Metal Terminology (C)金属术语C
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)

CAKE
A copper1 ingot rectangular in cross section intended for rolling.

 

CAMBER OR BOW
Edgewise curvature. A lateral2 departure of a side edge of sheet or strip metal from a straight line.

 


CAMERA SHUTTER3 STEEL
Hardened, tempered and bright polished extra flat and extra precision rolled. Carbon content 1.25, Chromium .15.

 


CAPPED STEEL
(See Bottle Top Mold)

 


CARBIDE
A compound of carbon with one or more metallic4 elements.

 


CARBON
(Chemical symbol C) - Element No. 6 of the periodic system; atomic weight 12.01; has three allotropic modifications5, all non-metallic. Carbon is preset in practically all ferrous alloys7, and has tremendous effect on the properties of the resultant metal. Carbon is also an essential compound of the cemented carbides. Its metallurgical use, in the form of coke, for reduction of oxides, is very extensive.

 


CARBON FREE
Metals and alloys which are practically free from carbon.

 

CARBON RANGE
In steel specifications8, the carbon range is the difference between the minimum and maximum amount of carbon acceptable.

 


CARBON STEEL
Common or ordinary steel as contrasted with special or alloy6 steels, which contain other alloying metals in addition to the usual constituents9 of steel in their common percentages.

 


CARBURIZING
(Cementation) Adding carbon to the surface of iron-base alloys by absorption through heating the metal at a temperature below its melting point in contact with carbonaceous solids, liquids or gasses. The oldest method of case hardening.

 

CASE HARDENING
Carburizing and subsequently hardening by suitable heat-treatment, all or part of the surface portions of a piece of iron-base alloy.


CAST
(1) A term indicating in the annealed state as “Cast Spring Steel Wire.” (2) In reference to Bright or Polished Strip Steel or Wire, the word cast implies discoloration as a shadow. (3) A term implying a lack of straightness as in a coil set.


CAST STEEL
Any object made by pouring molten steel into molds.

 

CEMENTITE
A compound of iron and carbon known as “Iron Carbide,” which has the approximate chemical formula Fe3C containing 6.69% of carbon. Hard and brittle10, it is the hard constituents of cast iron, and the normal form in which carbon is present in steel. It is magnetizable, but not as readily as ferrite.

 


CHARCOAL11 TIN PLATE
Tin Plate with a relatively12 heavy coating of tin (higher than the “Coke Tin Plate” grades).

 


CHATTER13 MARKS
(Defect) - Parallel indentations or marks appearing at right angles to edge of strip forming a pattern at close and regular intervals14, caused by roll vibrations15.

 

CHIPPING
A method for removing seams and surface defects with chisel16 or gouge17 so that such defects will not be working into the finished product. Chipping is often employed to remove metal that is excessive but not defective18. Removal of defects by gas cutting is known as “deseaming” or “scarfing.”

 


CHROMIUM
(Chemical symbol Cr.) - Element No. 24 of the periodic system; atomic weight 52.01. It is of bright silvery color, relatively hard. It is strongly resistant19 to atmospheric20 and other oxidation. It is of great value in the manufacture of Stainless21 Steel as an iron-base alloy. Chromium plating has also become a large outlet22 for the metal. Its principal functions as an alloy in steel making; (1) increases resistance to corrosion23 and oxidation (2) increases hardenability (3) adds some strength at high temperatures (4) resists abrasions24 and wear (with high carbon).

 


CHROMIUM-NICKEL STEEL
Steel usually made by the electric furnace process in which chromium and nickel participate as alloying elements. The stainless steel of 18% chromium and 8% nickel are the better known of the chromium-nickel types.

 

CIGARETTE KNIFE STEEL
Hardened, tempered and bright polished. 1.25 Carbon content - Chromium .15. Accurate flatness necessary and a high hardness with Rockwell C 51 to 53. Usually sizes are 4 ?#148; wide and 6” wide x .004 to .010.

 


CLADDING
A process for covering one metal with another. Usually the surfaces of fairly thick slabs25 of two metals are brought carefully into contact and are then subjected to co-rolling so that a clad composition results. In some instances a thick electroplate may be deposited before rolling.

 

CLAD METAL
A composite metal containing two or three layers that have been bonded26 together. The bonding may have been accomplished27 by co-rolling, welding, heavy chemical deposition28 or heavy electroplating.

 


CLUSTER MILL
A rolling mill where each of the two working rolls of small diameter is supported by two or more back-up rolls.

 


COBALT
(Chemical symbol Co.) Element No. 27 of the periodic system; atomic weight 58.94. A gray magnetic metal of medium hardness; it resists corrosion like nickel, which it resembles closely; melting point 2696癋.; boiling point about 5250癋.; specific gravity 8.9. It is used as the matrix metal in most cemented carbides and is occasionally electroplated instead of nickel, the sulfate being used as electrolyte. Its principal function as an alloy in tool steel; it contributes to red hardness by hardening ferrite.


COIL SET OR LONGITUDINAL CURL
A lengthwise curve or set found in coiled strip metals following its coil pattern. A departure from longitudinal flatness. It can be removed by roller or stretcher leveling from metals in the softer temper ranges.

 


COILS
Coiled flat sheet or strip metal - usually in one continuous piece or length.


COINING
A process of impressing images or characters of the die and punch onto a plane metal surface.

 

COKE PLATE
(Hot Dipped Tin Plate) Standard tin plate, with the lightest commercial tin coat, used for food containers, oil canning, etc. A higher grade is the best cokes, with special cokes representing the best of the coke tin variety. For high qualities and heavier coatings, see (Charcoal Tin Plate).

 

COIL BREAKS
Creases or Ridges30 appearing in sheets as parallel lines transverse to the direction of rolling and generally extending across the width of the sheet.

 

COIL WELD
A joint31 between two lengths of metal within a coil - which is not always visible in the cold reduced product.

 


COLD REDUCED STRIP
Metal strip, made from hot-rolled strip, by rolling on cold-reduction mills.

 

COLD REDUCTION
Reduction of metal size, usually by rolling or drawing particularly thickness, while the metal is maintained at room temperature or below the recrystallization temperature of the metal.

 


COLD ROLLED FINISH
Finish obtained by cold rolling plain pickled sheet or strip with a lubricant resulting in a relatively smooth appearance.

 


COLD ROLLING
Rolling metal at a temperature below the softening32 point of the metal to create strain hardening (work-hardening). Same as cold reduction, except that the working method is limited to rolling. Cold rolling changes the mechanical properties of strip and produces certain useful combinations of hardness, strength, stiffness, ductility33 and other characteristics known as tempers.

 


COLD SHORT
The characteristics of metals that are brittle at ordinary or low temperatures.


COLD SHUT
A defect produced during casting, causing an area in the metal where two portions of the metal in either a molten or plastic condition have come together but have failed to unite, fuse, or, blend into a solid mass. (See Lamination)

 

COLD WORKING
Plastic deformation34, such as rolling, hammering, drawing, etc., at a temperature sufficiently35 low to create strain hardening (work-hardening). Commonly, the term refers to such deformation at normal temperatures.

 


COLUMBIUM
(Chemical Symbol Cb) - Element No. 41 of the periodic system. Atomic weight 92.91. It is steel gray in color and brilliant luster29. Specific gravity 8.57. Melting point at about 4379癋. It is used mainly in the production of stabilized36 austenitic chromium-nickel steels, also to reduce the air-hardening characteristics in plain chromium steels of the corrosion resistant type.

 

COMMERCIAL BRONZE
A copper-zinc37 alloy (brass38) containing 90% copper and 10% zinc; used for screws, wire, hardware, etc. Although termed “commercial-bronze” it contains no tin. It is somewhat stronger than copper and has equal or better ductility.

 

COMMERCIAL FINISH
(See Finishes)

 

COMMERCIAL QUALITY STEEL SHEET
Normally to a ladle analysis of carbon limited at 0.15 max. A Standard Quality Carbon Steel Sheet.

 

CONTINUOUS CASTING
A casting technique in which the ingot is continuously solidified39 while it is being poured, and the length is not determined40 by mold dimensions.

 

CONTINUOUS FURNACE
Furnace, in which the material being heated moves steadily41 through the furnace.

 


CONTINUOUS PICKLING
Passing sheet or strip metal continuously through a series of pickling and washing tanks.

 

CONTINUOUS STRIP MILL
A series of synchronized42 rolling mill stands in which coiled flat rolled metal entering the first pass (or stand) moves in a straight line and is continuously reduced in thickness (not width) at each subsequent pass. The finished strip is recoiled43 upon leaving the final or finishing pass.

 

CONTROLLED ATMOSPHERE FURNACES
A furnace used for bright annealing into which specially44 prepared gases are introduced for the purposes of maintaining a neutral atmosphere so that no oxidizing reaction between metal and atmosphere takes place.

 

CONVERTER
A furnace in which air is blown through the molten bath of crude metal or matte for the purpose of oxidizing impurities45.

 

COOLING STRESSES
Stresses develop by uneven46 contraction47 or external constraint48 of metal during cooling; also those stresses resulting from localized plastic deformation during cooling and retained.


COPPER
(Chemical symbol Cu) - Element No. 29 of the periodic system, atomic weight 63.57. A characteristically reddish metal of bright luster, highly malleable49 and ductile50 and having high electrical and heat conductivity; melting point 1981癋.; boiling point 4237癋.; specific gravity 8.94. Universally used in the pure state as sheet, tube, rod and wire and also as alloyed by other elements (See Brass and Bronze), as an alloy with other metals.

 


CORE WOUND FLAT WIRE
(See Oscillated Wound Coils)

 

CORROSION
Gradual chemical or electrochemical attack on a metal by atmosphere, moisture or other agents.

 

CORROSION EMBRITTLEMENT
The embrittlement caused in certain alloys by exposure to a corrosive51 environment. Such material is usually susceptible52 to the intergranular type of corrosion attack.

 


CORRUGATED
As a defect. Alternate ridges and furrows53. A series of deep short waves.

 

CREEP
The flow or plastic deformation of metals held for long periods of time at stresses lower than the normal yield strength. The effect is particularly important if the temperature of stressing is above the recrystallization temperature of the metal.

 


CRITICAL POINTS
Temperatures at which internal changes or transformations55 take place within a metal either on a rising or falling temperature.

 


CRITICAL RANGE
A temperature range in which an internal change takes place within a metal. Also termed Transformation54 Range.

 

CROP
The defective ends of a rolled or forged product which are cut off and discarded.


CROSS BREAK
(See Luders Lines) This term also applies to transverse ribs56 or ripples57.

 

CROSS DIRECTION
(In rolled or drawn58 metal) The direction parallel to the axis59 of the rolls during rolling. The direction at, right angles to the direction of rolling or drawing.

 


CROSS ROLLING
Rolling at an angle to the long dimension of the metal; usually done to increase width.

 

CROWN OR HEAVY CENTER
Increased thickness in the center of metal sheet or strip as compared with thickness at the edge.

 


CRUCIBLE
A ceramic60 pot or receptacle made of graphite and clay, or other refractory61 materials, and used in the melting of metal. The term is sometimes applied62 to pots made of cast iron, cast steel or wrought63 steel.

 


CRYSTAL
(1) A physically64 homogeneous solid, in which the atoms , ions, or molecules65 are arranged in a three-dimensional repetitive pattern. (2) A coherent piece of matter, all parts of which have the same anisotropic arrangement of atoms; in metals, usually synonymous with “grain” and “crystallite.”

 


CRYSTALLINE
Composed of crystals.

 

CRYSTALLIZATION
The formation of crystals by the atoms assuming definite positions in a crystal lattice. This is what happens when a liquid metal solidifies66. (Fatigue, the failure of metals under repeated stresses, is sometimes falsely attributed to crystallization.)

 


CUBE-CENTERED
Metallography - (Concerning space lattices) - Body-centered cubic. Refers to crystal structure.

 


CUP FRACTURE
A type of fracture in a tensile test specimen67 which looks like a cup having the exterior68 portion extended with the interior slightly depressed69.

 


CUP TEST
(See Olsen Ductility Test)

 


CYANIDING
Surface hardening of an iron-base alloy article or portion of it by heating at a suitable temperature in contact with a cyanide salt, followed by quenching



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 copper HZXyU     
n.铜;铜币;铜器;adj.铜(制)的;(紫)铜色的
参考例句:
  • The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
  • Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。
2 lateral 83ey7     
adj.侧面的,旁边的
参考例句:
  • An airfoil that controls lateral motion.能够控制横向飞行的机翼。
  • Mr.Dawson walked into the court from a lateral door.道森先生从一个侧面的门走进法庭。
3 shutter qEpy6     
n.百叶窗;(照相机)快门;关闭装置
参考例句:
  • The camera has a shutter speed of one-sixtieth of a second.这架照像机的快门速度达六十分之一秒。
  • The shutter rattled in the wind.百叶窗在风中发出嘎嘎声。
4 metallic LCuxO     
adj.金属的;金属制的;含金属的;产金属的;像金属的
参考例句:
  • A sharp metallic note coming from the outside frightened me.外面传来尖锐铿锵的声音吓了我一跳。
  • He picked up a metallic ring last night.昨夜他捡了一个金属戒指。
5 modifications aab0760046b3cea52940f1668245e65d     
n.缓和( modification的名词复数 );限制;更改;改变
参考例句:
  • The engine was pulled apart for modifications and then reassembled. 发动机被拆开改型,然后再组装起来。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The original plan had undergone fairly extensive modifications. 原计划已经作了相当大的修改。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 alloy fLryq     
n.合金,(金属的)成色
参考例句:
  • The company produces titanium alloy.该公司生产钛合金。
  • Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.青铜是铜和锡的合金。
7 alloys a0554febd06fadac0b9b8f0ad597e74d     
n.合金( alloy的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • This is essentially a development of thoria dispersion strengthened nickel alloys. 这基本上是用二氧化钍弥散强度化的镍基合金。 来自辞典例句
  • The lack of deep hardening in these alloys negates their use. 这些合金缺乏深层硬化能力使它们无法利用。 来自辞典例句
8 specifications f3453ce44685398a83b7fe3902d2b90c     
n.规格;载明;详述;(产品等的)说明书;说明书( specification的名词复数 );详细的计划书;载明;详述
参考例句:
  • Our work must answer the specifications laid down. 我们的工作应符合所定的规范。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This sketch does not conform with the specifications. 图文不符。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
9 constituents 63f0b2072b2db2b8525e6eff0c90b33b     
n.选民( constituent的名词复数 );成分;构成部分;要素
参考例句:
  • She has the full support of her constituents. 她得到本区选民的全力支持。
  • Hydrogen and oxygen are the constituents of water. 氢和氧是水的主要成分。 来自《简明英汉词典》
10 brittle IWizN     
adj.易碎的;脆弱的;冷淡的;(声音)尖利的
参考例句:
  • The pond was covered in a brittle layer of ice.池塘覆盖了一层易碎的冰。
  • She gave a brittle laugh.她冷淡地笑了笑。
11 charcoal prgzJ     
n.炭,木炭,生物炭
参考例句:
  • We need to get some more charcoal for the barbecue.我们烧烤需要更多的碳。
  • Charcoal is used to filter water.木炭是用来过滤水的。
12 relatively bkqzS3     
adv.比较...地,相对地
参考例句:
  • The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
  • The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。
13 chatter BUfyN     
vi./n.喋喋不休;短促尖叫;(牙齿)打战
参考例句:
  • Her continuous chatter vexes me.她的喋喋不休使我烦透了。
  • I've had enough of their continual chatter.我已厌烦了他们喋喋不休的闲谈。
14 intervals f46c9d8b430e8c86dea610ec56b7cbef     
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息
参考例句:
  • The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴,有阵雨。
  • Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。
15 vibrations d94a4ca3e6fa6302ae79121ffdf03b40     
n.摆动( vibration的名词复数 );震动;感受;(偏离平衡位置的)一次性往复振动
参考例句:
  • We could feel the vibrations from the trucks passing outside. 我们可以感到外面卡车经过时的颤动。
  • I am drawn to that girl; I get good vibrations from her. 我被那女孩吸引住了,她使我产生良好的感觉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
16 chisel mr8zU     
n.凿子;v.用凿子刻,雕,凿
参考例句:
  • This chisel is useful for getting into awkward spaces.这凿子在要伸入到犄角儿里时十分有用。
  • Camille used a hammer and chisel to carve out a figure from the marble.卡米尔用锤子和凿子将大理石雕刻出一个人像。
17 gouge Of2xi     
v.凿;挖出;n.半圆凿;凿孔;欺诈
参考例句:
  • To make a Halloween lantern,you first have to gouge out the inside of the pumpkin.要做一个万圣节灯笼,你先得挖空这个南瓜。
  • In the Middle Ages,a favourite punishment was to gouge out a prisoner's eyes.在中世纪,惩罚犯人最常用的办法是剜眼睛。
18 defective qnLzZ     
adj.有毛病的,有问题的,有瑕疵的
参考例句:
  • The firm had received bad publicity over a defective product. 该公司因为一件次品而受到媒体攻击。
  • If the goods prove defective, the customer has the right to compensation. 如果货品证明有缺陷, 顾客有权索赔。
19 resistant 7Wvxh     
adj.(to)抵抗的,有抵抗力的
参考例句:
  • Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
  • They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。
20 atmospheric 6eayR     
adj.大气的,空气的;大气层的;大气所引起的
参考例句:
  • Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
  • Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。
21 stainless kuSwr     
adj.无瑕疵的,不锈的
参考例句:
  • I have a set of stainless knives and forks.我有一套不锈钢刀叉。
  • Before the recent political scandal,her reputation had been stainless.在最近的政治丑闻之前,她的名声是无懈可击的。
22 outlet ZJFxG     
n.出口/路;销路;批发商店;通风口;发泄
参考例句:
  • The outlet of a water pipe was blocked.水管的出水口堵住了。
  • Running is a good outlet for his energy.跑步是他发泄过剩精力的好方法。
23 corrosion boHzd     
n.腐蚀,侵蚀;渐渐毁坏,渐衰
参考例句:
  • Corrosion is not covered by the warranty.腐蚀不在保修范围之内。
  • Zinc is used to protect other metals from corrosion.锌被用来保护其他金属不受腐蚀。
24 abrasions 0329fc10f2fbb8e9ac9a37abebc2f834     
n.磨损( abrasion的名词复数 );擦伤处;摩擦;磨蚀(作用)
参考例句:
  • He suffered cuts and abrasions to the face. 他的脸上有许多划伤和擦伤。
  • The bacteria get into humans through abrasions in the skin. 细菌可以通过擦伤处进入人体。 来自《简明英汉词典》
25 slabs df40a4b047507aa67c09fd288db230ac     
n.厚板,平板,厚片( slab的名词复数 );厚胶片
参考例句:
  • The patio was made of stone slabs. 这天井是用石板铺砌而成的。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The slabs of standing stone point roughly toward the invisible notch. 这些矗立的石块,大致指向那个看不见的缺口。 来自辞典例句
26 bonded 2xpzkP     
n.有担保的,保税的,粘合的
参考例句:
  • The whisky was taken to bonded warehouses at Port Dundee.威士忌酒已送到邓迪港的保稅仓库。
  • This adhesive must be applied to both surfaces which are to be bonded together.要粘接的两个面都必须涂上这种黏合剂。
27 accomplished UzwztZ     
adj.有才艺的;有造诣的;达到了的
参考例句:
  • Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
  • Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。
28 deposition MwOx4     
n.免职,罢官;作证;沉淀;沉淀物
参考例句:
  • It was this issue which led to the deposition of the king.正是这件事导致了国王被废黜。
  • This leads to calcium deposition in the blood-vessels.这导致钙在血管中沉积。
29 luster n82z0     
n.光辉;光泽,光亮;荣誉
参考例句:
  • His great books have added luster to the university where he teaches.他的巨著给他任教的大学增了光。
  • Mercerization enhances dyeability and luster of cotton materials.丝光处理扩大棉纤维的染色能力,增加纤维的光泽。
30 ridges 9198b24606843d31204907681f48436b     
n.脊( ridge的名词复数 );山脊;脊状突起;大气层的)高压脊
参考例句:
  • The path winds along mountain ridges. 峰回路转。
  • Perhaps that was the deepest truth in Ridges's nature. 在里奇斯的思想上,这大概可以算是天经地义第一条了。
31 joint m3lx4     
adj.联合的,共同的;n.关节,接合处;v.连接,贴合
参考例句:
  • I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤,肩膀脫臼了。
  • We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
32 softening f4d358268f6bd0b278eabb29f2ee5845     
变软,软化
参考例句:
  • Her eyes, softening, caressed his face. 她的眼光变得很温柔了。它们不住地爱抚他的脸。 来自汉英文学 - 家(1-26) - 家(1-26)
  • He might think my brain was softening or something of the kind. 他也许会觉得我婆婆妈妈的,已经成了个软心肠的人了。
33 ductility f884d0a2a9a7b4135d9791625f36b596     
n.展延性,柔软性,顺从;韧性;塑性;展性
参考例句:
  • It is evident that ductility is a desirable property of structural materials required to resist blast. 显然,为要抵抗爆震,结构材料的延性是一个重要的条件。 来自辞典例句
  • Ductility allows a metal or alloy to be drawn into a wire. 延展性使金属或合金能被拉成丝。 来自互联网
34 deformation 59ryp     
n.形状损坏;变形;畸形
参考例句:
  • The deformation frequencies are not sufficiently distinctive.其变形频率不是十分明显的。
  • The calculated deformation is almost equal to the real situation by measurement.经检测,计算变形量与实际情况基本一致。
35 sufficiently 0htzMB     
adv.足够地,充分地
参考例句:
  • It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
  • The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。
36 stabilized 02f3efdac3635abcf70576f3b5d20e56     
v.(使)稳定, (使)稳固( stabilize的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • The patient's condition stabilized. 患者的病情稳定下来。
  • His blood pressure has stabilized. 他的血压已经稳定下来了。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
37 zinc DfxwX     
n.锌;vt.在...上镀锌
参考例句:
  • Brass is formed by the fusion of copper and zinc.黄铜是通过铜和锌的熔合而成的。
  • Zinc is used to protect other metals from corrosion.锌被用来保护其他金属不受腐蚀。
38 brass DWbzI     
n.黄铜;黄铜器,铜管乐器
参考例句:
  • Many of the workers play in the factory's brass band.许多工人都在工厂铜管乐队中演奏。
  • Brass is formed by the fusion of copper and zinc.黄铜是通过铜和锌的熔合而成的。
39 solidified ec92c58adafe8f3291136b615a7bae5b     
(使)成为固体,(使)变硬,(使)变得坚固( solidify的过去式和过去分词 ); 使团结一致; 充实,巩固; 具体化
参考例句:
  • Her attitudes solidified through privilege and habit. 由于特权和习惯使然,她的看法变得越来越难以改变。
  • When threatened, he fires spheres of solidified air from his launcher! 当危险来临,他就会发射它的弹药!
40 determined duszmP     
adj.坚定的;有决心的
参考例句:
  • I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
  • He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。
41 steadily Qukw6     
adv.稳定地;不变地;持续地
参考例句:
  • The scope of man's use of natural resources will steadily grow.人类利用自然资源的广度将日益扩大。
  • Our educational reform was steadily led onto the correct path.我们的教学改革慢慢上轨道了。
42 synchronized f6dbc93312ac2dd66d3989fc9050167f     
同步的
参考例句:
  • Do not use the synchronized keyword in Managed Objects. 不要在管理对象上使用synchronized关键字。 来自互联网
  • The timing of the gun was precisely synchronized with the turning of the plane's propeller. 风门的调速与飞机螺旋桨的转动精确同步。 来自辞典例句
43 recoiled 8282f6b353b1fa6f91b917c46152c025     
v.畏缩( recoil的过去式和过去分词 );退缩;报应;返回
参考例句:
  • She recoiled from his touch. 她躲开他的触摸。
  • Howard recoiled a little at the sharpness in my voice. 听到我的尖声,霍华德往后缩了一下。 来自《简明英汉词典》
44 specially Hviwq     
adv.特定地;特殊地;明确地
参考例句:
  • They are specially packaged so that they stack easily.它们经过特别包装以便于堆放。
  • The machine was designed specially for demolishing old buildings.这种机器是专为拆毁旧楼房而设计的。
45 impurities 2626a6dbfe6f229f6e1c36f702812675     
不纯( impurity的名词复数 ); 不洁; 淫秽; 杂质
参考例句:
  • A filter will remove most impurities found in water. 过滤器会滤掉水中的大部分杂质。
  • Oil is refined to remove naturally occurring impurities. 油经过提炼去除天然存在的杂质。
46 uneven akwwb     
adj.不平坦的,不规则的,不均匀的
参考例句:
  • The sidewalk is very uneven—be careful where you walk.这人行道凹凸不平—走路时请小心。
  • The country was noted for its uneven distribution of land resources.这个国家以土地资源分布不均匀出名。
47 contraction sn6yO     
n.缩略词,缩写式,害病
参考例句:
  • The contraction of this muscle raises the lower arm.肌肉的收缩使前臂抬起。
  • The forces of expansion are balanced by forces of contraction.扩张力和收缩力相互平衡。
48 constraint rYnzo     
n.(on)约束,限制;限制(或约束)性的事物
参考例句:
  • The boy felt constraint in her presence.那男孩在她面前感到局促不安。
  • The lack of capital is major constraint on activities in the informal sector.资本短缺也是影响非正规部门生产经营的一个重要制约因素。
49 malleable Qwdyo     
adj.(金属)可锻的;有延展性的;(性格)可训练的
参考例句:
  • Silver is the most malleable of all metals.银是延展性最好的金属。
  • Scientists are finding that the adult human brain is far more malleable than they once thought.科学家发现成人大脑的可塑性远超过他们之前认识到的。
50 ductile BrFxb     
adj.易延展的,柔软的
参考例句:
  • Steel in this class is tough,ductile and easily machined.这种钢强韧,延展性好,而且容易加工。
  • The metal is very hard and strong and less ductile than before.金属会非常坚硬、坚固,并比以前减少了韧性。
51 corrosive wzsxn     
adj.腐蚀性的;有害的;恶毒的
参考例句:
  • Many highly corrosive substances are used in the nuclear industry.核工业使用许多腐蚀性很强的物质。
  • Many highly corrosive substances are used in the nuclear industry.核工业使用许多腐蚀性很强的物质。
52 susceptible 4rrw7     
adj.过敏的,敏感的;易动感情的,易受感动的
参考例句:
  • Children are more susceptible than adults.孩子比成人易受感动。
  • We are all susceptible to advertising.我们都易受广告的影响。
53 furrows 4df659ff2160099810bd673d8f892c4f     
n.犁沟( furrow的名词复数 );(脸上的)皱纹v.犁田,开沟( furrow的第三人称单数 )
参考例句:
  • I could tell from the deep furrows in her forehead that she was very disturbed by the news. 从她额头深深的皱纹上,我可以看出她听了这个消息非常不安。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Dirt bike trails crisscrossed the grassy furrows. 越野摩托车的轮迹纵横交错地布满条条草沟。 来自辞典例句
54 transformation SnFwO     
n.变化;改造;转变
参考例句:
  • Going to college brought about a dramatic transformation in her outlook.上大学使她的观念发生了巨大的变化。
  • He was struggling to make the transformation from single man to responsible husband.他正在努力使自己由单身汉变为可靠的丈夫。
55 transformations dfc3424f78998e0e9ce8980c12f60650     
n.变化( transformation的名词复数 );转换;转换;变换
参考例句:
  • Energy transformations go on constantly, all about us. 在我们周围,能量始终在不停地转换着。 来自辞典例句
  • On the average, such transformations balance out. 平均起来,这种转化可以互相抵消。 来自辞典例句
56 ribs 24fc137444401001077773555802b280     
n.肋骨( rib的名词复数 );(船或屋顶等的)肋拱;肋骨状的东西;(织物的)凸条花纹
参考例句:
  • He suffered cracked ribs and bruising. 他断了肋骨还有挫伤。
  • Make a small incision below the ribs. 在肋骨下方切开一个小口。
57 ripples 10e54c54305aebf3deca20a1472f4b96     
逐渐扩散的感觉( ripple的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The moon danced on the ripples. 月亮在涟漪上舞动。
  • The sea leaves ripples on the sand. 海水在沙滩上留下了波痕。
58 drawn MuXzIi     
v.拖,拉,拔出;adj.憔悴的,紧张的
参考例句:
  • All the characters in the story are drawn from life.故事中的所有人物都取材于生活。
  • Her gaze was drawn irresistibly to the scene outside.她的目光禁不住被外面的风景所吸引。
59 axis sdXyz     
n.轴,轴线,中心线;坐标轴,基准线
参考例句:
  • The earth's axis is the line between the North and South Poles.地轴是南北极之间的线。
  • The axis of a circle is its diameter.圆的轴线是其直径。
60 ceramic lUsyc     
n.制陶业,陶器,陶瓷工艺
参考例句:
  • The order for ceramic tiles has been booked in.瓷砖的订单已登记下来了。
  • Some ceramic works of art are shown in this exhibition.这次展览会上展出了一些陶瓷艺术品。
61 refractory GCOyK     
adj.倔强的,难驾驭的
参考例句:
  • He is a very refractory child.他是一个很倔强的孩子。
  • Silicate minerals are characteristically refractory and difficult to break down.硅酸盐矿物的特点是耐熔和难以分离。
62 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的;v.应用,适用
参考例句:
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
63 wrought EoZyr     
v.引起;以…原料制作;运转;adj.制造的
参考例句:
  • Events in Paris wrought a change in British opinion towards France and Germany.巴黎发生的事件改变了英国对法国和德国的看法。
  • It's a walking stick with a gold head wrought in the form of a flower.那是一个金质花形包头的拐杖。
64 physically iNix5     
adj.物质上,体格上,身体上,按自然规律
参考例句:
  • He was out of sorts physically,as well as disordered mentally.他浑身不舒服,心绪也很乱。
  • Every time I think about it I feel physically sick.一想起那件事我就感到极恶心。
65 molecules 187c25e49d45ad10b2f266c1fa7a8d49     
分子( molecule的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • The structure of molecules can be seen under an electron microscope. 分子的结构可在电子显微镜下观察到。
  • Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules. 在反应堆里,大分子裂变为小分子。
66 solidifies b0f1c3548c8c3da1b2e353ad9a9b5a4c     
(使)成为固体,(使)变硬,(使)变得坚固( solidify的第三人称单数 ); 使团结一致; 充实,巩固; 具体化
参考例句:
  • Jelly solidifies as it gets cold. 肉冻冷却就凝固。
  • It is stirred with 10%sodium carbonate solution(50ml)and then with water (50ml), after which It'solidifies. 与10%碳酸钠溶液(50毫升)混合搅拌,然后再用50毫升水混合搅拌,从而析出固体。
67 specimen Xvtwm     
n.样本,标本
参考例句:
  • You'll need tweezers to hold up the specimen.你要用镊子来夹这标本。
  • This specimen is richly variegated in colour.这件标本上有很多颜色。
68 exterior LlYyr     
adj.外部的,外在的;表面的
参考例句:
  • The seed has a hard exterior covering.这种子外壳很硬。
  • We are painting the exterior wall of the house.我们正在给房子的外墙涂漆。
69 depressed xu8zp9     
adj.沮丧的,抑郁的,不景气的,萧条的
参考例句:
  • When he was depressed,he felt utterly divorced from reality.他心情沮丧时就感到完全脱离了现实。
  • His mother was depressed by the sad news.这个坏消息使他的母亲意志消沉。
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