形容词和副词比较等级的特殊点

一、同级比较的特殊点

　　在as ... as¹结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。例如：

她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。

[误] She is as a good teacher as your father.

[正] She is as good a teacher as your father.

二、比较级的特殊句型

1. “the + 比较级 + of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。例如：

Wang Gang² is the taller of the two boys.

2. “比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more + 多音节形容词或副词原级”。例如：

The days are getting longer and longer.

English is becoming more and more important³.

3. “The + 比较级……， the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”。例如：

The busier he is, the happier he feels.

三、最高级的特殊句型

1. “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”表示“最……之一”。例如：

China is one of the largest countries in the world.

2. “the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数可数名词”表示“第几……”。例如：

The Yellow River is the second longest river of China.

3. 当最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the；若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。例如：

He is our best friend.

Liu Fang⁴ is the youngest and shortest girl in our class.

四、级与级之间的转换

1. 原级与比较级转换的常见句型：

① not so (as) +单音节形容词或副词+ as → 单音节形容词或副词的反义词比较级 + than。例如：

Tom is not so(as) tall as John.

→ Tom is shorter than John.

② not so (as) + 多音节形容词或副词 + as → less⁵ + 多音节形容词或副词原级 + than。例如：

Tom is not so(as) careful as Mary.

→ Tom is less careful than Mary.

2. 比较级间的转换：常改变比较对象的位置并使用形容词或副词的反义词。例如：

John is younger⁶ than Bill⁷.

→ Bill is older than John.

Li Mei comes earlier than Ma Hong every day.

→ Ma Hong comes later⁸ than Li Mei every day.

3. 比较级转换为最高级的常见句型：

① 比较级+than + any other + 单数名词。例如：

Zhang Lei is taller than any other student in his class.

→ Zhang Lei is the tallest student in his class.

② 比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词。例如：

Mike is younger than the other boys in his class.

→ Mike is the youngest boy in his class.

③ 比较级 + than + anyone⁹ else。例如：

Mr Smith is fatter than anyone else in his office.

→ Mr Smith is the fattest in his office.