2003年9月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案
时间：2006-09-12 08:09:17
（单词翻译:单击）
Part I???????? Listening Comprehension?????(20 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversation. At the end of each conversation. a question wilt1 be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). and decide which is the best answer Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Example: You will hear:
You will read:
??????A) At thee office.
???????B) In the waiting room.
???????C) At the airport.
???????D) In a restaurant.
From tile conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] ID]
1. A) Give Bob a phone call.??????C) Go look for Bob.
? B) Go and pick Bob up.???????D) Wait for Bob.
2. A) She is working in the city.?????C) Jobs are easier to find in the city.
? B) Life in the suburbs is lonely.????D) It's less expensive l/ring in the city.
3. A) In a printing shop.???????? C) At a bookstore.
? B) At a publishing house.???????D) In a library.
4. A) The woman be more careful next time.?C) The woman find a spare key.
? B) They try to think of a solution.???? D) They come downstairs.
5. A) Sending an e-mail.?????????C) Talking on the phone.
? B) Working in an office.????????D) Doing spelling practice.
6. A) Buy something for the picnic.???? C) Go shopping with the man.
? B) Go for a ride around town.??????D) Have a picnic.
7. A) The woman misplaced her class permit for biology.
? B)The woman arrived for registration2 too early.
? C) The woman missed registration for the biology course.
? D) The woman got a wrong class permit.
8. A) The woman likes the weather in New York very much.
? B) The woman will stay in New York a long time.
? C) The man is planning to visit New York.
? D) It's quite cold in New York now.
9. A) The old lady sitting next to the couple likes toys very much.
? B) An old lady took the couple’s suitcase for her own.
? C) The couple's suitcase was stolen in the restaurant.
? D) The man forgot to put the toys in their suitcase.
10. A) She's flying to Hong Kong.
? B) She's going to buy an air ticket.
? C) She's going to say good-bye to Bill.
? D) She's leaving for Hoog Kong with Bill.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage. you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. A)They him only retired3 workers.
??B) They each do jobs they are good at.
??C) They close the hotel during low seasons.
??D) They employ as few workers as possible.
12. A) Staff training.??????????C) Cleaning and washing up.
??B) Book-keeping.????????? D) Gardening and flower arranging.
13. A) They have their hotel beautifully decorated.
??B) They provide delicious food.
??C) They make their guests feel at home.
??D) They give parties regularly for their visitors.
Passage Two
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14. A) To withdraw his deposit.?????? C) To rob the bank.
??B) To cash a cheek.??????????D) To get his prize.
15. A) A radio announcer?????????C) A car mechanic.
??B) A bank employee.?????????D) A movie actor.
16. A) They let him do what he wanted to.??C) They pressed the alarm.
??B) They helped him find large bills.???D) They called the police.
17. A) He was afraid that be would be caught on the spot.
??B) Large bills were not within his reach.
??C) The maximum sum allowed was 55,000.
??D) He was limited by time and the size of his pockets.
Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18. A) A rescuer on the Golden Gate Bridge.??C) A telephone operator.
??B) A professional diver.???????? D) A guard on the Golden Gate Bridge.
19. A) Someone ham fallen off the bridge.
??B) Someone on the bridge is being attacked.
??C) Someone is threatening to destroy the bridge.
??D) Someone on the bridge is attempting to kill himself.
20. A) Call the mother to come fight away.
??B)Try to communicate with them first.
??C) Help them to get out of their misty4.
??D) Remind them that they have children to take care of.
Part Ⅱ???????Reading Comprehension????? (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single ling through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
?? A rectal study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky5 it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
??The autboes also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
??Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” Be says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses7 fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”
??Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate8 (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing9 systems, in which getting a license6 is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a leenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passcager restrictions10, before graduating to full driving privileges.
??Graduated licensing systems have reduced leenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated Hcensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.
21. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
C) Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
22. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ________
A) their frequent driving at night???C) their lack of driving experience
B) their improper11 way of driving???D) their driving with passengers
23. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
D) The licensing authonties are partly responsible for teenagers' driving accidents.
24. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that ________ .
A) driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B) they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C) they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
D) the licensing system should be improved
25. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system ________.
A) is under discussion???????C) has been put into effect
B) is about to be set up?????? D) has been perfected
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
??If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized12 training. A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
??That's especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell's School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor's degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement13. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
??But in the long run, too much specialization doesn't pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary injtially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
??As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀) of corporate14(公司的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out gencralists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained(限制)by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,”says Scheetz.
??This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts15 mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adapeability, and the ability to analyze16 and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz.
26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A) Students with a bachelor's degree in humanities.
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C) People with formal schooling17 plus work experience.
D) People with special training in engineering
27. By saying “…but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means ________.
A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B) an MBA degree does not help promotion18 to managerial positions
C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years' time as they are now
D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got
28. According to Scheetz's statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer ________.
A) people who have a strategic mind
B) people who are talented in fine arts
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D) people who have received training in mechanics
29. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because ________.
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly19 trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management
30. Which of the following statements does the author support?
A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly20.
D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
??About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: "So, how have you been?" And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old —replied. "Frankly21, I've been feeling a little depressed22 lately.''
??This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.
??The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily23 in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
??Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?
??Human development is based not only on innate24 (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social rote25 to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
??In the last 30 years. however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television, Television passes information, and indiscriminately (不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.
??Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.
31. According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.
A) a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child
B) something hardly to be expected in a young child
C) an inevitable26 has of children's mental development
D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children
32. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world ________.
A) through contact with society??? C) naturally and by biological instinct
B) gradually and under guidance???D)through exposure to social information
33. The phenomenon that today’s children seem adultiike is attributed by the author to ________.
A) the widespread influence of television
B) the poor arrangement of teaching content
C) the fast pace of human intellectual development
D) the constantly rising standard of living
34. Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children?
A) It enables children to gain more social information.
B) It develops children's interest in reading and writing.
C) It helps children to memorize and practice more.
D) It can control what children are to learn.
35. What does the author think of the change in today’s children?
A) He feels amused by chair premature27 behavior.
B) He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy28 of note.
C) He considers it a positive development.
D) He seems to be upset about it.
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
??"Opinion" is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment29. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most to attach great importance to it. "I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours, '' and ''Everyone’s entitled to his opinion, '' are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another's opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.
?? Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another's opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend ''What do you think of the new Ford30 cars?" And he may reply, "In my opinion, they're ugly." In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it's obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, ''It's pointless to argue about matters of taste."
?? But consider this very different use of the term, A newspaper reports that the Supreme31 Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously the justices did not shale32 their personal preferences, their mere33 likes and dislikes, They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly34 arrived at after thorough inquiry35 and deliberation.
?? Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually36 arrived at, with or without examining the evidence.
?? Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others.
36. Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the author?
A) Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.
B) Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.
C) Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.
D) Casual use of the word "opinion" often brings about quarrels.
37. According to the author, who of the following would be labored37 as intolerant?
A) Someone who turns a deaf ear to others' opinions.
B) Someone who can't put up with others' tastes.
C) Someone who values only their own opinions.
D) Someone whose opinion harm. other people.
38. The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that ________.
A) it is foolish to criticize a famous brand
B) one should not always agree to others' opinions
C) personal tastes are not something to be challenged
D) it is unwise to express one's likes and dislikes in public
39. Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that ________.
A) it is stated by judges in the court
B) it reflects public like and dislikes
C) it is a result of a lot of controversy38
D) it is based on careful thought
40. As indicated in the passage, being free to act on one's opinion ________.
A) means that one can ignore other people's criticism
B) means that one can impose his pre6ereaccs on others
C) doesn't mean that one has the right to do things at will
D) doesn't mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence
Part Ⅲ???????Vocabulary and Structure????(20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences it: this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose cite ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. The beam that is ________by a laser differs in several ways from the light that comes out of a flashlight.
A) emitted???????????? C ) motivated
B) transported???????????D) translated
42. We booked rooms at the hotel ________we should find no vacancies39 on our arrival.
A) whenever????????????C) since
B) if??????????????? D) lest
43. Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to ________the isolation40 of life in Alaska.
A) break through?????????C) break into
B) break down??????????D) break out
44. We know through painful experience that freedom is never by the oppressor; it must be ________by the oppressed.
A) demanded??????????C) required
B) commanded????????? D) requested
45. Color and sex are not relevant ________whether a person is suitable for the job.
A) on????????????? C) to
B) for????????????? D) with
46. ________the enormous flow of food from the entire globe, these countries have for many years not felt any population pressure.
A)Thanks to??????????? C) In line with
B) By means of??????????D) With regard to
47. Kesearch universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware ________price.
A) On account of??????????C) in addition to
B) regardless of?????????? D) not to mention
48. Three university departments have been ________ $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.
A) promoted??????????? C) secured
B) included????????????D) awarded
49. The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the ________in which people communicate across time and space.
A) mood?????????????C) manner
B) mission???????????? D) vision
50. Mr.Jones holds strong views against video games and ________the clsing of all recreation facilities for such games.
A) assists?????????????C) advocates
B) acknowledges??????????D) admits
51. Workers in the fine arts ________thoughts and feelings through their creative works.
A) transmit???????????? C) convey
B) elaborate????????????D) contribute
52. Small as it is, the ant is as much a creature as ________all other animals on earth.
A) are?????????????? C) is
B) do?????????????? D) have
53. The policeman declared that the blow on the victim's head ________from behind.
A) should have been made????? C) would have been made
B) must have been made?????? D) ought to have been made
54. Finding a job can be ________and disappointing, and therefore it is important that you are prepared.
A) exploiting?????????? C) profiting
B) frustrating41?????????? D) misleading
55. It British government often says that furnishing children with ________ to the information superhighway is a top priority.
A) procedure???????????C) allowance
B）protection?????????? D)access
56. Louis Herman, at the University of Hawall, has ________a series of new experiments in which some animals have learned to understand sentences.
A) installed??????????? C) devised
B) equipped??????????? D) formatted42
57. Researchers at the University of Illanois determined43 that the ________of a father can help improve a child’s grades.
A) involvement??????????C) association
B) intetaction???????????D) communcation
58.We can accept your order ________payment is made in advance.
A)in the belief that?????????C) on the excuse that
B) in order that?????????? D) on condition that
59.Many in the credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually ________paper money for almost every purchase.
A) exchange????????????C)replace
B) reduce????????????? D)trade
60.Any donation you can give will help us ________the suffering and isolation of the homeless this New Year.
A) lift???????????????C) comfort
B) patch?????????????? D) ease
61. In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, ________ which only fourteen are recognized as official.
A) of??????????????? C) with
B) in????????????????D) within
62. Techniques for ________sleep would involve learning to control both mind and body so that sleep can occur.
A) cultivating????????????C) pushing
B) promoting??????????? D) strengthening
63. It is important to ________between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.
A) determine??????????? C)explore
B) identify????????????D)distinguish
64. It is too early to say whether IBM’s competitors will be able to ________their products to the new hardware at an affordable44 cost.
A)adapt????????????? C) yield
B)stick??????????????D)adopt
65. This research has attracted wide coverage45 in the ________and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow’s World.
A) data????????????? C)message
B)source?????????????D)media
66.I had just posted the letter when I remembered that hadn’t ________the cheque.
A) imposed????????????C)enclosed
B) involved????????????D)contained
67.She had a tense expression on her face, ________she were expecting trouble.
A) even though??????????C)even as
B) as though??????????? D) now that
68.They were ________admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners.
A) denied???????????? C)deprived
B) declined????????????D) rejected
69.It gave me a strange feeling of excitement to see my name in ________.
A) prospect46?????????? C) process
B) print????????????D) press
70. Residents were cutting their lawns, washing their cars and otherwise ________a pleasant, sunny day.
A) idling away???????????C) chasing away
B) taking away???????????D) driving away
Part Ⅳ????????Short Answer Questions???? (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in fewest possible words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sente. Fewest possible words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sente. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page.
?? Sports is one of the world’s largest industries, and most athletes are professionals who are paid for their efforts. Because an athlete succeeds by achievement only—not by economic background or family connections—sports can be a fast route to wealth, and many athletes play only for money than for love.
?? This has not always been true. In the ancient Olympics the winner got only a wreath of olive leaves (橄榄叶花环). Even though the winners became national heroes, the games remained amateur for centuries. Athletes won fame, but no money. As time passed, however, the contests became increasingly less amateur and cities began to hire athletes to represent them. By the fourth century A.D., the Olympics were ruined, and they were soon ended.
??In 1896, the Olympic games were revived (使再度兴起)with the same goal of pure amateur competition. The rules bar athletes who have ever received a $50 prize or an athletic47 scholars or who have spent four weeks in a training camp. At least one competitor in the 1896 games met these qualifications. He was Spiridon Loues, a water carrier who won the marathon race, After race, a rich Athenian offered him anything he wanted. A true amateur, Loues accepted only a cart and a horse. Then he gave up running forever. But Loues was an exception and now, as the Chairman of the German Olympic Committee said, “Nobody pays any attention to these rules.” Many countries pay their athletes to train year-round, and Olympic athletes are eager to sell their names to companies that make everything from ski equipment to fast food.
??Even the games themselves have become a huge business. Countries fight to hold the Olympics not only for honor, but for money. The 1972 games in Munich cost the Germans 545 million dollars, but by selling medal symbols, TV rights, food, drink ,hotel rooms, and souvenirs (纪念品), they managed to make a profit. Appropriately, the symbol of victory in the Olympic games is no longer a simple olive wreath—it is a gold medal.
S1. To many people, sports today is nothing S1.________
but? S1?.
S2. What do most athletes of today go after? S2.________
S2?.
S3. What reward could an ancient Greek athlete S3.________
expect?? S3?.
S4. By the fourth century A.D., Olympic contests S4.________
became increasingly more? S4?.
thus ruining the Olympics.
S5.When the Olympic games were revived in S5.________
1896, athletes who had received special
training in camps would be? S5?.
S6. What did Spiridon Loues do after he accepted S6.________
the Athenian’s gift??S6?.
S7. According to the author, some athletes are S7.________
Even willing to advertise for businesses
Which sell things like? S7?.
S8. The 1972 Munich games managed to make S8.(1)________
a big profit mainly by? S8(1)? services ? (2)________
and selling? S8(2)?.
Part Ⅴ?????????? Writing?????????? (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured). You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1.简单叙述一下这位同学生病（或受伤）的情况
2.同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的
3.人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是……
The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured)
参考答案
PartⅠ Listening Comprehension
1-----5 D A C B C
6----10 A B C B A
11---15 D C C D C
16---20 A D A D B
PartⅡ Reading Comprehension
21---25 B C D D C
26---30 C B A A D
31---35 B B A D B
36---40 A B C D C
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
41---45 A D A A C
46---50 A B D C C
51---55 C A B B D
56---60 C A D C D
61---65 A B D A D
66---70 C B A B A
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions
S1 a fast route to wealth
S2 money
S3 a wreath of olive leaves / olive wreath
S4 professional
S5 barred
S6 He gave up running forever./ Giving up running forever.
S7 Ski equipment and fast food
S8 (1) hotel
(2) medal symbols, TV rights, souvenirs, food and drinks
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversation. At the end of each conversation. a question wilt1 be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). and decide which is the best answer Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Example: You will hear:
You will read:
??????A) At thee office.
???????B) In the waiting room.
???????C) At the airport.
???????D) In a restaurant.
From tile conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This conversation is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A) "At the office" is the best answer You should choose [A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] ID]
1. A) Give Bob a phone call.??????C) Go look for Bob.
? B) Go and pick Bob up.???????D) Wait for Bob.
2. A) She is working in the city.?????C) Jobs are easier to find in the city.
? B) Life in the suburbs is lonely.????D) It's less expensive l/ring in the city.
3. A) In a printing shop.???????? C) At a bookstore.
? B) At a publishing house.???????D) In a library.
4. A) The woman be more careful next time.?C) The woman find a spare key.
? B) They try to think of a solution.???? D) They come downstairs.
5. A) Sending an e-mail.?????????C) Talking on the phone.
? B) Working in an office.????????D) Doing spelling practice.
6. A) Buy something for the picnic.???? C) Go shopping with the man.
? B) Go for a ride around town.??????D) Have a picnic.
7. A) The woman misplaced her class permit for biology.
? B)The woman arrived for registration2 too early.
? C) The woman missed registration for the biology course.
? D) The woman got a wrong class permit.
8. A) The woman likes the weather in New York very much.
? B) The woman will stay in New York a long time.
? C) The man is planning to visit New York.
? D) It's quite cold in New York now.
9. A) The old lady sitting next to the couple likes toys very much.
? B) An old lady took the couple’s suitcase for her own.
? C) The couple's suitcase was stolen in the restaurant.
? D) The man forgot to put the toys in their suitcase.
10. A) She's flying to Hong Kong.
? B) She's going to buy an air ticket.
? C) She's going to say good-bye to Bill.
? D) She's leaving for Hoog Kong with Bill.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage. you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.
11. A)They him only retired3 workers.
??B) They each do jobs they are good at.
??C) They close the hotel during low seasons.
??D) They employ as few workers as possible.
12. A) Staff training.??????????C) Cleaning and washing up.
??B) Book-keeping.????????? D) Gardening and flower arranging.
13. A) They have their hotel beautifully decorated.
??B) They provide delicious food.
??C) They make their guests feel at home.
??D) They give parties regularly for their visitors.
Passage Two
Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
14. A) To withdraw his deposit.?????? C) To rob the bank.
??B) To cash a cheek.??????????D) To get his prize.
15. A) A radio announcer?????????C) A car mechanic.
??B) A bank employee.?????????D) A movie actor.
16. A) They let him do what he wanted to.??C) They pressed the alarm.
??B) They helped him find large bills.???D) They called the police.
17. A) He was afraid that be would be caught on the spot.
??B) Large bills were not within his reach.
??C) The maximum sum allowed was 55,000.
??D) He was limited by time and the size of his pockets.
Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18. A) A rescuer on the Golden Gate Bridge.??C) A telephone operator.
??B) A professional diver.???????? D) A guard on the Golden Gate Bridge.
19. A) Someone ham fallen off the bridge.
??B) Someone on the bridge is being attacked.
??C) Someone is threatening to destroy the bridge.
??D) Someone on the bridge is attempting to kill himself.
20. A) Call the mother to come fight away.
??B)Try to communicate with them first.
??C) Help them to get out of their misty4.
??D) Remind them that they have children to take care of.
Part Ⅱ???????Reading Comprehension????? (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single ling through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
?? A rectal study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky5 it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
??The autboes also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
??Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” Be says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses7 fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”
??Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate8 (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute so-called graduated licensing9 systems, in which getting a license6 is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a leenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passcager restrictions10, before graduating to full driving privileges.
??Graduated licensing systems have reduced leenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated Hcensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.
21. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
C) Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
22. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ________
A) their frequent driving at night???C) their lack of driving experience
B) their improper11 way of driving???D) their driving with passengers
23. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
D) The licensing authonties are partly responsible for teenagers' driving accidents.
24. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that ________ .
A) driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B) they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C) they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
D) the licensing system should be improved
25. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system ________.
A) is under discussion???????C) has been put into effect
B) is about to be set up?????? D) has been perfected
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
??If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized12 training. A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
??That's especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell's School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor's degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement13. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
??But in the long run, too much specialization doesn't pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary injtially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
??As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀) of corporate14(公司的) faith in specialized degrees, Michigan State’s Scheetz cites a pattern in corporate hiring practices, Although companies tend to take on specialists as new hires, they often seek out gencralists for middle and upper-level management. “They want someone who isn’t constrained(限制)by nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,”says Scheetz.
??This sounds suspiciously like a formal statement that you approve of the liberal-arts graduate. Time and again labor-market analysts15 mention a need for talents that liberal-arts majors are assumed to have: writing and communication skills, organizational skills, open-mindedness and adapeability, and the ability to analyze16 and solve problems, David Birch claims he does not hire anybody with an MBA or an engineering degree, “I hire only liberal-arts people because they have a less-than-canned way of doing things,” says Birch. Liberal-arts means an academically thorough and strict program that includes literature, history, mathematics, economics, science, human behavior—plus a computer course or two. With that under your belt, you can feel free to specialize, “A liberal-arts degree coupled with an MBA or some other technical training is a very good combination in the marketplace,” says Scheetz.
26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A) Students with a bachelor's degree in humanities.
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C) People with formal schooling17 plus work experience.
D) People with special training in engineering
27. By saying “…but the impact of a degree washes out after five years” (Line 3, Para, 3), the author means ________.
A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B) an MBA degree does not help promotion18 to managerial positions
C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years' time as they are now
D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got
28. According to Scheetz's statement (Lines 4-5. Para. 4), companies prefer ________.
A) people who have a strategic mind
B) people who are talented in fine arts
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D) people who have received training in mechanics
29. David Birch claims that he only hires liberal-arts people because ________.
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly19 trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management
30. Which of the following statements does the author support?
A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly20.
D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
??About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: "So, how have you been?" And the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old —replied. "Frankly21, I've been feeling a little depressed22 lately.''
??This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.
??The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily23 in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
??Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?
??Human development is based not only on innate24 (天生的) biological states, but also on patterns of access to social knowledge. Movement from one social rote25 to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new status. Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages: traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.
??In the last 30 years. however, a secret-revelation (揭示) machine has been installed in 98 percent of American homes. It is called television, Television passes information, and indiscriminately (不加区分地), to all viewers alike, be they children or adults. Unable to resist the temptation, many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more vivid moving pictures.
??Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information to which children have access. Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.
31. According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.
A) a sure sign of a psychological problem in a child
B) something hardly to be expected in a young child
C) an inevitable26 has of children's mental development
D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children
32. Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world ________.
A) through contact with society??? C) naturally and by biological instinct
B) gradually and under guidance???D)through exposure to social information
33. The phenomenon that today’s children seem adultiike is attributed by the author to ________.
A) the widespread influence of television
B) the poor arrangement of teaching content
C) the fast pace of human intellectual development
D) the constantly rising standard of living
34. Why is the author in favor of communication through print for children?
A) It enables children to gain more social information.
B) It develops children's interest in reading and writing.
C) It helps children to memorize and practice more.
D) It can control what children are to learn.
35. What does the author think of the change in today’s children?
A) He feels amused by chair premature27 behavior.
B) He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy28 of note.
C) He considers it a positive development.
D) He seems to be upset about it.
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
??"Opinion" is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, belief, and judgment29. This casual use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most to attach great importance to it. "I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours, '' and ''Everyone’s entitled to his opinion, '' are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another's opinion is likely to be branded intolerant.
?? Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another's opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend ''What do you think of the new Ford30 cars?" And he may reply, "In my opinion, they're ugly." In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it's obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, ''It's pointless to argue about matters of taste."
?? But consider this very different use of the term, A newspaper reports that the Supreme31 Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial case. Obviously the justices did not shale32 their personal preferences, their mere33 likes and dislikes, They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly34 arrived at after thorough inquiry35 and deliberation.
?? Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less casually36 arrived at, with or without examining the evidence.
?? Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others.
36. Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the author?
A) Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.
B) Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.
C) Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.
D) Casual use of the word "opinion" often brings about quarrels.
37. According to the author, who of the following would be labored37 as intolerant?
A) Someone who turns a deaf ear to others' opinions.
B) Someone who can't put up with others' tastes.
C) Someone who values only their own opinions.
D) Someone whose opinion harm. other people.
38. The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that ________.
A) it is foolish to criticize a famous brand
B) one should not always agree to others' opinions
C) personal tastes are not something to be challenged
D) it is unwise to express one's likes and dislikes in public
39. Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that ________.
A) it is stated by judges in the court
B) it reflects public like and dislikes
C) it is a result of a lot of controversy38
D) it is based on careful thought
40. As indicated in the passage, being free to act on one's opinion ________.
A) means that one can ignore other people's criticism
B) means that one can impose his pre6ereaccs on others
C) doesn't mean that one has the right to do things at will
D) doesn't mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence
Part Ⅲ???????Vocabulary and Structure????(20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences it: this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose cite ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the Corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
41. The beam that is ________by a laser differs in several ways from the light that comes out of a flashlight.
A) emitted???????????? C ) motivated
B) transported???????????D) translated
42. We booked rooms at the hotel ________we should find no vacancies39 on our arrival.
A) whenever????????????C) since
B) if??????????????? D) lest
43. Modern forms of transportation and communication have done much to ________the isolation40 of life in Alaska.
A) break through?????????C) break into
B) break down??????????D) break out
44. We know through painful experience that freedom is never by the oppressor; it must be ________by the oppressed.
A) demanded??????????C) required
B) commanded????????? D) requested
45. Color and sex are not relevant ________whether a person is suitable for the job.
A) on????????????? C) to
B) for????????????? D) with
46. ________the enormous flow of food from the entire globe, these countries have for many years not felt any population pressure.
A)Thanks to??????????? C) In line with
B) By means of??????????D) With regard to
47. Kesearch universities have to keep up with the latest computer and scientific hardware ________price.
A) On account of??????????C) in addition to
B) regardless of?????????? D) not to mention
48. Three university departments have been ________ $600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning.
A) promoted??????????? C) secured
B) included????????????D) awarded
49. The rapid development of communications technology is transforming the ________in which people communicate across time and space.
A) mood?????????????C) manner
B) mission???????????? D) vision
50. Mr.Jones holds strong views against video games and ________the clsing of all recreation facilities for such games.
A) assists?????????????C) advocates
B) acknowledges??????????D) admits
51. Workers in the fine arts ________thoughts and feelings through their creative works.
A) transmit???????????? C) convey
B) elaborate????????????D) contribute
52. Small as it is, the ant is as much a creature as ________all other animals on earth.
A) are?????????????? C) is
B) do?????????????? D) have
53. The policeman declared that the blow on the victim's head ________from behind.
A) should have been made????? C) would have been made
B) must have been made?????? D) ought to have been made
54. Finding a job can be ________and disappointing, and therefore it is important that you are prepared.
A) exploiting?????????? C) profiting
B) frustrating41?????????? D) misleading
55. It British government often says that furnishing children with ________ to the information superhighway is a top priority.
A) procedure???????????C) allowance
B）protection?????????? D)access
56. Louis Herman, at the University of Hawall, has ________a series of new experiments in which some animals have learned to understand sentences.
A) installed??????????? C) devised
B) equipped??????????? D) formatted42
57. Researchers at the University of Illanois determined43 that the ________of a father can help improve a child’s grades.
A) involvement??????????C) association
B) intetaction???????????D) communcation
58.We can accept your order ________payment is made in advance.
A)in the belief that?????????C) on the excuse that
B) in order that?????????? D) on condition that
59.Many in the credit industry expect that credit cards will eventually ________paper money for almost every purchase.
A) exchange????????????C)replace
B) reduce????????????? D)trade
60.Any donation you can give will help us ________the suffering and isolation of the homeless this New Year.
A) lift???????????????C) comfort
B) patch?????????????? D) ease
61. In India more than one hundred languages are spoken, ________ which only fourteen are recognized as official.
A) of??????????????? C) with
B) in????????????????D) within
62. Techniques for ________sleep would involve learning to control both mind and body so that sleep can occur.
A) cultivating????????????C) pushing
B) promoting??????????? D) strengthening
63. It is important to ________between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.
A) determine??????????? C)explore
B) identify????????????D)distinguish
64. It is too early to say whether IBM’s competitors will be able to ________their products to the new hardware at an affordable44 cost.
A)adapt????????????? C) yield
B)stick??????????????D)adopt
65. This research has attracted wide coverage45 in the ________and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow’s World.
A) data????????????? C)message
B)source?????????????D)media
66.I had just posted the letter when I remembered that hadn’t ________the cheque.
A) imposed????????????C)enclosed
B) involved????????????D)contained
67.She had a tense expression on her face, ________she were expecting trouble.
A) even though??????????C)even as
B) as though??????????? D) now that
68.They were ________admission to the military exhibition because they were foreigners.
A) denied???????????? C)deprived
B) declined????????????D) rejected
69.It gave me a strange feeling of excitement to see my name in ________.
A) prospect46?????????? C) process
B) print????????????D) press
70. Residents were cutting their lawns, washing their cars and otherwise ________a pleasant, sunny day.
A) idling away???????????C) chasing away
B) taking away???????????D) driving away
Part Ⅳ????????Short Answer Questions???? (15 minutes)
Directions: In this part there is a short passage with 8 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in fewest possible words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sente. Fewest possible words. Your answer may be a word, a phrase, or a short sente. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the right of the page.
?? Sports is one of the world’s largest industries, and most athletes are professionals who are paid for their efforts. Because an athlete succeeds by achievement only—not by economic background or family connections—sports can be a fast route to wealth, and many athletes play only for money than for love.
?? This has not always been true. In the ancient Olympics the winner got only a wreath of olive leaves (橄榄叶花环). Even though the winners became national heroes, the games remained amateur for centuries. Athletes won fame, but no money. As time passed, however, the contests became increasingly less amateur and cities began to hire athletes to represent them. By the fourth century A.D., the Olympics were ruined, and they were soon ended.
??In 1896, the Olympic games were revived (使再度兴起)with the same goal of pure amateur competition. The rules bar athletes who have ever received a $50 prize or an athletic47 scholars or who have spent four weeks in a training camp. At least one competitor in the 1896 games met these qualifications. He was Spiridon Loues, a water carrier who won the marathon race, After race, a rich Athenian offered him anything he wanted. A true amateur, Loues accepted only a cart and a horse. Then he gave up running forever. But Loues was an exception and now, as the Chairman of the German Olympic Committee said, “Nobody pays any attention to these rules.” Many countries pay their athletes to train year-round, and Olympic athletes are eager to sell their names to companies that make everything from ski equipment to fast food.
??Even the games themselves have become a huge business. Countries fight to hold the Olympics not only for honor, but for money. The 1972 games in Munich cost the Germans 545 million dollars, but by selling medal symbols, TV rights, food, drink ,hotel rooms, and souvenirs (纪念品), they managed to make a profit. Appropriately, the symbol of victory in the Olympic games is no longer a simple olive wreath—it is a gold medal.
S1. To many people, sports today is nothing S1.________
but? S1?.
S2. What do most athletes of today go after? S2.________
S2?.
S3. What reward could an ancient Greek athlete S3.________
expect?? S3?.
S4. By the fourth century A.D., Olympic contests S4.________
became increasingly more? S4?.
thus ruining the Olympics.
S5.When the Olympic games were revived in S5.________
1896, athletes who had received special
training in camps would be? S5?.
S6. What did Spiridon Loues do after he accepted S6.________
the Athenian’s gift??S6?.
S7. According to the author, some athletes are S7.________
Even willing to advertise for businesses
Which sell things like? S7?.
S8. The 1972 Munich games managed to make S8.(1)________
a big profit mainly by? S8(1)? services ? (2)________
and selling? S8(2)?.
Part Ⅴ?????????? Writing?????????? (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured). You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1.简单叙述一下这位同学生病（或受伤）的情况
2.同学、老师和我是如何帮助他/她的
3.人与人之间的这种相互关爱给我的感受是……
The Day My Classmate Fell Ill (or Got Injured)
参考答案
PartⅠ Listening Comprehension
1-----5 D A C B C
6----10 A B C B A
11---15 D C C D C
16---20 A D A D B
PartⅡ Reading Comprehension
21---25 B C D D C
26---30 C B A A D
31---35 B B A D B
36---40 A B C D C
Part Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure
41---45 A D A A C
46---50 A B D C C
51---55 C A B B D
56---60 C A D C D
61---65 A B D A D
66---70 C B A B A
Part Ⅳ Short Answer Questions
S1 a fast route to wealth
S2 money
S3 a wreath of olive leaves / olive wreath
S4 professional
S5 barred
S6 He gave up running forever./ Giving up running forever.
S7 Ski equipment and fast food
S8 (1) hotel
(2) medal symbols, TV rights, souvenirs, food and drinks
点击
收听单词发音
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wilt
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registration
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| n.登记，注册，挂号 | |
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retired
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| adj.隐退的，退休的，退役的 | |
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misty
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| adj.雾蒙蒙的，有雾的 | |
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risky
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| adj.有风险的，冒险的 | |
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license
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| n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许 | |
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licenses
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| n.执照( license的名词复数 )v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的第三人称单数 ) | |
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mitigate
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| vt.（使）减轻，（使）缓和 | |
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licensing
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| v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的现在分词 ) | |
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restrictions
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| 约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则） | |
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improper
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specialized
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| adj.专门的，专业化的 | |
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advancement
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| n.前进，促进，提升 | |
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corporate
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| adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的 | |
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analysts
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| 分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 ) | |
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analyze
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| vt.分析，解析 (=analyse) | |
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schooling
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| n.教育；正规学校教育 | |
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promotion
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| n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传 | |
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thoroughly
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| adv.完全地，彻底地，十足地 | |
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costly
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| adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的 | |
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frankly
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| adv.坦白地，直率地；坦率地说 | |
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depressed
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| adj.沮丧的，抑郁的，不景气的，萧条的 | |
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steadily
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| adv.稳定地；不变地；持续地 | |
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innate
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| adj.天生的，固有的，天赋的 | |
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rote
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| n.死记硬背，生搬硬套 | |
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inevitable
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| adj.不可避免的，必然发生的 | |
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premature
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| adj.比预期时间早的；不成熟的，仓促的 | |
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worthy
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| adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的 | |
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judgment
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| n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见 | |
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Ford
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| n.浅滩，水浅可涉处；v.涉水，涉过 | |
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supreme
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| adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的 | |
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shale
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| n.页岩，泥板岩 | |
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mere
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| adj.纯粹的；仅仅，只不过 | |
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painstakingly
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| adv. 费力地 苦心地 | |
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inquiry
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| n.打听，询问，调查，查问 | |
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casually
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| adv.漠不关心地，无动于衷地，不负责任地 | |
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labored
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| adj.吃力的，谨慎的v.努力争取(for)( labor的过去式和过去分词 )；苦干；详细分析；（指引擎）缓慢而困难地运转 | |
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controversy
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| n.争论，辩论，争吵 | |
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vacancies
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| n.空房间( vacancy的名词复数 )；空虚；空白；空缺 | |
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isolation
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| n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离 | |
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frustrating
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| adj.产生挫折的，使人沮丧的，令人泄气的v.使不成功( frustrate的现在分词 )；挫败；使受挫折；令人沮丧 | |
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formatted
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| adj. 格式化的 动词format的过去式和过去分词形式 | |
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determined
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| adj.坚定的；有决心的 | |
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affordable
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| adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的 | |
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coverage
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| n.报导，保险范围，保险额，范围，覆盖 | |
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prospect
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| n.前景，前途；景色，视野 | |
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athletic
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| adj.擅长运动的，强健的；活跃的，体格健壮的 | |
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