经贸管理英文词汇

时间：2007-02-10 07:06:21

（单词翻译:单击）

（M0）money in circulation 流通中的现金
    （M1） narrow money 狭义货币
    （M2） broad money 广义货币
    a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统
    Account 帐户
    Accounting¹ equation 会计等式
    Accounting system 会计系统
    All Risks 一切险
    American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
    American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
    Articulation² 勾稽关系
    Assets 资产
    Audit³ 审计
    bad account 坏帐
    Balance sheet 资产负债表
    bear market 熊市
    blank endorsed⁴ 空白背书
    Bookkeepking 簿记
    bull market 牛市
    Business entity⁵ 企业个体
    Capital stock 股本
    cargo⁶ receipt 承运货物收据
    Cash flow prospects⁷ 现金流量预测
    catalogue 商品目录
    Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书
    Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
    Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师
    China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
    China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行
    close-ended fund 封闭式基金
    commission 佣金
    consignee⁹ 收货人
    Corporation 公司
    Cost accounting 成本会计
    cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格
    cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费
    Cost principle 成本原则
    Creditor¹⁰ 债权人
    cut a melon 分红
    dead account 呆帐
    Deflation 通货紧缩
    delivery 交货
    Disclosure 批露
    dividend¹¹，bonus stock 股息，红利
    downturn 低迷时期
    endorsed 背书
    enforce stockholding system 实行股份制
    Expenses 费用
    export department 出口部
    External users 外部使用者
    F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险
    F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
    face value 面值
    fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税
    Financial accounting 财务会计
    Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
    Financial activities 筹资活动
    Financial forecast 财务预测
    Financial statement 财务报表
    foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备
    futures¹² market 期货市场
    Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
    General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
    genetically－modified products 基因改良产品
    Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设
    Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室
    Hook Damage 钩损险
    import department 进口部
    Income statement 损益表
    income tax 所得税
    indicative price 参考价格
    Inflation 通货膨涨
    Inquiry¹³ 询盘
    Institute of Internal Auditors¹⁴ 内部审计师协会
    Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会
    Integrity 整合性
    Internal auditing⁸ 内部审计
    Internal control structure 内部控制结构
    Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
    Internal users 内部使用者
    Investing activities 投资活动
    knowledge-based economy 知识经济
    labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济
    Liabilities 负债
    Management accounting 管理会计
    marine¹⁵ bills of lading 海运提单
    national bonds 国债
    nationalize；nationalization 国有化
    Negative cash flow 负现金流量
    non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款
    non-work income 非劳动收入
    notify 被通知人
    open-ended fund 开放式基金
    Operating activities 经营活动
    order 订货
    outstanding of deposits 存款余额
    Owner's equity¹⁶ 所有者权益
    partial shipment 分批装运
    Partnership¹⁷ 合伙企业
    Positive cash flow 正现金流量
    press conference 记者招待会
    price list 价目表
    privatize；privatization 私有化
    proactive fiscal¹⁸ measures 积极的财政政策
    promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises　提高企业自主权
    public relations department公关部
    publicly owned economy 公有经济
    recession 衰退时期
    rectify¹⁹ the market order 整顿市场秩序
    reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持
    restraint of trade 贸易管制
    Retained earning 留存利润
    Return of investment 投资回报
    Return on investment 投资报酬
    Revenue 收入#p#
    Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
    Risk of Leakage²⁰ 渗漏险
    Risk of odor 串味险
    Risk of Rust²¹ 锈蚀险
    sales terms and conditions销售条件
    Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
    shareholding²² system; joint²³-stock system 股份制
    shipping²⁴ order 托运单
    Shortage Risk 短缺险
    Sole proprietorship²⁵ 独资企业
    Solvency²⁶ 清偿能力
    specification²⁷ 规格
    Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
    state stock reduction 国有股减持
    Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
    Statement of financial position 财务状况表
    steady monetary²⁸ policies 稳健的货币政策
    Stockholders 股东
    Stockholders' equity 股东权益
    streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用
    Strikes Risk 罢工险
    T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
    Tax accounting 税务会计
    technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济
    the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数
    the first majority shareholder²⁹ 第一大股东
    the Hang Seng index 恒生指数
    thin trade 交易薄弱
    to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
    to expand domestic demand 扩大内需
    value-added tax 增值税
    W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险
    War Risk 战争险
    Window dressing³⁰ 门面粉饰
    year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的
    bull market: 牛市，多头市场
    bear market :熊市，空头市场

    股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock
    国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)
    人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP
    产值 output value
    鼓励 give incentive³¹ to
    投入 input
    宏观控制 exercise macro-control
    优化经济结构 optimize³² the economic structure
    输入活力 bring vigor³³ into
    改善经济环境 improve economic environment
    整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
    有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
    非公有成分 non-public sectors
    主要成分 dominant³⁵ sector³⁴
    实在的 tangible
    全体会议 plenary session
    解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
    引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley
    举措 move
    实事求是 seek truth from facts
    引进、输入 importation
    和平演变 peaceful evolution
    试一下 have a go (at sth.)
    精华、精粹、实质 quintessence
    家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
    搞活企业 invigorate enterprises
    商品经济 commodity economy
    基石 cornerstone
    零售 retail
    发电量 electric energy production
    有色金属 nonferrous metals
    人均收入 per capita income
    使负担 be saddled with
    营业发达的公司 going concerns
    被兼并或挤掉 annexed³⁶ or forced out of business
    善于接受的 receptive
    增额、增值、增长 increment
    发展过快 excessive growth
    抽样调查 data from the sample survey
    扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
    实际增长率 actual growth rate
    国际收支 international balance of payments
    流通制度 circulation system
    总工资 total wages
    分配形式 FORMs of distribution
    风险资金 risk funds
    管理不善 poor management
    一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points
    以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义\*\*\*思想、坚持改革开放
    the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal³⁷ principles - adherence³⁸ to the socialist³⁹ road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
    改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
    ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
    我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
    The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
    社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。
    The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination⁴⁰ of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
    要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。
    to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations⁴², particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
    中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。
    China needs to be vigilant⁴³ against the Right deviation⁴¹, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
    资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
    Socialism and capitalism⁴⁴ are not distinguished⁴⁵ by the proportion of planned and market economy.
    随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
    As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory⁴⁶ state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
    初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
    to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
    各尽所能，按劳/需分配。
    from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
    经济结构改革。
    reFORM in economic structure
    剩余劳动力。
    surplus labor⁴⁷
    经营机制
    operative mechanism⁴⁸
    发挥市场的调节作用
    to give play to the regulatory role of the market
    经济和law的杠杆
    economic and legal leverages
    经济计划和市场调节相结合
    to combine economic planning with market regulation
    计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
    a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
    取消国家对农产品的统购统销
    to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing⁴⁹ of agricultural products
    改革重点转移到城市#p#
    the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
    国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
    The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization⁵⁰.
    逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
    to modernize⁵¹ the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
    社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
    The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
    国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。
    The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
    国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
    The state ensures the consolidation⁵² and growth of the state economy.
    农业 farming
    林业 forestry
    畜牧业 animal husbandry
    副业 sideline production
    渔业 fishing
    第一产业 primary industry
    第二产业 secondary industry
    第三产业 tertiary industry
    生产资料 means of production
    生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
    生产关系 relations of production
    生产力 productive forces
    公有制 public ownership
    私有制 private ownership
    全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
    社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
    厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste
    外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
    合资企业 joint venture
    合作企业 cooperative enterprise
    独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
    世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization
    中国人民银行 People's Bank of China
    信息产业部 Ministry⁵³ of InFORMation Industry
    国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission
    贷款无力偿还 loan defaults

    船务公司 shipping service company
    非商标(非专利)产品 generic⁵⁴ products
    稳健的货币政策 prudent⁵⁵ monetary policy　
    超前消费 deficit⁵⁶ spending
    (到银行)挤兑 run on banks
    对农业的国内支持 domestic support to agriculture
    特种债券 special bonds
    富裕经济 economy of abundance
    年复合增长率 CAGA (compound annual growth average)
    动物源性蛋白 Animal-based protein
    转基因组织 GMO (genetically modified organism)
    视频点播 VOD (video-on-demand)
    音频点播 AOD (audio-on-demand)
    市场准人的行政管理措施 AAMA： Administrative⁵⁷ Aspects of Market Access
    亚太工商咨询理事会 ABAC： APEC Business Advisory⁵⁸ Council
    亚太商业论坛 ABF：APEC Business Forum⁵⁹
    亚太通讯与数据系统 ACDS：APEC Communications and Database System
    亚太中小企业技术交流与培训中心 ACTETSME：APEC Center for Technology Exchange and Training for Small and Medium Enterprises
    亚洲开发银行 ADB: Asian Development Bank
    亚太经合组织经济领导人会议 AELM： APEC Economic Leaders Meeting
    东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area
    亚太经合组织部长级会议 AMM：APEC MinisteriaI Meeting
    澳新紧密经济关系协定 ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement
    亚太商业网络 APB-Net：Asia-Pacific Business Network
    亚太经济合作组织 APEC：Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation
    亚太能源研究中心 APERC：Asia Pacific Energy Research Center
    亚太信息基础设施 APII：Asia-Pacific Information Infrastructure⁶⁰
    亚太实验室认可合作 APLAC：Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation⁶¹ Cooperation
    亚太法定计量论坛 APLMF：Asia Pacific Legal Metrology Forum
    亚太计量程序 APMP：Asia Pacific Metrology Program
    东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Association of South-East Asian Nations
    亚欧会议 ASEM：Asia-Europe Meeting
    农业技术合作 ATC：Agricultural Technical Cooperation
    中央处理器 CPU(Central Processing Unit)
    计算机辅助设计 CAD(Computer-Aided Design)
    互联网普及率 Internet Penetration⁶²
    网民 Cyber Citizen
    网络犯罪 Cyber Crime
    网络城市, 虚拟城市 Cyber City
    数字鸿沟 Digital Divide
    智能学校 Smart Schools
    多功能卡 Multipurpose Card
    软件开发 Software Development
    内容开发 Content Development
    数字化商业 Digital Business
    信息化 Informationization, Network-based Information Flow
    软件包 Software Packages
    申请注册域名 Domain⁶³ Name Application and Registration⁶⁴
    虚拟空间 Virtual Space
    局域网 Intranet
    脑图 Mind Map
    便携式电脑 Portable Computer; Laptop; Notebook Computer
    个人数字助理 PDA---Personal Digital Assistant
    掌上电脑 Palm Computer
    路由器 Router
    网络管理员 Network Administrator⁶⁵
    网络经济 Cyber Economy
    以太网 Ethernet #p#
    服务提供者 ISP-Internet Service Provider
    网络计算机 NC: Network Computer
    多媒体个人电脑 MPC: Multimedia⁶⁶ Personal Computer
    多媒体扩展 MMX: 是MultiMedia eXtensions
    兆赫 MHz Mega Hertz
    视频图形阵列 VGA:Video Graphics⁶⁷ Array
    三维摄影室 3D Studio: Three Dimension Studio
    虚拟现实 VR：Virtual Reality
    原始设备制造商 OEM：Original Equipment Manufacturer
    即插即用 PNP：Plug and Play
    乐器数字接口 MIDI：Musical Instrument Digital Interface⁶⁸
    运动图像专家组 MPEG:Motion Picture Experts Group
    域名 Domain Name
    拨号连接 Dial-up Connection

    海关类

    Customs Bond 海关担保
    Surety Company 担保公司
    Principle 本人
    Carrier 承运人
    Attorney 代理人/委托人
    Freight Forwarder 货运代理
    Jointly⁶⁹ and Severally Liable For 负连带责任
    Liquidated⁷⁰ Damages 违约赔偿金
    Solvency 偿付能力
    Security 抵押品/保证金
    Power of Attorney 委托书
    Make a Complete Entry 正式/完整申报
    CFR(Code of Federal Regulations) 美国联邦政府行政法规汇编
    Bill of Lading 提单
    Condemned⁷¹ Goods 有问题的货物
    Customs Liquidation⁷² 清关
    Customs Clearance⁷³ 结关
    Court Costs 诉讼费用
    Disposition⁷⁴ of Merchandise 货物处置

    债转股 debt-to-equity swap⁷⁵
    港元的联系汇率制     the linkage⁷⁶ system between the US dollar and the HK dollar
    坏帐、呆帐、死帐     bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan
    反倾销措施     anti-dumping measures against ……
    通货紧缩     deflation
    通货膨胀     inflation
    非配额产品     quota⁷⁷-free products
    非生产性投资     investment in non-productive projects
    风险管理/评估     risk management/ assessment⁷⁸
    风险基金     venture capital
    风险准备金     loan loss provision/ provisions of risk
    搞活国有大中型企业     revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises
    规模经济     scale economy/ economies of scale
    国合企业（即国有合作社）     state-owned cooperatives
    国际收支     balance of international payments/ balance of payment
    国际收支不平衡     disequilibrium of balance of payment
    国家补贴     public subsidies⁷⁹
    国家现汇结存     state foreign exchange reserves
    合理引导消费     guide rational consumption
    季节性调价 seasonal⁸⁰ price adjustments
    既成事实 established/accomplished facts
    技工贸结合的科技型企业 scientific and technological⁸¹ enterprises that integrate scientific and technological developmentwith industrial and trade development
    劳动密集性企业 labor-intensive enterprises
    乱集资、乱摊派、乱收费 unwarranted pooling of funds, arbitrary requisition of donations and exaction⁸² of fees from enterprises/ unauthorized pooling of funds, compulsory⁸³ donations and random⁸⁴ levies⁸⁵ on enterprises
    千年问题、千年虫 millennium⁸⁶ bug⁸⁷
    企业技术改造 technological updating of enterprises
    企业亏损补贴 subsidies to cover enterprise losses
    实行国民待遇 grant the national treatment to
    平等互利、讲求实效、形式多样、共同发展的方针 pursuing practical results, adopting various waysand seeking common development/ the principle of equality, mutual⁸⁸ benefit, efficiency, diversity andmutual development
    瓶颈制约 “bottleneck”restrictions
    皮包公司 flying-by-night company; bogus company
    放松银根 ease monetary policy　
    流动人口　 floating population　
    企业的自我约束机制 self-regulating mechanism of enterprises
    贪图安逸　 crave⁸⁹ comfort and pleasure　
    消费膨胀　 inflated⁹⁰ consumption　
    信息化　 informationize　
    无氟冰箱　 freon-free refrigerator　
    无纸交易　 paperless transaction　
    适销对路的产品　 readily marketable products　
    倒爷　 profiteer　
    机构臃肿　 overstaffing in (government) organizations
    机构重叠　 organizational overlapping⁹¹　
    利改税　 substitution of tax payment for profit delivery
    经常性的财政收入　 regular revenues　
    慢性萧条　 chronic⁹² depression　
    双重轨制　 two-tier system / double-track system　
    就业前培训　 pre-job training　
    岗位培训　 on-the-job training　
    对外项目承包 foreign project contracting
    劳务合作 labor service cooperation
    外援方式　 modality of foreign aid
    自1999年1月1日起实行 come into official enforcement as of January 1, 1999
    所有制形式 forms of ownership
    以试点的形式实行外贸权自动登记制度 implement⁹³ an automatic registration system of foreign trading rights on a trial basis
    风险管理/评估 risk management/ assessment
    国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state
    <<中华人民共和国保护台湾同胞投资实施条例>> Implementation⁹⁴ Rules of the P.R.C. on the Protection of Investments by Compatriots from Taiwan
    部长级会议 ministerial meeting
    公正合理 equitable⁹⁵ and rational
    抢得先机 take the preemptive opportunities
    减免债务 reduce and cancel debts
    工程项目 engineering project
    同步增长 increase in the same pace
    摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis
    走上良性发展的轨道 going on the track of sound progress
    工业增加值 industrial added value
    固定资产投资 investment in the fixed⁹⁶ assets
    建材 building materials
    累计实现顺差143.4美元 accumulatively realizing trade surplus
    注入新的生机与活力 bring new vigor and vitality⁹⁷ into
    配件 accessories
    备件 spare parts
    进口环节税 import linkage tax
    营业税 turnover⁹⁸ tax
    企业所得税 corporate⁹⁹ income tax
    抵免 offset¹⁰⁰
    省会 provincial¹⁰¹ capital
    直辖市 municipality directly under the central government
    龙头产品 flagship product
    现代企业制度 modern corporate system
    实行股份制 enforce stockholding system
    控股公司 holding company
    自主经营,自负盈亏 responsible for their own management decisions, profits and losses
    在巩固公有制主体地位的同时,促进多种所有制经济共同发展 alongside fortifying¹⁰² the status of the public ownership as the mainstay, it is also encouraged to witness common development of different systems of ownership
    形成统一、开放和竞争有序的市场 establish an unified¹⁰³, open market with orderly competition
    国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System
    帮助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction
    清理、修订 screen and modify
    水利 water conservation
    转化经营机制 change the method of operation
    中介服务组织 intermediary service organization
    军民两用品出口 dual¹⁰⁴ purpose exports
    军民两用产品和技术 dual-use goods and technology
    北美自由贸易区 NAFTA North American Free Trade Area　
    全球配额 global quota
    祖父条款 grandfather clause
    动物源食品 Animal-derived food
    部门提前自愿自由化 EVSL (Early Voluntary Sectoral¹⁰⁵ Liberalization)
    贸易和投资自由化和便利化 TILF (Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation)
    国际清算 international settlement
    商住和公益设施建设 commercial, residential¹⁰⁶ and public utility construction
    广开就业门路 increase employment opportunities; create jobs in every possible way; open up more channels of employment
    自由浮动汇率 free floating exchange rate; variable exchange rate
    资本项目 capital account
    经常项目 current account
    求同存异 overcome differences and seek common ground
    防伪标志 anti-fake label
    出口创汇型产业 export-oriented industry
    盘活存量资产 revitalize stock assets
    竟价投标 competitive bidding
    协议投标 negotiated bidding
    横向兼并 horizontal merger¹⁰⁷
    垂直兼并 vertical¹⁰⁸ merger
    垃圾融资 junk financing
    货币市场 money market
    申报制度 reporting system; income declaration system

    最初谈判权(初谈权)     INRs (Initial Negotiating Rights)
    (纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程     Integration¹⁰⁹ process
    国际兽疫组织     International Office of Epizootics
    知识产权     IPRs (Intellectual property rights)
    国际纺织品服装局    ITCB (International Textile and Clothing Bureau)
    产品生命周期分析     LCA (Life Cycle Analysis)
    最不发达国家     LDCs (Least-developed countries)
    许可费    License¹¹⁰ fee
    同类产品    Like product
    当地含量     Local content
    市场准入     Market access
    专门的营销机构    Market boards
    实质损害    Material injury
    模式     Modalities
    配额调整条款     modulation¹¹¹ of quota clause
    《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定)     Montreal Protocol¹¹²
    (农业)多功能性     Multifunctionality
    (服务贸易)自然人     National Person
    国民待遇     National treatment
    新议题     New issues
    通知义务     Notification obligation
    (利益的)丧失和减损     Nullification and impairment
    有秩序的市场安排     Orderly market arrangements
    (争端解决)专家组     Panel
    《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约)     Paris Convention
    (《农业协议》中关于反补贴的)和平条款     Peace clause
    诸边协议     Plurilateral agreement
    (服务贸易)自然人流动     Presence of natural person
    生产补贴     Production subsidy
    关贸总协定     GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs¹¹³ and Trade)
    世界贸易组织     WTO (World Trade Organization)
    乌拉圭回合     Uruguay Round
    最惠国贸易地位(待遇)     MFN (Most-favored-nation)(Treatment)
    争端解决机构     Dispute Settlement Body
    《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》    DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)
    动植物卫生检疫措施     SPS (Sanitary and Phytosanitary Standard )
    （农产品）综合支持量     AMS (Aggregate Measurement of Support)
    (《农产品协议》)特殊保障 SSG (Special Safeguard)
    《纺织品与服装协议》     ATC (Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)
    《服务贸易总协定》     GATS (General Agreement on Trade in Services)
    《信息技术协议》     ITA (Information Technology Agreement)
    《多种纤维协定》     MFA (Multifibre Agreement)
    《北美自由贸易协定》     NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement)
    东盟自由贸易区     ASEAN Free Trade Area
    东部和南部非洲共同市场     COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa)
    南方共同市场（或称南锥体共同市场）     MERCOSUR (Southern Common Market)
    南亚区域合作联盟     SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional cooperation)
    贸易与发展委员会     Committee on Trade and Development
    贸易与环境委员会     Committee on Trade and Environment
    欧洲自由贸易联盟     EFTA (European Free Trade Association)
    联合国粮农组织     FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation)
    国际贸易中心     ITC (International Trade Center)
    国际贸易组织     ITO (International Trade Organization)
    国际贸易组织临时委员会     ICITO (Interim Commission for the International Trade Organization)
    国际劳工组织     ILO (International Labor Organization)
    国际货币基金组织     IMF (International Monetary Fund)
    国际标准化组织     ISO (International Organization for Standardization)
    经济合作与发展组织     OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development)
    联合国贸易与发展会议     UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)
    联合国开发计划署     UNDP (United Nations Development Program)
    联合国环境署     UNEP (United Nations Environment Program)
    世界海关组织     WCO (World Customs Organization)
    世界知识产权组织     WIPO (World Intellectual Property Organization)
    非洲、加勒比和太平洋国家集团（洛美协定）     ACP(African, Caribbean and Pacific Group)
    （补贴协议）可诉补贴     Actionable subsidy
    （农产品国内支持）"黄箱"措施     Amber Box measures
    (解决争端)上诉     Appeal
    上诉机构     Appeal body
    《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）     Basel Convention
    《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约）     Berne Convention
    基础税率     Base tariff level
    （农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施     BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
    国际收支条款     BOP(Balance-of-payments) Provisions
    既定日程     Built-in agenda
    约束水平     Bound level
    食品法典委员会     CAC(Codex Alimentarius Commission)
    （欧盟）共同农业政策     Common Agriculture Policy
    《生物多样性公约》     CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)
    规避     Circumvention
    《濒危物种国际贸易公约》     Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species
    （服务贸易）商业存在     Commercial presence
    （服务贸易）境外消费     Consumption abroad
    （服务贸易）跨境交付     Cross border supply
    (解决争端)申诉方     Complaint
    (解决争端)被诉方     Defendant
    反补贴税     Countervailing duty
    反向通知     Counter-notification
    交叉报复     Cross retaliation
    货币贸易理事会     CTG(Council for Trade in Goods)
    货币留成制度     Currency retention scheme
    海关完税价值     Customs value
    海关估价     Customs valuation
    直接支付     Direct payment
    国内产业     Domestic industry
    国内生产     Domestic production
    国内补贴     Domestic subsidy
    (农产品)国内支持     Domestic support
    电子商务     Electronic Commerce
    环保型技术     EST(Environmentally-sound technology)
    采取措施前     Ex ante
    采取措施后     Ex post
    出口实绩     Export performance
    出口补贴     Export subsidy
    （解决争端）调查结果     Findings
    粮食安全     Food security
    免费搭车者(享受其他国家最惠国待遇而不进行相应减让的国家)     Free-rider
    （知识产权）地理标识     Geographical indications
    转基因生物     GMOs (Genetically Modified Organisms)
    政府采购     Government procurement
    （农产品国内支持）绿箱措施     Green Box measures
    灰色区域措施     Grey area measures
    拉美国家在WTO中的非正式集团    GRULAC
    WTO最不发达国家高级别会议     HLM (WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)
    协调制度（商品名称及编码协调制度）     HS (Harmonized Commodity and Coding System)
    《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册）     Lisbon Agreement
    国际劳工组织     ILO (International Labor Organization)
    国际货币基金组织     IMF (International Monetary Fund)
    进口押金     Import deposits
    进口许可     Import licensing
    进口渗透     Import penetration
    进口替代     Import substitution
    进口附加税     Import surcharge
    进口差价税     Import variable duties

    项目管理 Project Management
    质量保证 Quality Assurance
    质量管理quality control
    质量目标quality objective
    管理措施management measure
    first class quality 一流的质量
    first class service 一流的服务
    有计划designed
    有秩序orderly
    程序化的 programmed
    规定　stipulation
    领导机构Leading organ
    项目经理部Project Manager
    自检项目self-inspection
    职能部门functional department
    质量否决权veto on quality
    施工方案Construction Plan

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收听单词发音

1 accounting
n.会计，会计学，借贷对照表
参考例句：
A job fell vacant in the accounting department.财会部出现了一个空缺。 There's an accounting error in this entry.这笔账目里有差错。

2 articulation
n.（清楚的）发音；清晰度，咬合
参考例句：
His articulation is poor.他发音不清楚。 She spoke with a lazy articulation.她说话慢吞吞的。

3 audit
v.审计；查帐；核对；旁听
参考例句：
Each year they audit our accounts and certify them as being true and fair.他们每年对我们进行账务审核，以确保其真实无误。 As usual,the yearly audit will take place in December.跟往常一样，年度审计将在十二月份进行。

4 endorsed
vt.& vi.endorse的过去式或过去分词形式v.赞同( endorse的过去式和过去分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品
参考例句：
The committee endorsed an initiative by the chairman to enter discussion about a possible merger. 委员会通过了主席提出的新方案，开始就可能进行的并购进行讨论。来自《简明英汉词典》 The government has broadly endorsed a research paper proposing new educational targets for 14-year-olds. 政府基本上支持建议对14 岁少年实行新教育目标的研究报告。来自《简明英汉词典》

5 entity
n.实体，独立存在体，实际存在物
参考例句：
The country is no longer one political entity.这个国家不再是一个统一的政治实体了。 As a separate legal entity,the corporation must pay taxes.作为一个独立的法律实体，公司必须纳税。

6 cargo
n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物
参考例句：
The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。 A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

7 prospects
n.希望，前途(恒为复数)
参考例句：
There is a mood of pessimism in the company about future job prospects. 公司中有一种对工作前景悲观的情绪。 They are less sanguine about the company's long-term prospects. 他们对公司的远景不那么乐观。

8 auditing
n.审计，查账，决算
参考例句：
Auditing standards are the rules governing how an audit is performed.收支检查标准是规则统治一个稽核如何被运行。 The auditing services market is dominated by a few large accounting firms.审计服务市场被几家大型会计公司独占了。

9 consignee
n.受托者，收件人，代销人；承销人；收货人
参考例句：
The consignee is decided according to the order of the shipper or the opening bank. 收货人是由托运人或开证行的指令决定。来自辞典例句 For Freight Collect shipments, the charge will be billed to the consignee. 若采取收件人付费方式，则费用由收件人支付。来自互联网

10 creditor
n.债仅人，债主，贷方
参考例句：
The boss assigned his car to his creditor.那工头把自己的小汽车让与了债权人。 I had to run away from my creditor whom I made a usurious loan.我借了高利贷不得不四处躲债。

11 dividend
n.红利，股息；回报，效益
参考例句：
The company was forced to pass its dividend.该公司被迫到期不分红。 The first quarter dividend has been increased by nearly 4 per cent.第一季度的股息增长了近 4%。

12 futures
n.期货，期货交易
参考例句：
He continued his operations in cotton futures.他继续进行棉花期货交易。 Cotton futures are selling at high prices.棉花期货交易的卖价是很高的。

13 inquiry
n.打听，询问，调查，查问
参考例句：
Many parents have been pressing for an inquiry into the problem.许多家长迫切要求调查这个问题。 The field of inquiry has narrowed down to five persons.调查的范围已经缩小到只剩5个人了。

14 auditors
n.审计员，稽核员( auditor的名词复数 )；（大学课程的）旁听生
参考例句：
The company has been in litigation with its previous auditors for a full year. 那家公司与前任审计员已打了整整一年的官司。 a meeting to discuss the annual accounts and the auditors' report thereon 讨论年度报表及其审计报告的会议

15 marine
adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵
参考例句：
Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。 When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。

16 equity
n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票
参考例句：
They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。 To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

17 partnership
n.合作关系，伙伴关系
参考例句：
The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation.这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。 Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company.马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。

18 fiscal
adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的
参考例句：
The increase of taxation is an important fiscal policy.增税是一项重要的财政政策。 The government has two basic strategies of fiscal policy available.政府有两个可行的财政政策基本战略。

19 rectify
v.订正，矫正，改正
参考例句：
The matter will rectify itself in a few days.那件事过几天就会变好。 You can rectify this fault if you insert a slash.插人一条斜线便可以纠正此错误。

20 leakage
n.漏，泄漏；泄漏物；漏出量
参考例句：
Large areas of land have been contaminated by the leakage from the nuclear reactor.大片地区都被核反应堆的泄漏物污染了。 The continuing leakage is the result of the long crack in the pipe.这根管子上的那一条裂缝致使渗漏不断。

21 rust
n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退
参考例句：
She scraped the rust off the kitchen knife.她擦掉了菜刀上的锈。 The rain will rust the iron roof.雨水会使铁皮屋顶生锈。

22 shareholding
n.股权
参考例句：
Shareholding commercial banks must exercise an independent system of board of directors. 股份制商业银行必须实行独立董事制度。来自互联网 Asset re-structuring: to conduct shareholding reform for high quality assets. 资产重组：对优质资产进行股份制改造。来自互联网

23 joint
adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合
参考例句：
I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。 We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

24 shipping
n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）
参考例句：
We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。 There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

25 proprietorship
n.所有（权）；所有权
参考例句：
A sole proprietorship ends with the incapacity or death of the owner. 当业主无力经营或死亡的时候，这家个体企业也就宣告结束。来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件 This company has a proprietorship of the copyright. 这家公司拥有版权所有权。来自辞典例句

26 solvency
n.偿付能力，溶解力
参考例句：
Fears about the solvency of the banks precipitated the great economic crash.对银行偿付能力出现恐慌更加速了经济的崩溃。 Their targets,including profitability ratios,solvency ratios,asset management ratios.其指标包括盈利比率、偿债能力比率、资产管理比率。

27 specification
n.详述；[常pl.]规格，说明书，规范
参考例句：
I want to know his specification of details.我想知道他对细节的详述。 Examination confirmed that the quality of the products was up to specification.经检查，产品质量合格。

28 monetary
adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的
参考例句：
The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。 Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

29 shareholder
n.股东，股票持有人
参考例句：
The account department have prepare a financial statement for the shareholder.财务部为股东准备了一份财务报表。 A shareholder may transfer his shares in accordance with the law.股东持有的股份可以依法转让。

30 dressing
n.(食物)调料；包扎伤口的用品，敷料
参考例句：
Don't spend such a lot of time in dressing yourself.别花那么多时间来打扮自己。 The children enjoy dressing up in mother's old clothes.孩子们喜欢穿上妈妈旧时的衣服玩。

31 incentive
n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机
参考例句：
Money is still a major incentive in most occupations.在许多职业中，钱仍是主要的鼓励因素。 He hasn't much incentive to work hard.他没有努力工作的动机。

32 optimize
v.使优化 [=optimise]
参考例句：
We should optimize the composition of the Standing Committees.优化人大常委会组成人员的结构。 We should optimize our import mix and focus on bringing in advanced technology and key equipment.优化进口结构，着重引进先进技术和关键设备。

33 vigor
n.活力，精力，元气
参考例句：
The choir sang the words out with great vigor.合唱团以极大的热情唱出了歌词。 She didn't want to be reminded of her beauty or her former vigor.现在，她不愿人们提起她昔日的美丽和以前的精力充沛。

34 sector
n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形
参考例句：
The export sector will aid the economic recovery. 出口产业将促进经济复苏。 The enemy have attacked the British sector.敌人已进攻英国防区。

35 dominant
adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因
参考例句：
The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。 She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。

36 annexed
[法] 附加的，附属的
参考例句：
Germany annexed Austria in 1938. 1938年德国吞并了奥地利。 The outlying villages were formally annexed by the town last year. 那些偏远的村庄于去年正式被并入该镇。

37 cardinal
n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的
参考例句：
This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。 The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火，脸涨得通红。

38 adherence
n.信奉，依附，坚持，固着
参考例句：
He was well known for his adherence to the rules.他因遵循这些规定而出名。 The teacher demanded adherence to the rules.老师要求学生们遵守纪律。

39 socialist
n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的
参考例句：
China is a socialist country,and a developing country as well.中国是一个社会主义国家，也是一个发展中国家。 His father was an ardent socialist.他父亲是一个热情的社会主义者。

40 elimination
n.排除，消除，消灭
参考例句：
Their elimination from the competition was a great surprise.他们在比赛中遭到淘汰是个很大的意外。 I was eliminated from the 400 metres in the semi-finals.我在400米半决赛中被淘汰。

41 deviation
n.背离，偏离；偏差，偏向；离题
参考例句：
Deviation from this rule are very rare.很少有违反这条规则的。 Any deviation from the party's faith is seen as betrayal.任何对党的信仰的偏离被视作背叛。

42 deviations
背离，偏离( deviation的名词复数 )；离经叛道的行为
参考例句：
Local deviations depend strongly on the local geometry of the solid matrix. 局部偏离严格地依赖于固体矩阵的局部几何形状。 They were a series of tactical day-to-day deviations from White House policy. 它们是一系列策略上一天天摆脱白宫政策的偏向。

43 vigilant
adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的
参考例句：
He has to learn how to remain vigilant through these long nights.他得学会如何在这漫长的黑夜里保持警觉。 The dog kept a vigilant guard over the house.这只狗警醒地守护着这所房屋。

44 capitalism
n.资本主义
参考例句：
The essence of his argument is that capitalism cannot succeed.他的论点的核心是资本主义不能成功。 Capitalism began to develop in Russia in the 19th century.十九世纪资本主义在俄国开始发展。

45 distinguished
adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的
参考例句：
Elephants are distinguished from other animals by their long noses.大象以其长长的鼻子显示出与其他动物的不同。 A banquet was given in honor of the distinguished guests.宴会是为了向贵宾们致敬而举行的。

46 mandatory
adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者
参考例句：
It's mandatory to pay taxes.缴税是义务性的。 There is no mandatory paid annual leave in the U.S.美国没有强制带薪年假。

47 labor
n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦
参考例句：
We are never late in satisfying him for his labor.我们从不延误付给他劳动报酬。 He was completely spent after two weeks of hard labor.艰苦劳动两周后，他已经疲惫不堪了。

48 mechanism
n.机械装置；机构，结构
参考例句：
The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。 The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

49 marketing
n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西
参考例句：
They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。 He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

50 modernization
n.现代化，现代化的事物
参考例句：
This will help us achieve modernization.这有助于我们实现现代化。 The Chinese people are sure to realize the modernization of their country.中国人民必将实现国家现代化。

51 modernize
vt.使现代化，使适应现代的需要
参考例句：
It was their manifest failure to modernize the country's industries.他们使国家进行工业现代化，明显失败了。 There is a pressing need to modernise our electoral system.我们的选举制度迫切需要现代化。

52 consolidation
n.合并,巩固
参考例句：
The denser population necessitates closer consolidation both for internal and external action. 住得日益稠密的居民，对内和对外都不得不更紧密地团结起来。来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源 The state ensures the consolidation and growth of the state economy. 国家保障国营经济的巩固和发展。来自汉英非文学 - 中国宪法

53 ministry
n.(政府的)部；牧师
参考例句：
They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。 We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

54 generic
adj.一般的，普通的，共有的
参考例句：
I usually buy generic clothes instead of name brands.我通常买普通的衣服，不买名牌。 The generic woman appears to have an extraordinary faculty for swallowing the individual.一般妇女在婚后似乎有特别突出的抑制个性的能力。

55 prudent
adj.谨慎的，有远见的，精打细算的
参考例句：
A prudent traveller never disparages his own country.聪明的旅行者从不贬低自己的国家。 You must school yourself to be modest and prudent.你要学会谦虚谨慎。

56 deficit
n.亏空，亏损；赤字，逆差
参考例句：
The directors have reported a deficit of 2.5 million dollars.董事们报告赤字为250万美元。 We have a great deficit this year.我们今年有很大亏损。

57 administrative
adj.行政的，管理的
参考例句：
The administrative burden must be lifted from local government.必须解除地方政府的行政负担。 He regarded all these administrative details as beneath his notice.他认为行政管理上的这些琐事都不值一顾。

58 advisory
adj.劝告的，忠告的，顾问的，提供咨询
参考例句：
I have worked in an advisory capacity with many hospitals.我曾在多家医院做过顾问工作。 He was appointed to the advisory committee last month.他上个月获任命为顾问委员会委员。

59 forum
n.论坛，讨论会
参考例句：
They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。 The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

60 infrastructure
n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施
参考例句：
We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。 We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

61 accreditation
n.委派，信赖，鉴定合格
参考例句：
a letter of accreditation 一份合格证明书 This paper gives an overview of the Verification, Validation and Accreditation (VV&A) in High Level Architecture(HLA). 对基于高层体系结构(High Level Architecture,简称HLA)的仿真系统的校核、验证与确认(Verification, Validation and Accreditation,简称VV&A)问题进行了详细的介绍及分析。来自互联网

62 penetration
n.穿透，穿人，渗透
参考例句：
He is a man of penetration.他是一个富有洞察力的人。 Our aim is to achieve greater market penetration.我们的目标是进一步打入市场。

63 domain
n.(活动等)领域，范围；领地，势力范围
参考例句：
This information should be in the public domain.这一消息应该为公众所知。 This question comes into the domain of philosophy.这一问题属于哲学范畴。

64 registration
n.登记，注册，挂号
参考例句：
Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。 What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

65 administrator
n.经营管理者，行政官员
参考例句：
The role of administrator absorbed much of Ben's energy.行政职务耗掉本很多精力。 He has proved himself capable as administrator.他表现出管理才能。

66 multimedia
adj.多种手段的，多媒体的；n.多媒体
参考例句：
Multimedia is the combination of computer and video technology.多媒体是计算机和视频技术的结合。 Adam raised the issue of multimedia applications and much useful discussion ensued.亚当提出了多媒体应用的问题，从而引发了许多有益的讨论。

67 graphics
n.制图法，制图学；图形显示
参考例句：
You've leveraged your graphics experience into the video area.你们把图形设计业务的经验运用到录像业务中去。 Improved graphics took computer games into a new era.经改进的制图技术将电脑游戏带进了一个新时代。

68 interface
n.接合部位，分界面；v.(使)互相联系
参考例句：
My computer has a network interface,which allows me to get to other computers.我的计算机有网络接口可以与其它计算机连在一起。 This program has perspicuous interface and extensive application. 该程序界面明了，适用范围广。

69 jointly
ad.联合地，共同地
参考例句：
Tenants are jointly and severally liable for payment of the rent. 租金由承租人共同且分别承担。 She owns the house jointly with her husband. 她和丈夫共同拥有这所房子。

70 liquidated
v.清算( liquidate的过去式和过去分词 )；清除（某人）；清偿；变卖
参考例句：
All his supporters were expelled, exiled, or liquidated. 他的支持者全都被驱逐、流放或消灭了。来自《简明英汉词典》 That can be liquidated at market value any time. 那可按市价随时得到偿付。来自辞典例句

71 condemned
adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的动词condemn的过去式和过去分词
参考例句：
He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。 The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

72 liquidation
n.清算，停止营业
参考例句：
The bankrupt company went into liquidation.这家破产公司停业清盘。 He lost all he possessed when his company was put into liquidation.当公司被清算结业时他失去了拥有的一切。

73 clearance
n.净空；许可(证)；清算；清除，清理
参考例句：
There was a clearance of only ten centimetres between the two walls.两堵墙之间只有十厘米的空隙。 The ship sailed as soon as it got clearance. 那艘船一办好离港手续立刻启航了。

74 disposition
n.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署
参考例句：
He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。 He has a cheerful disposition.他性情开朗。

75 swap
n.交换；vt.交换，用...作交易
参考例句：
I will swap you my bicycle for your radio.我想拿我的自行车换你的收音机。 This comic was a swap that I got from Nick.这本漫画书是我从尼克那里换来的。

76 linkage
n.连接；环节
参考例句：
In their monographic treatment of linkage,they have emphasized this especially.他们在论连锁的专题文章中特别强调了这点。 Occasionally,problems with block inheritance or linkage are encountered.有时会遇到区段遗传或连锁问题。

77 quota
n.（生产、进出口等的）配额，（移民的）限额
参考例句：
A restricted import quota was set for meat products.肉类产品设定了进口配额。 He overfulfilled his production quota for two months running.他一连两个月超额完成生产指标。

78 assessment
n.评价；评估；对财产的估价，被估定的金额
参考例句：
This is a very perceptive assessment of the situation.这是一个对该情况的极富洞察力的评价。 What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何？

79 subsidies
n.补贴，津贴，补助金( subsidy的名词复数 )
参考例句：
European agriculture ministers failed to break the deadlock over farm subsidies. 欧洲各国农业部长在农业补贴问题上未能打破僵局。 Agricultural subsidies absorb about half the EU's income. 农业补贴占去了欧盟收入的大约一半。来自《简明英汉词典》

80 seasonal
adj.季节的，季节性的
参考例句：
The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。 The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。

81 technological
adj.技术的；工艺的
参考例句：
A successful company must keep up with the pace of technological change.一家成功的公司必须得跟上技术变革的步伐。 Today,the pace of life is increasing with technological advancements.当今，随着科技进步，生活节奏不断增快。

82 exaction
n.强求，强征；杂税
参考例句：
The aged leader was exhausted by the exaction of a pitiless system.作为年迈的领导人，冷酷无情制度的苛求使他心力交瘁。 The exaction was revived by Richard I.这种苛捐杂税被查理一世加以恢复。

83 compulsory
n.强制的，必修的；规定的，义务的
参考例句：
Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗？ Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。

84 random
adj.随机的；任意的；n.偶然的(或随便的)行动
参考例句：
The list is arranged in a random order.名单排列不分先后。 On random inspection the meat was found to be bad.经抽查，发现肉变质了。

85 levies
（部队）征兵( levy的名词复数 )；募捐；被征募的军队
参考例句：
At that time, taxes and levies were as many as the hairs on an ox. 那时，苛捐杂税多如牛毛。 Variable levies can insulate farmers and consumers from world markets. 差价进口税可以把农民和消费者与世界市场隔离开来。

86 millennium
n.一千年，千禧年；太平盛世
参考例句：
The whole world was counting down to the new millennium.全世界都在倒计时迎接新千年的到来。 We waited as the clock ticked away the last few seconds of the old millennium.我们静候着时钟滴答走过千年的最后几秒钟。

87 bug
n.虫子；故障；窃听器；vt.纠缠；装窃听器
参考例句：
There is a bug in the system.系统出了故障。 The bird caught a bug on the fly.那鸟在飞行中捉住了一只昆虫。

88 mutual
adj.相互的，彼此的；共同的，共有的
参考例句：
We must pull together for mutual interest.我们必须为相互的利益而通力合作。 Mutual interests tied us together.相互的利害关系把我们联系在一起。

89 crave
vt.渴望得到，迫切需要，恳求，请求
参考例句：
Many young children crave attention.许多小孩子渴望得到关心。 You may be craving for some fresh air.你可能很想呼吸呼吸新鲜空气。

90 inflated
adj.（价格）飞涨的；（通货）膨胀的；言过其实的；充了气的v.使充气（于轮胎、气球等）( inflate的过去式和过去分词 )；（使）膨胀；（使）通货膨胀；物价上涨
参考例句：
He has an inflated sense of his own importance. 他自视过高。 They all seem to take an inflated view of their collective identity. 他们对自己的集体身份似乎都持有一种夸大的看法。来自《简明英汉词典》

91 overlapping
adj./n.交迭（的）
参考例句：
There is no overlapping question between the two courses. 这两门课程之间不存在重叠的问题。 A trimetrogon strip is composed of three rows of overlapping. 三镜头摄影航线为三排重迭的象片所组成。

92 chronic
adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的
参考例句：
Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。 Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

93 implement
n.(pl.)工具，器具；vt.实行，实施，执行
参考例句：
Don't undertake a project unless you can implement it.不要承担一项计划，除非你能完成这项计划。 The best implement for digging a garden is a spade.在花园里挖土的最好工具是铁锹。

94 implementation
n.实施，贯彻
参考例句：
Implementation of the program is now well underway.这一项目的实施现在行情看好。

95 equitable
adj.公平的；公正的
参考例句：
This is an equitable solution to the dispute. 这是对该项争议的公正解决。 Paying a person what he has earned is equitable. 酬其应得,乃公平之事。

96 fixed
adj.固定的，不变的，准备好的；(计算机)固定的
参考例句：
Have you two fixed on a date for the wedding yet?你们俩选定婚期了吗？ Once the aim is fixed,we should not change it arbitrarily.目标一旦确定，我们就不应该随意改变。

97 vitality
n.活力，生命力，效力
参考例句：
He came back from his holiday bursting with vitality and good health.他度假归来之后，身强体壮，充满活力。 He is an ambitious young man full of enthusiasm and vitality.他是个充满热情与活力的有远大抱负的青年。

98 turnover
n.人员流动率，人事变动率；营业额，成交量
参考例句：
The store greatly reduced the prices to make a quick turnover.这家商店实行大减价以迅速周转资金。 Our turnover actually increased last year.去年我们的营业额竟然增加了。

99 corporate
adj.共同的，全体的；公司的，企业的
参考例句：
This is our corporate responsibility.这是我们共同的责任。 His corporate's life will be as short as a rabbit's tail.他的公司的寿命是兔子尾巴长不了。

100 offset
n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿
参考例句：
Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。 He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

101 provincial
adj.省的，地方的；n．外省人，乡下人
参考例句：
City dwellers think country folk have provincial attitudes.城里人以为乡下人思想迂腐。 Two leading cadres came down from the provincial capital yesterday.昨天从省里下来了两位领导干部。

102 fortifying
筑防御工事于( fortify的现在分词 )；筑堡于；增强；强化（食品）
参考例句：
Fortifying executive function and restraining impulsivity are possible with active interventions. 积极干预可能有助加强执行功能和抑制冲动性。 Vingo stopped looking, tightening his face, fortifying himself against still another disappointment. 文戈不再张望，他绷紧脸，仿佛正在鼓足勇气准备迎接另一次失望似的。

103 unified
(unify 的过去式和过去分词)；统一的；统一标准的；一元化的
参考例句：
The teacher unified the answer of her pupil with hers. 老师核对了学生的答案。 The First Emperor of Qin unified China in 221 B.C. 秦始皇于公元前221年统一中国。

104 dual
adj.双的；二重的，二元的
参考例句：
The people's Republic of China does not recognize dual nationality for any Chinese national.中华人民共和国不承认中国公民具有双重国籍。 He has dual role as composer and conductor.他兼作曲家及指挥的双重身分。

105 sectoral
adj.扇形的
参考例句：
Is agriculture actually taxed by sectoral policies, or is It'subsidized? 按照部门政策，农业实际上是上缴了税还是得到了补贴呢？来自辞典例句 In the 1980s this concept was used to buttress several so-called sectoral reciprocity proposals. 80年代这一原则曾被用来支持几个所谓部分互惠建议。来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件

106 residential
adj.提供住宿的；居住的；住宅的
参考例句：
The mayor inspected the residential section of the city.市长视察了该市的住宅区。 The residential blocks were integrated with the rest of the college.住宿区与学院其他部分结合在了一起。

107 merger
n.企业合并，并吞
参考例句：
Acceptance of the offer is the first step to a merger.对这项提议的赞同是合并的第一步。 Shareholders will be voting on the merger of the companies.股东们将投票表决公司合并问题。

108 vertical
adj.垂直的，顶点的，纵向的；n.垂直物，垂直的位置
参考例句：
The northern side of the mountain is almost vertical.这座山的北坡几乎是垂直的。 Vertical air motions are not measured by this system.垂直气流的运动不用这种系统来测量。

109 integration
n.一体化，联合，结合
参考例句：
We are working to bring about closer political integration in the EU.我们正在努力实现欧盟內部更加紧密的政治一体化。 This was the greatest event in the annals of European integration.这是欧洲统一史上最重大的事件。

110 license
n.执照，许可证，特许；v.许可，特许
参考例句：
The foreign guest has a license on the person.这个外国客人随身携带执照。 The driver was arrested for having false license plates on his car.司机由于使用假车牌而被捕。

111 modulation
n.调制
参考例句：
The soft modulation of her voice soothed the infant. 她柔和的声调使婴儿安静了。 Frequency modulation does not allow static to creep in. 频率调制不允许静电干扰混入。

112 protocol
n.议定书，草约，会谈记录，外交礼节
参考例句：
We must observe the correct protocol.我们必须遵守应有的礼仪。 The statesmen signed a protocol.那些政治家签了议定书。

113 tariffs
关税制度；关税( tariff的名词复数 )；关税表；（旅馆或饭店等的）收费表；量刑标准
参考例句：
British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by protective tariffs. 保护性关税使英国工业免受国际竞争影响。 The new tariffs have put a stranglehold on trade. 新的关税制对开展贸易极为不利。