北极地区吸收的太阳辐射显著增加
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2014-12-18 06:05 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
NASA satellite instruments have observed a marked increase in solar radiation absorbed in the Arctic since the year 2000 -- a trend that aligns1 with the steady decrease in Arctic sea ice during the same period. While sea ice is mostly white and reflects the sun's rays, ocean water is dark and absorbs the sun's energy at a higher rate. A decline in the region's albedo -- its reflectivity, in effect -- has been a key concern among scientists since the summer Arctic sea ice cover began shrinking in recent decades. As more of the sun's energy is absorbed by the climate system, it enhances ongoing2 warming in the region, which is more pronounced than anywhere else on the planet.
 
Since the year 2000, the rate of absorbed solar radiation in the Arctic in June, July and August has increased by five percent, said Norman Loeb, of NASA's Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia. The measurement is made by NASA's Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instruments, which fly on multiple satellites.
 
While a five percent increase may not seem like much, consider that the rate globally has remained essentially3 flat during that same time. No other region on Earth shows a trend of potential long-term change.
 
When averaged over the entire Arctic Ocean, the increase in the rate of absorbed solar radiation is about 10 Watts4 per square meter. This is equivalent to an extra 10-watt light bulb shining continuously over every 10.76 square feet of Arctic Ocean for the entire summer.
 
Regionally, the increase is even greater, Loeb said. Areas such as the Beaufort Sea, which has experienced the some of the most pronounced decreases in sea-ice coverage5, show a 50 watts per square meter increase in the rate of absorbed solar radiation.
 
"Advances in our understanding of Arctic climate change and the underlying6 processes that influence it will depend critically upon high quality observations like these from CERES," Loeb said.
 
As a region, the Arctic is showing more dramatic signs of climate change than any other spot on the planet. These include a warming of air temperatures at a rate two to three times greater than the rest of the planet and the loss of September sea ice extent at a rate of 13 percent per decade.


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 aligns f51edfba3ed0b417b4851a1f2581cf7d     
使成一线( align的第三人称单数 ); 排整齐; 校准; 公开支持(某人、集体或观点)
参考例句:
  • HASP SRM fully aligns with the software product lifecycle. HASPSRM完全遵循软件产品的生命周期。
  • Significant employee aligns the interests of our employees and our shareholders. 员工大量持股可以使员工与股东的利益协调一致。
2 ongoing 6RvzT     
adj.进行中的,前进的
参考例句:
  • The problem is ongoing.这个问题尚未解决。
  • The issues raised in the report relate directly to Age Concern's ongoing work in this area.报告中提出的问题与“关心老人”组织在这方面正在做的工作有直接的关系。
3 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上
参考例句:
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
4 watts c70bc928c4d08ffb18fc491f215d238a     
(电力计量单位)瓦,瓦特( watt的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • My lamp uses 60 watts; my toaster uses 600 watts. 我的灯用60瓦,我的烤面包器用600瓦。
  • My lamp uses 40 watts. 我的灯40瓦。
5 coverage nvwz7v     
n.报导,保险范围,保险额,范围,覆盖
参考例句:
  • There's little coverage of foreign news in the newspaper.报纸上几乎没有国外新闻报道。
  • This is an insurance policy with extensive coverage.这是一项承保范围广泛的保险。
6 underlying 5fyz8c     
adj.在下面的,含蓄的,潜在的
参考例句:
  • The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
  • This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。
TAG标签: solar Arctic radiation
发表评论
请自觉遵守互联网相关的政策法规,严禁发布色情、暴力、反动的言论。
评价:
表情:
验证码:点击我更换图片