binocular hemianopia <Chinese>双眼偏盲
    binocular microscope <Chinese>双目显微镜
    Binswanger disease<Chinese> 宾斯万格病（皮质下脑病）
    biopsy <Chinese>活检
    Biot's respiration¹ <Chinese>比奥呼吸（间歇性呼吸暂停，见于颅内压增高）
    bipolar neuron <Chinese>双极神经元
    bitamporal <Chinese>颞侧
    bitemporal hemianopia <Chinese>颞侧偏盲
    bithionol <Chinese>硫双二氯酚
    black-out syndrome² <Chinese>黑蒙综合征
    blackouts <Chinese>黑朦
    bladder <Chinese>膀胱
    blastoneuropore <Chinese>胚神经孔
    blepharoptosis <Chinese>睑下垂
    blepharospasm <Chinese>睑痉挛
    blink reflex <Chinese>瞬目反射
    blink <Chinese>眨眼
    blood-brain barrier <Chinese>血脑屏障
    blood-CSF barrier <Chinese>血脑脊液屏障
    blood-nervus barrier <Chinese>血神经屏障
    Blumenau's nucleus³ <Chinese>布路门奥核（楔核外侧核）
    Blumenbach's clivus <Chinese>布卢门巴赫斜坡（与枕骨底突相连的蝶骨斜坡）
    Blumenbach's process <Chinese>筛骨钩突
    blurring⁴ <Chinese>模糊
    body of lateral⁵ ventricle <Chinese>侧脑室体部
    body， corpus， complex <Chinese>体
    Bonnier's syndrome <Chinese>邦尼埃综合征（前庭神经外侧核或前庭束损害）
    Bornholm disease <Chinese>流行性肌痛
    Bourneville's disease <Chinese>结节硬化症
    boutons en passant <Chinese>旁结
    boutons terminaus <Chinese>终结
    bouts⁶ <Chinese>发作
    bowel⁷ <Chinese>直肠
    boxing encephalopathy <Chinese>拳击员脑炎
    brachcephaly <Chinese>短头
    brachial plexus <Chinese>臂丛
    brachium conjunctivum <Chinese>结合臂
    brachium pontis <Chinese>脑桥臂
    brachium <Chinese>臂
    brachycranic <Chinese>短颅的（颅指数为81.0至84.9）
    bradycardia <Chinese>心动过缓
    bradykinesia <Chinese>运动迟缓
    bradylalia <Chinese>言语迟缓
    bradylexia <Chinese>阅读过慢
    bradylogia <Chinese>言语过慢
    bradyphemia <Chinese>言语过慢
    bradyphrasia <Chinese>迟语症
    bradyphrenia <Chinese>智力迟钝（流行性乙型脑炎）
    bradypragia <Chinese>动作过慢
    brain， encephalon<Chinese> 脑
    Brain's reflex <Chinese>布雷恩反射（当病人采取四足位置时，偏瘫性屈曲上臂伸直）
    brainstem <Chinese>脑干
    briskly <Chinese>活跃
    Brissaud's syndrome <Chinese>交叉性面痉挛偏瘫综合征
    Broca's area <Chinese>布若卡氏区
    Brodmann's areas <Chinese>布劳德曼区（大脑皮层细胞结构分区）
    bromazepam <Chinese>溴基安定
    bromazolam <Chinese>宁神定
    bromocriptine <Chinese>溴隐亭
    Brown-Sequard syndorme <Chinese>脊髓半切综合征
    Brudzinski sign <Chinese>布鲁金斯基征
    Bruns' syndrome <Chinese>布伦斯综合征（第四脑室包囊虫眩晕综合征）
    Budge's center <Chinese>布吉氏中枢
    Buerger disease <Chinese>闭塞性血栓性脉管炎
    bufetolol <Chinese>丁呋心安
    Buiswangen disease <Chinese>缺血性白质脑病
    bulbar paralysis <Chinese>球麻痹
    Burdach's columns <Chinese>布尔达赫柱（脊髓楔束）
    Burdach's fasciculus <Chinese>布尔达赫束（大脑上纵束）
    Burdach's fibers <Chinese>布尔达赫纤维
    Burdach's fissure <Chinese>布尔达赫裂（脑岛外侧面和岛盖内面间裂）
    Burdach's nucleus <Chinese>布尔达赫核（楔束核）
    buspirone <Chinese>丁螺环酮