deal. 至少这些是他们自称退出这宗交易的理由。
  • Her manner professed a gaiety that she did not feel. 她的神态显出一种她并未实际感受到的快乐。
16 justifies a94dbe8858a25f287b5ae1b8ef4bf2d2     
证明…有理( justify的第三人称单数 ); 为…辩护; 对…作出解释; 为…辩解(或辩护)
参考例句:
  • Their frequency of use both justifies and requires the memorization. 频繁的使用需要记忆,也促进了记忆。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
  • In my judgement the present end justifies the means. 照我的意见,只要目的正当,手段是可以不计较的。
17 compensate AXky7     
vt.补偿,赔偿;酬报 vi.弥补;补偿;抵消
参考例句:
  • She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
  • Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。
18 autonomous DPyyv     
adj.自治的;独立的
参考例句:
  • They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
  • This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。
19 beetle QudzV     
n.甲虫,近视眼的人
参考例句:
  • A firefly is a type of beetle.萤火虫是一种甲虫。
  • He saw a shiny green beetle on a leaf.我看见树叶上有一只闪闪发光的绿色甲虫。
20 beetles e572d93f9d42d4fe5aa8171c39c86a16     
n.甲虫( beetle的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Beetles bury pellets of dung and lay their eggs within them. 甲壳虫把粪粒埋起来,然后在里面产卵。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This kind of beetles have hard shell. 这类甲虫有坚硬的外壳。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
21 detailed xuNzms     
adj.详细的,详尽的,极注意细节的,完全的
参考例句:
  • He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
  • A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。
22 tolerances 37550448eef5ee78fe1a641dc0d32757     
n.宽容( tolerance的名词复数 );容忍;忍耐力;偏差
参考例句:
  • Not only must the centers decrease, but the tolerances to produce quality bonds must also decrease. 不仅中心间距减少,而且产生优质连接的容限也必须减少。 来自辞典例句
  • Then analysis the reasons and influencing factors of such tolerances. 最后分析出现误差的原因以及影响因素。 来自互联网
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