第五十一条 人民法院对行政案件宣告判决或者裁定前，原告申请撤诉的，或者被告改变其所作的具体行政行为，原告同意并申请撤诉的，是否准许，由人民法院裁定。

 

Article 51 Before a people's court announces its judgment¹ or order on an administrative² case, if the plaintiff applies for the withdrawal³ of the suit, or if the defendant⁴ amends⁵ its specific administrative act and, as a result, the plaintiff agrees and applies for the withdrawal of the suit, the people's court shall decide whether or not to grant the approval.

 

第五十二条 人民法院审理行政案件，以法律和行政法规、地方性法规为依据。地方性法规适用于本行政区域内发生的行政案件。

 

Article 52 In handling administrative cases, the people's courts shall take the law, administrative rules and regulations and local regulations as the criteria⁶. Local regulations shall be applicable to administrative cases within the corresponding administrative areas.

 

人民法院审理民族自治地方的行政案件，并以该民族自治地方的自治条例和单行条例为依据。

 

In handling administrative cases of a national autonomous⁷ area, the people's courts shall also take the regulations on autonomy and separate regulations of the national autonomous area as the criteria.

 

第五十三条 人民法院审理行政案件，参照国务院部、委根据法律和国务院的行政法规、决定、命令制定、发布的规章以及省、自治区、直辖市和省、自治区的人民政府所在地的市和经国务院批准的较大的市的人民政府根据法律和国务院的行政法规制定、发布的规章。

 

Article 53 In handling administrative cases, the people's courts shall take, as references, regulations formulated⁸ and announced by ministries⁹ or commissions under the State Council in accordance with the law and administrative rules and regulations, decisions or orders of the State Council and regulations formulated and announced, in accordance with the law and administrative rules and regulations of the State Council, by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, of the cities where the people's governments of provinces and autonomous regions are located, and of the larger cities approved as such by the State Council.

 

人民法院认为地方人民政府制定、发布的规章与国务院部、委制定、发布的规章不一致的，以及国务院部、委制定、发布的规章之间不一致的，由最高人民法院送请国务院作出解释或者裁决。

 

If a people's court considers regulations formulated and announced by a local people's government to be inconsistent with regulations formulated and announced by a ministry¹⁰ or commission under the State Council, or if it considers regulations formulated and announced by ministries or commissions under the State Council to be inconsistent with each other, the Supreme¹¹ People's Court shall refer the matter to the State Council for interpretation¹² or ruling.

 

第五十四条 人民法院经过审理，根据不同情况，分别作出以下判决：

 

Article 54 After hearing a case, a people's court shall make the following judgments¹³ according to the varying conditions:

 

（一）具体行政行为证据确凿，适用法律、法规正确，符合法定程序的，判决维持。

 

(1) If the evidence for undertaking¹⁴ a specific administrative act is conclusive¹⁵, the application of the law and regulations to the act is correct, and the legal procedure is complied with, the specific administrative act shall be sustained by judgment.

 

（二）具体行政行为有下列情形之一的，判决撤销或者部分撤销，并可以判决被告重新作出具体行政行为：

 

(2) If a specific administrative act has been undertaken in one of the following circumstances, the act shall be annulled¹⁶ or partially¹⁷ annulled by judgment, or the defendant may be required by judgment to undertake a specific administrative act anew:

 

⒈主要证据不足的；

 

a. inadequacy¹⁸ of essential evidence;

 

⒉适用法律、法规错误的；

 

b. erroneous application of the law or regulations;

 

⒊违反法定程序的；

 

c. violation¹⁹ of legal procedure;

 

⒋超越职权的；

 

d. exceeding authority;

 

⒌滥用职权的。

 

or e. abuse of powers.

 

（三）被告不履行或者拖延履行法定职责的，判决其在一定期限内履行。

 

(3) If a defendant fails to perform or delays the performance of his statutory duty, a fixed²⁰ time shall be set by judgment for his performance of the duty.

 

（四）行政处罚显失公正的，可以判决变更。

 

(4) If an administrative sanction is obviously unfair, it may be amended²¹ by judgment.

 

第五十五条 人民法院判决被告重新作出具体行政行为的，被告不得以同一的事实和理由作出与原具体行政行为基本相同的具体行政行为。

 

Article 55 A defendant who has been judged by a people's court to undertake a specific administrative act anew must not, based on the same fact and reason, undertake a specific administrative act essentially²² identical with the original act.

 

第五十六条 人民法院在审理行政案件中，认为行政机关的主管人员、直接责任人员违反政纪的，应当将有关材料移送该行政机关或者其上一级行政机关或者监察、人事机关；

 

Article 56 In handling administrative cases, if a people's court considers the head of an administrative organ or the person directly in charge to have violated administrative discipline, it shall transfer the relevant materials to the administrative organ or the administrative organ at the next higher level or to a supervisory or personnel department;

 

认为有犯罪行为的，应当将有关材料移送公安、检察机关。

 

if a people's court considers the person to have committed a crime, it shall transfer the relevant materials to the public security and procuratorial organs.

 

第五十七条 人民法院应当在立案之日起三个月内作出第一审判决。

 

Article 57 A people's court shall pass a judgment of first instance within three months from the day of filing the case.

 

有特殊情况需要延长的，由高级人民法院批准，高级人民法院审理第一审案件需要延长的，由最高人民法院批准。

 

Extent of the time limit necessitated²³ by special circumstances shall be approved by a higher people's court, extent of the time limit for handling a case of first instance by a higher people's court, extent of the time limit for handling a case of first instance by a higher people's court shall be approved by the Supreme People's Court.

 

第五十八条 当事人不服人民法院第一审判决的，有权在判决书送达之日起十五日内向上一级人民法院提起上诉。

 

Article 58 If a party refuses to accept a judgment of first instance by a people's court, he shall have the right to file an appeal with the people's court at the next higher level within 15 days of the serving of the written judgment.

 

当事人不服人民法院第一审裁定的，有权在裁定书送达之日起十日内向上一级人民法院提起上诉。

 

If a party refuses to accept an order of first instance by a people's court, he shall have the right to file an appeal with the people's court at the next higher level within 10 days of the serving of the written order.

 

逾期不提起上诉的，人民法院的第一审判决或者裁定发生法律效力。

 

All judgments and orders of first instance by a people's court that have not been appealed within the prescribed time limit shall be legally effective.

 

第五十九条 人民法院对上诉案件，认为事实清楚的，可以实行书面审理。

 

Article 59 A people's court may handle an appealed case by examining the court records, if it considers the facts clearly ascertained²⁴.

 

第六十条 人民法院审理上诉案件，应当在收到上诉状之日起两个月内作出终审判决。

 

Article 60 In handling an appealed case, a people's court shall make a final judgment within two months from the day of receiving the appeal.

 

有特殊情况需要延长的，由高级人民法院批准，高级人民法院审理上诉案件需要延长的，由最高人民法院批准。

 

Extent of the time limit necessitated by special circumstances shall be approved by a higher people's court, extent of the time limit for handling an appealed case by a higher people's court shall be approved by the Supreme People's Court.

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