2000年8月托福听力文字答案b
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25 man:this isn’t the dish i ordered,but i’m glad i got it.it’s delicious. 
woman:as far as i’m concerned, the waiter should still hear about it. 
Question 36 through 39; 
man:let’s say you are geologist,and u want to investigatethe geological  
histroy of a place.that is,how did geologists1 determine things  
like...say ..how were the rocks formed? or was an area once under water?if  
so,when?how should u about it? 
woman:i’d start with stratigraphy. 
man:could u explain what this is to the class? 
woman:well,stratigraphy is the description of strata2 in sedimentary rock.i  
guess that’s not so clear,huh?ok,let’s say one of the investigators4 thought  
near a river,for example.well, over the history of the area,every time the  
river flooded,it would deposit a layer of sediment3 all through with  
flooded,it would deposit a layer of sediment all through with  
floodplain.sometimes a bigger layer,sometimes a smaller,depending on the  
size of the flood. well, one layer or stratum5 gets deposited over  
another.obviously these strata built up over millions of years.  
Stratigraphy is the study of these layers of deposited settlement. 
man:so does that mean if i exmaine each of these strata,i can tell how long  
ago each one is deposited? 
woman:not necessarily.u see,there might’ve been some years when the river  
didn’t flood and no settlement was deposited.you need other kinds of  
evidence to tell how much time might’ve gone by between when one layer got  
deposited and one on top of it got deposited. 
man:and what are those other kinds of evidence u are talking about? 
woman:well,fossils for one.u can determine exactly how old a fossil is and  
that’s how u can tell how the rock surrounding it is. 
man:very good.the discovery of that particular technique is an interesting  
story.it was a man named William Smith who first used fossils for the  
purpose of dating strata back in the 1800s.let’s take a look at how he went  
about making this geological breakthrough. 
36 what is the discussionmainly about? 
37 what does the woman explain when she talks about rivers? 
38 according to the discussion,why are geologists unable to determine the  
geological age of an area by studying sediment deposit alone? 
39 what will the class paobably discuss next? 
Question 40 through 43; 
Recently some anthropologist6 conducated an interesting case study in  
ehnology. now ethnology as u reacall is a branch of anthropology7 that deal  
with how various cultrues develped change. the study was about the  
development of basket weaving by African-american women who live in the  
town of Mount Pleasant,South Carolina.the town is known for its high  
quality sweet grass baskets which are woven bye these women.they’ve been  
weaving the baskets for generations,handing down the skiss from mother to  
daughter. some of the baskets have been place on permanent display at the  
Philadelphia Museum of Art.the origin of their basket weaing dates back to  
the 17th century and even earlier when these women’s ancestors came to the  
United States from the west coast of Africa. Now,it’s mainly a hobby.but  
back in the 17th and 18th century African and American women wove the  
baskets for use on hte rice plantations8.there were two types of backets  
then:workbaskets and baskets for use in the home. the wrokbaskets were made  
out of the more delicate sweet grass.they were used for everything from  
fruit baskets to baby cradles. 
40 what is the talk mainly about? 
41 how did the women mentioned in the talk learn to wave basket? 
42 according to the speaker,what type of baskets was make out of bulrush? 
43 what is the main reason taht the women in South Carolina now weave  
baskets? 
Questions 44 through 46: 
this morning i want to tell u about a recent scientific discovery dealing  
with the relation between plants and animals.this is about a desert shrub  
whose leaves can shoot up a stream of poisonous resin9 a distance of six  
feet.do you think it would be safe from all attacks by insects.but a recent  
study has found one insect,a beetle10,that can chew its way past the plant’s  
defense11 system by cutting the mainly vein12 that delivers the poison to the  
leaves.this vein cutting is jut13 one method the beetles14 used to prepare a  
safe meal.another is by cutting a path all the way across the leave to hold  
the flow of chemicals.then they simply eat between the veins15 of poison.in  
the past,scienists who studied inset adaptation to plant defenses have  
focused on chemical responses.that is,how the insects can neutrala or alter  
the poisonous substances plants produce.what’s unique about this chewing  
strategy is that the beetle is actually exhibiting a behavior response to  
the plant’s defenses rather than the more commom chemical response. it is  
only after a beetle’s survived weveral encounters with the plant’ resin  
that it learns how to avoid the poison:by chewing through the resin  
transporting veins on the next leaf it eats.and thus gives itself a  
meal.however,it can take a bettle an hours an a half of careful vein  
cutting to prepare a small leaf that takes it only a few minutes to  
eat.so,though the method is effective,it’s not very efficient. 
41 what is the talk mainly about? 
42 what is unusual about the desert plant? 
43 how can the beetles avoid being poisoned by the plant? 
Questions 47 through 50: 
we’re going to start our discussion of poetry in Western Europe with the  
Iliad and the Odyssey16.these two great poems stand out as great examples of  
the earliest Euopean poems.they are believeed to have been written some  
time between 800BC and 700BC,partly because the poems refer to the social  
conditions of that time,conditions that have been validated17 by the findings  
of archeologists.but just who was the poet who laid down these cornerstones  
of western literature?well,tradition ascribles them to a man named  
Homer,but we know virtually nothing about this Homer.In fact,some say that  
such a poet never existed at all,that neither the Iliad nor the Odyssey was  
written by a single poet,but rather each poem is composed of the writings  
of several people.this,anyway,is the view of a school of literary critics  
in the 18th century known as the Analysts18. the Analysts pointed19 to internal  
evidence such as variations in the literary devices used in the poem to  
argue that each work waaas in fact a collection of sereral poems by several  
Greek authors.Opposing the ananlysts were a second group of scholars called  
the Unitarian. they insisted that the Iliad and the Odyssey could have been  
the wrok of single poetic20 genius.To support their argument,they stress  
among other things the consistency21 of the character portrayed22 in the  
poetry.this wouldn’t’ve been possilbe,they said,if they were written by  
many different poets.now how we look at the Homeric question today has been  
greatly influenced by someone named Milman Parry,an American scholar who  
first presented his ideas about Homer in the 1930s. so let’s take a look at  
Parry’s research and how it affects what modern day scholars think about  
Homer. 
47 what aspect of the Iliad and the Odyssey does the professor mainly  
discuss? 
48 according to the professor,what is one of the claims made by the  
analysts? 
49 According to the Unitarians,what is one type of evidence that a single  
poet could have written both the Iliad and the Odyssey? 
50 What will the professor probably talk about next?


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 geologists 1261592151f6aa40819f7687883760a2     
地质学家,地质学者( geologist的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Geologists uncovered the hidden riches. 地质学家发现了地下的宝藏。
  • Geologists study the structure of the rocks. 地质学家研究岩石结构。
2 strata GUVzv     
n.地层(复数);社会阶层
参考例句:
  • The older strata gradually disintegrate.较老的岩层渐渐风化。
  • They represent all social strata.他们代表各个社会阶层。
3 sediment IsByK     
n.沉淀,沉渣,沉积(物)
参考例句:
  • The sediment settled and the water was clear.杂质沉淀后,水变清了。
  • Sediment begins to choke the channel's opening.沉积物开始淤塞河道口。
4 investigators e970f9140785518a87fc81641b7c89f7     
n.调查者,审查者( investigator的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
  • The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》
5 stratum TGHzK     
n.地层,社会阶层
参考例句:
  • The coal is a coal resource that reserves in old stratum.石煤是贮藏在古老地层中的一种煤炭资源。
  • How does Chinese society define the class and stratum?中国社会如何界定阶级与阶层?
6 anthropologist YzgzPk     
n.人类学家,人类学者
参考例句:
  • The lecturer is an anthropologist.这位讲师是人类学家。
  • The anthropologist unearthed the skull of an ancient human at the site.人类学家在这个遗址挖掘出那块古人类的颅骨。
7 anthropology zw2zQ     
n.人类学
参考例句:
  • I believe he has started reading up anthropology.我相信他已开始深入研究人类学。
  • Social anthropology is centrally concerned with the diversity of culture.社会人类学主要关于文化多样性。
8 plantations ee6ea2c72cc24bed200cd75cf6fbf861     
n.种植园,大农场( plantation的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Soon great plantations, supported by slave labor, made some families very wealthy. 不久之后出现了依靠奴隶劳动的大庄园,使一些家庭成了富豪。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
  • Winterborne's contract was completed, and the plantations were deserted. 维恩特波恩的合同完成后,那片林地变得荒废了。 来自辞典例句
9 resin bCqyY     
n.树脂,松香,树脂制品;vt.涂树脂
参考例句:
  • This allyl type resin is a highly transparent, colourless material.这种烯丙基型的树脂是一种高度透明的、无色材料。
  • This is referred to as a thixotropic property of the resin.这种特性叫做树脂的触变性。
10 beetle QudzV     
n.甲虫,近视眼的人
参考例句:
  • A firefly is a type of beetle.萤火虫是一种甲虫。
  • He saw a shiny green beetle on a leaf.我看见树叶上有一只闪闪发光的绿色甲虫。
11 defense AxbxB     
n.防御,保卫;[pl.]防务工事;辩护,答辩
参考例句:
  • The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
  • The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。
12 vein fi9w0     
n.血管,静脉;叶脉,纹理;情绪;vt.使成脉络
参考例句:
  • The girl is not in the vein for singing today.那女孩今天没有心情唱歌。
  • The doctor injects glucose into the patient's vein.医生把葡萄糖注射入病人的静脉。
13 jut ORBzk     
v.突出;n.突出,突出物
参考例句:
  • His mouth started to jut out,and his jaw got longer.他的嘴向前突出,下巴也变长了。
  • His teeth tend to jut out a little.他的牙齿长得有点儿凸出。
14 beetles e572d93f9d42d4fe5aa8171c39c86a16     
n.甲虫( beetle的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • Beetles bury pellets of dung and lay their eggs within them. 甲壳虫把粪粒埋起来,然后在里面产卵。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • This kind of beetles have hard shell. 这类甲虫有坚硬的外壳。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
15 veins 65827206226d9e2d78ea2bfe697c6329     
n.纹理;矿脉( vein的名词复数 );静脉;叶脉;纹理
参考例句:
  • The blood flows from the capillaries back into the veins. 血从毛细血管流回静脉。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • I felt a pleasant glow in all my veins from the wine. 喝过酒后我浑身的血都热烘烘的,感到很舒服。 来自《简明英汉词典》
16 odyssey t5kzU     
n.长途冒险旅行;一连串的冒险
参考例句:
  • The march to Travnik was the final stretch of a 16-hour odyssey.去特拉夫尼克的这段路是长达16小时艰险旅行的最后一程。
  • His odyssey of passion, friendship,love,and revenge was now finished.他的热情、友谊、爱情和复仇的漫长历程,到此结束了。
17 validated c9e825f4641cd3bec0ba01a0c2d67755     
v.证实( validate的过去式和过去分词 );确证;使生效;使有法律效力
参考例句:
  • Time validated our suspicion. 时间证实了我们的怀疑。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • The decade of history since 1927 had richly validated their thesis. 1927年以来的十年的历史,充分证明了他们的论点。 来自辞典例句
18 analysts 167ff30c5034ca70abe2d60a6e760448     
分析家,化验员( analyst的名词复数 )
参考例句:
  • City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
  • I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。
19 pointed Il8zB4     
adj.尖的,直截了当的
参考例句:
  • He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
  • She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
20 poetic b2PzT     
adj.富有诗意的,有诗人气质的,善于抒情的
参考例句:
  • His poetic idiom is stamped with expressions describing group feeling and thought.他的诗中的措辞往往带有描写群体感情和思想的印记。
  • His poetic novels have gone through three different historical stages.他的诗情小说创作经历了三个不同的历史阶段。
21 consistency IY2yT     
n.一贯性,前后一致,稳定性;(液体的)浓度
参考例句:
  • Your behaviour lacks consistency.你的行为缺乏一贯性。
  • We appreciate the consistency and stability in China and in Chinese politics.我们赞赏中国及其政策的连续性和稳定性。
22 portrayed a75f5b1487928c9f7f165b2773c13036     
v.画像( portray的过去式和过去分词 );描述;描绘;描画
参考例句:
  • Throughout the trial, he portrayed himself as the victim. 在审讯过程中,他始终把自己说成是受害者。
  • The author portrayed his father as a vicious drunkard. 作者把他父亲描绘成一个可恶的酒鬼。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
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