西方婚礼的习俗中有一项是客人们要向新郎和新娘身上抛洒大米。这是一项自古罗马时代就有的习俗，只不过那时人们抛洒的是谷物、旨在祝贺新婚夫妇子孙满堂、人丁兴旺。除了良好的祝愿外，这种大米/谷物还有一个神秘的作用，是什么呢？就让我们来看看吧！

Since early Roman times some grain - usually wheat - has been associated with the wedding ceremony.

The basis for the predominant theory as to why rice and other grains, such as wheat, have played aprominent role in marriage ceremonies for centuries, is that they are fraught¹ with symbolism of fertility and of prosperity. By throwing rice at the bride and groom² at a wedding, guests symbolically⁴ wish them a lifetime full of these blessings⁵.

Historically, in certain primitive⁶ tribal⁷ cultures, the mere⁸ act of supping on rice together bound a couple in matrimony, as eating this local food together implied their living together. In other cultures, the symbolic³ eating of rice together preceded a shower of rice over the married couple.

Perhaps the most curious use of rice in the wedding ceremony, was its use in some cultures not to unite the happy couple, but to feed the uninvited evil spirits who always attended the ceremony. The rationale behind this practice was to ward⁹ off evil, as well-fed evil spirits would bring no harm to the blissful couple.

In early Roman times, wheat was the grain of choice for the wedding ceremony, as wheat, not rice, symbolized¹⁰ fertility. Thevirginal bride carried a sheaf of wheat in her hand throughout the ceremony, or wore a garland of wheat in her hair. Instead of the bride tossing a bouquet¹¹, as is traditionally done today, wedding guests tossed grains of wheat at her, and young, single girls clambered for the grains that bounced off of the young bride, believing that these grains could ensure them a trip down the bridal path soon thereafter.

The wheat tossing custom fell by the wayside under the reign¹² of Queen Elizabeth I of England, when the once airborne wheat instead was baked into small cakes, which the guests then crumbled¹³ and tossed over the bride's head. Even this tradition gave way to another, in which a large wheat cake was baked, then eaten, not tossed. Wedding guests, literally¹⁴ left empty-handed, had norecourse but to find a suitable substitute for the costly¹⁵ wheat cakes. They needed something to toss at the bride to reinstate themselves as active participants in the ceremony. The natural choice was none other than cheap, clean, white rice, and the tradition then born has stuck to this day.

fraught:充满

fertility:肥沃，多产

matrimony:结婚

rationale:基本原理

ward off:避开，挡住

blissful:有福的

virginal:贞洁的，无暇的

sheaf:捆，束

garland:花环

recourse:求助，追索权