棉布袋真的对环境无害吗?
文章来源:未知 文章作者:enread 发布时间:2021-09-10 05:01 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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今年流行背什么包?如果你稍微留意一下,你会发现周围的很多女生都背着棉布手提袋,看上去轻便又环保。但是棉布袋真的对环境无害吗?事实可能会让你大吃一惊!
 
Cotton bags have become a means for brands, retailers1 and supermarkets to telegraph a planet-friendly mindset – or, at least, to show that the companies are aware of the overuse of plastic in packaging.
棉布袋已经成为品牌、零售店和超市传达环保理念的一种手段,至少是要表明企业对于过度使用塑料包装的态度。
 
"There's a trend in New York right now where people are wearing merch: carrying totes from local delis, hardware stores or their favourite steakhouse," says designer Rachel Comey.
设计师瑞秋·科米说:“纽约当下掀起了一波背环保购物袋的风气,包括本地熟食店、五金店和最喜爱的牛排餐厅的手提袋。”
 
So far, so Earth-friendly? Not exactly. It turns out the wholehearted embrace of cotton totes may actually have created a new problem.
到现在为止看起来是不是很环保?未必。事实证明,棉布手提袋潮流可能引发了新的问题。
 
An organic cotton tote needs to be used 20,000 times to offset2 its overall impact of production, according to a 2018 study by the Ministry3 of Environment and Food of Denmark. That equates4 to daily use for 54 years – for just one bag. 
丹麦环境和食品部2018年的一项研究发现,一个有机棉手提袋需要被使用2万次才能抵消其生产过程中对环境的总体影响。也就是说,必须每日坚持使用一个手提袋长达54年。
 
Cotton is water-intensive, and figuring out how to dispose of a tote in an environmentally low-impact way is not nearly as simple as people think, according to Travis Wagner, an environmental science professor at the University of Maine.
缅因大学环境科学系教授特拉维斯·瓦格纳指出,棉布的生产需要耗费大量水资源,用尽可能环保的方式处理废弃棉布袋也远远没有人们想的那么简单。
 
You can't, for example, just put a tote in a compost bin5, and only 15 percent of the 30 million tons of cotton produced every year actually makes its way to textile depositories. Even when a tote does make it to a treatment plant, most dyes used to print logos onto them are PVC-based and thus not recyclable; they're "extremely difficult to break down chemically," said Christopher Stanev, the co-founder of Evrnu, a Seattle-based textile recycling firm. Printed patterns have to be cut out of the cloth; Mr. Stanev estimates 10 to 15 percent of the cotton Evrnu receives is wasted this way.
比如说,你不能直接将棉布袋放进堆肥箱里。每年生产出的3000万吨棉布只有15%会被制成纺织品。即使一个棉布袋进入了垃圾处理厂,多数用于印刷标识的染料都是聚氯乙烯材质的,无法被回收利用。位于西雅图的纺织品回收公司Evrnu的联合创始人克里斯多夫·史坦涅夫说,这些染料“极难被化学分解”。棉布上印有图案的部分必须被裁掉,据史坦涅夫估计,Evrnu公司收到的棉制品约有10%到15%是这样被浪费掉的。
 
That's not to say cotton is worse than plastic, or that the two should even be compared. While cotton can use pesticides6 and has dried up rivers from water consumption, lightweight plastic bags use greenhouse gas-emitting fossil fuels, are not biodegrade and clog7 up the oceans.
这并不是说棉布袋比塑料袋更糟,或者二者可以相提并论。尽管生产棉花需要使用杀虫剂,还会耗费大量的水,但是制作轻薄塑料袋的化石燃料会产生温室气体,不能被生物降解,还会在海洋中堆积成山。
 
Buffy Reid, of the knitwear label &Daughter, halted production of her cotton bags in April this year. Aesop is converting the composition of its shopping bags to a 60-40 blend of recycled and organic cotton. "It will cost us 15 percent more," says Suzanne Santos, the chief customer officer of Aesop, but "it reduces water by 70 percent to 80 percent".
针织服装品牌&Daughter的巴菲·里德今年四月已经停止生产棉布袋。护肤品牌伊索开始转向生产60%回收棉和40%有机棉混纺的购物袋。伊索的首席客户官苏珊娜·桑托斯说:“这将让我们的成本增加15%,但是能使耗水量降低70%到80%。”
 
Some brands are turning to other textile solutions. Designer Ally Capellino recently swapped8 cotton for hemp9, while Hindmarch introduced a new version of her original tote, this time made from recycled water bottles; Nordstrom also uses similar bags in its stores.
一些品牌转而使用其他针织面料。设计师箱包品牌Ally Capellino最近用麻取代了棉,而希德玛芝品牌推出了一款用回收水瓶制作的新版原创手袋。诺德斯特龙百货店也在门店使用了类似材质的购物袋。
 
In the end, the simplest solution may be the most obvious. "Not every product needs a bag," Comey says.
说到底,最简单的解决方案或许也是最显而易见的。正如科米所说:“不是每个产品都需要袋子。”


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 retailers 08ff8df43efeef1abfd3410ef6661c95     
零售商,零售店( retailer的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • High street retailers reported a marked increase in sales before Christmas. 商业街的零售商报告说圣诞节前销售量显著提高。
  • Retailers have a statutory duty to provide goods suitable for their purpose. 零售商有为他们提供符合要求的货品的法定义务。
2 offset mIZx8     
n.分支,补偿;v.抵消,补偿
参考例句:
  • Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
  • He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。
3 ministry kD5x2     
n.(政府的)部;牧师
参考例句:
  • They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
  • We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。
4 equates 7b5a7f0640b2cedfd39d5d5473d911d4     
v.认为某事物(与另一事物)相等或相仿( equate的第三人称单数 );相当于;等于;把(一事物) 和(另一事物)等同看待
参考例句:
  • He equates success with material wealth. 他认为成功等同于物质财富。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This equates to increased and vigor, better sleep and sharper mental acuity. 也就是说可以起到增强活力,改善睡眠,提高心智的作用。 来自互联网
5 bin yR2yz     
n.箱柜;vt.放入箱内;[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件
参考例句:
  • He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
  • He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。
6 pesticides abb0488ed6905584ea91347395a890e8     
n.杀虫剂( pesticide的名词复数 );除害药物
参考例句:
  • vegetables grown without the use of pesticides 未用杀虫剂种植的蔬菜
  • There is a lot of concern over the amount of herbicides and pesticides used in farming. 人们对农业上灭草剂和杀虫剂的用量非常担忧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
7 clog 6qzz8     
vt.塞满,阻塞;n.[常pl.]木屐
参考例句:
  • In cotton and wool processing,short length fibers may clog sewers.在棉毛生产中,短纤维可能堵塞下水管道。
  • These streets often clog during the rush hour.这几条大街在交通高峰时间常常发生交通堵塞。
8 swapped 3982604ac592befc46570aef4e827102     
交换(工作)( swap的过去式和过去分词 ); 用…替换,把…换成,掉换(过来)
参考例句:
  • I liked her coat and she liked mine, so we swapped. 我喜欢她的外套,她喜欢我的外套,于是我们就交换了。
  • At half-time the manager swapped some of the players around. 经理在半场时把几名队员换下了场。
9 hemp 5rvzFn     
n.大麻;纤维
参考例句:
  • The early Chinese built suspension bridges of hemp rope.古代的中国人建造过麻绳悬索桥。
  • The blanket was woven from hemp and embroidered with wool.毯子是由亚麻编织,羊毛镶边的。
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