A major CSIRO breakthrough（突破） in wireless¹ technology designed to bring broadband to people living beyond the optical fibre（光学纤维） network, has been unveiled in Sydney. The first half of CSIRO's Ngara technolgy will enable multiple users to upload information at the same time, without reducing their individual systems' data transfer rate of 12 Mbps.

"Someone who doesn't live near the fibre network could get to it using our new wireless system," CSIRO ICT Centre Director Dr Ian Oppermann said.

"They'd be able to upload a clip to YouTube in real-time and their data rate wouldn't change even if five of their neighbours also started uploading videos.

"But the really impressive part is the spectral² efficiency our team has achieved."

The radio spectrum³（射频频谱） is a finite and highly valuable, natural resource.

CSIRO's spectral（光谱的） efficiency is three times that of the closest comparable technology and the data rate is more than 10 times the industry's recently declared minimum standard.

Spectral efficiency is about packing as many bits of information as possible into the channel (frequency range) allocated⁴ for its transmission. CSIRO's 12 Mbps, six-user system works in the space of one television channel, which is seven megahertz (MHz) wide.

CSIRO is achieving spectral efficiency of 20 bits per second per Hertz (20 b/s/Hz).

"Even with just half of our system completed, CSIRO is already helping⁵ define the future of wireless technology," Dr Oppermann said.

Wireless Research Director for Gartner, Robin⁶ Simpson, said the most promising⁷ aspect of CSIRO's Ngara technology is that it aims to re-use old analog⁸ TV channels.

"This means any rural property or business that can currently receive TV signals could in future connect to high-speed internet just by using a new set-top box," Mr Simpson said.

CSIRO is currently completing the research and testing of the downlink part of the system, which will also run at 12 Mbps per user.