英语法律术语解析:性骚扰
文章来源: 文章作者: 发布时间:2007-04-03 06:15 字体: [ ]  进入论坛
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英文:

  Sexual harassment1 is defined as unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. All circumstances are taken into consideration when deciding if sexual harassment has occurred. This includes the nature and frequency of the advances and the conditions under which the offender2 made them. If you've been the victim of sexual harassment, you should immediately notify your supervisor3. If your supervisor is the harasser4, you should go to the supervisor's superior. If your company has a grievance5 procedure for sexual harassment claims, you should use it. An employee can also file a claim with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, or EEOC. This process is the same as with other types of discrimination. It includes the right to sue in federal court. Both federal and state civil rights laws were enacted7 to protect citizens from sexual harassment from their employers. If you feel you have been the subject of sexual harassment and it has caused you to be terminated or otherwise treated unfairly by your employer, you may be able to file a lawsuit8 and recover damages. For more information on sexual harassment, you can contact your local EEOC office, your state's civil rights agency, or an attorney knowledgeable9 in the area of civil rights.

  译文:

  性骚扰指的是令人讨厌的性示意,要求(提供)性服务或指其它本质上的性行为例如用语言或肢体行为进行骚扰。当判断是否发生性骚扰时,所有这些都是被考虑的因素,这包括性行为的本质、性示意发生的次数以及侵犯者是在何种情况下所做的行为。如果你是性骚扰的受害者,你应当立即告知你的主管,如果你的主管本人就是骚扰者,你应当向主管的上司报告;如果你的公司有性骚扰举报的申诉程序,你应当使用这一程序。雇员同样可向"平等就业机会委员会"(缩写为 EEOC)主张自己的权利,这与其它类型的因受到歧视而主张权力的程序是一样的。它包括向联邦法庭起诉的权利,联邦与州(相关的)的民事权利法律的制定就是为了保护人们免受他们雇主的性骚扰。如果你认为自己已成为了性骚扰的目标,并使你遭受雇主的解雇或是被不公平对待,你也许可以打官司并要求赔偿。要想了解更多的有关(对付)性骚扰的信息,你可以与当地的"平等就业机会委员会"、本州的民事权利代理机构(通常应指律所)或熟知民事权利领域的律师取得联系。(笔者注:这些机构都能给你提供帮助,在中国通常有妇联、政府信访办、律师事务所、法院等机构能提供帮助)

  注释:

  1 harassment n.折磨

  2 define vt.定义, 详细说明

  3 unwelcome adj.不受欢迎的, 讨厌的

  4 advances n. 接近,友好的表示;求爱

  5 requests for 要求

  6 favors n.好感, 宠爱, 关切, 欢心, 好意, 喜爱

  vt.支持, 赞成, 照顾, 促成, 象, 喜欢, 证实, 赐予

  7 verbal adj.口头的

  8 physical adj.身体的, 物质的, 自然的, 物理的

  n.体格检查

  9 conduct n.行为, 操行

  v.引导, 管理, 为人, 传导

  10 nature n.自然, 自然界, 大自然, 自然状态, 本性,

  天性, 种类

  11 circumstance n.环境, 详情, 境况

  12 consideration n.体谅, 考虑, 需要考虑的事项, 报酬

  13 frequency n.频率, 周率, 发生次数

  14 offender n.罪犯, 冒犯者

  15 victim n.受害人, 牺牲者, 牺牲品

  16 notify v.通报

  17 supervisor n.监督人, 管理人, 检查员, 督学,

  主管人, [计](网络)超级用户

  18 harasser

  19 grievance n.委屈, 冤情, 不平

  20 claim n.(根据权利提出)要求, 要求权, 主张,

  要求而得到的东西

  vt.(根据权利)要求, 认领, 声称, 主张, 需要

  21 file n.文件, 档案, 文件夹, 卷宗, 锉刀

  vt.把……归档, 提出(申请等), 锉, 琢磨

  vi.列队行进, 用锉刀锉

  22 discrimination n.辨别, 区别, 识别力, 辨别力, 歧视

  23 enact6 vt.制定法律, 颁布, 扮演

  24 subject n.题目, 主题, 科目, 学科, 国民,

  [语法]主语

  adj.受他国统治的, 未独立的, 受制于……的, 受……影响的,

  以……为条件的

  vt.使屈从于……,使隶属

  25 terminate v.停止, 结束, 终止



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1 harassment weNxI     
n.骚扰,扰乱,烦恼,烦乱
参考例句:
  • She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
  • The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。
2 offender ZmYzse     
n.冒犯者,违反者,犯罪者
参考例句:
  • They all sued out a pardon for an offender.他们请求法院赦免一名罪犯。
  • The authorities often know that sex offenders will attack again when they are released.当局一般都知道性犯罪者在获释后往往会再次犯案。
3 supervisor RrZwv     
n.监督人,管理人,检查员,督学,主管,导师
参考例句:
  • Between you and me I think that new supervisor is a twit.我们私下说,我认为新来的主管人是一个傻瓜。
  • He said I was too flighty to be a good supervisor.他说我太轻浮不能成为一名好的管理员。
4 harasser 52cef26bced4828e59ee1646c8efcf6a     
参考例句:
  • Inform the harasser that his or her attentions are unwanted. 告诉骚扰人他/她的注意是不需要的。 来自互联网
  • Understand that this is the same with our workplace bully and harasser. 了解职场欺负者和骚扰者也是这样。 来自互联网
5 grievance J6ayX     
n.怨愤,气恼,委屈
参考例句:
  • He will not easily forget his grievance.他不会轻易忘掉他的委屈。
  • He had been nursing a grievance against his boss for months.几个月来他对老板一直心怀不满。
6 enact tjEz0     
vt.制定(法律);上演,扮演
参考例句:
  • The U.S. Congress has exclusive authority to enact federal legislation.美国国会是唯一有权颁布联邦法律的。
  • For example,a country can enact laws and economic policies to attract foreign investment fairly quickly.例如一个国家可以很快颁布吸引外资的法令和经济政策。
7 enacted b0a10ad8fca50ba4217bccb35bc0f2a1     
制定(法律),通过(法案)( enact的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • legislation enacted by parliament 由议会通过的法律
  • Outside in the little lobby another scene was begin enacted. 外面的小休息室里又是另一番景象。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
8 lawsuit A14xy     
n.诉讼,控诉
参考例句:
  • They threatened him with a lawsuit.他们以诉讼威逼他。
  • He was perpetually involving himself in this long lawsuit.他使自己无休止地卷入这场长时间的诉讼。
9 knowledgeable m2Yxg     
adj.知识渊博的;有见识的
参考例句:
  • He's quite knowledgeable about the theatre.他对戏剧很有心得。
  • He made some knowledgeable remarks at the meeting.他在会上的发言颇有见地。
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