法律词汇表Q-R

时间：2007-04-03 07:02:06

（单词翻译:单击）

术语
定义
quash To vacate, void, nullify.
quid pro1 quo "Something for something." Fair return consideration; i.e., giving something of value in return for getting something of similar value.
quo warranto (quo wah RANT2 oh) Writ3 used to discover by what authority an individual holds or claims a public office, franchise4 or liberty.
rap sheet See criminal history record information.
ratio decidendi (RAY she oh DES ih DEN5 dye) Principle or rule of law on which a court decision is based.
real evidence Physical evidence that plays a direct part in incident in question, as opposed to oral testimony6.
real property Land, anything growing on the land and anything erected7 on or attached to the land. Also called real estate.
reasonable doubt State of mind in which jurors cannot say they feel confident that an individual is guilty of crime charged. See beyond a reasonable doubt.
reasonable person Hypothetical person who sensibly exercises qualities of attention, knowledge, intelligence and judgment8. Used as legal standard to determine negligence9.
rebuttal Evidence which disproves evidence introduced by the opposing party.
recidivism10 (reh SID ih vizm) Relapse into former type of behavior, as when an individual relapses into criminal behavior. A habitual11 criminal is a recidivist.
recognizance See personal recognizance.
record Official documents, evidence, transcripts12, etc., of proceedings13 in a case.
recusal Process by which a judge excuses him/herself from hearing a case.
recusation Plea by which defendant14 requests that judge hearing his/her trial excuse him/herself from case.
re-direct examination Opportunity to question witness after cross-examination regarding issues brought up during the cross-examination. Compare rehabilitation15.
redress16 To set right; to remedy; to compensate17.
referral Process by which a juvenile18 case is introduced to court, agency or program where needed services can be obtained.
referee19 Person appointed by a court to assist with certain proceedings, such as taking testimony.
rehabilitation Reexamining a witness whose credibility has suffered during cross-examination to restore that witness's credibility. Compare re-direct examination.
rehearing Another hearing of case by same court in which suit was originally heard.
rejoinder Defendant's answer to the plaintiff's reply.
relevant evidence Evidence that tends to prove or disprove a matter at issue.
relief See remedy.
remand To send a case back to court where originally heard for further action. Also, to send an individual back into custody20 after a preliminary examination.
remedy Means by which right or privilege is enforced or violation21 of right or privilege is prevented, redressed22 or compensated23. Also called relief.
remittitur (reh MID24 ih dur) Judge's reduction of damages awarded by jury.
removal Transfer of state case to federal court for trial.
replication Plaintiff's reply to defendant's plea, answer or counterclaim.
replevin (reh PLEV in) Action for recovery of a possession wrongfully taken.
reply Plaintiff's response to defendant's argument, counterclaim or answer. Plaintiff's second pleading.
respondent See appellee.
rest When one side finishes presenting evidence in a trial.
restitution25 Return of something to its rightful owner. Also, giving the equivalent for any loss, damage or injury.
restraining order Order prohibiting someone from harassing26, threatening, contacting or even approaching another individual.
retainer Act of a client in hiring an attorney. Also denotes fee client pays when retaining attorney.
return Report to judge of action taken in executing writ issued by judge, usually written on the back of the writ. Also, the action of returning the writ to court.
reverse Higher court setting aside lower court's decision.
reversible error Error sufficiently27 harmful to justify28 reversing judgment of lower court. Also called prejudicial error. Compare harmless error.
revocable trust (REV uh cuh b'l) Trust that grantor may change or revoke29.
revoke To cancel or nullify a legal document.
robbery Felonious taking of another's property in that person's presence by force or fear. Differs from larceny30.
rule of court Rules governing how a given court operates.
rules of evidence Standards governing whether evidence is admissible

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1 pro tk3zvX     
n.赞成，赞成的意见，赞成者
参考例句：
  • The two debating teams argued the question pro and con.辩论的两组从赞成与反对两方面辩这一问题。
  • Are you pro or con nuclear disarmament?你是赞成还是反对核裁军？
2 rant 9CYy4     
v.咆哮；怒吼；n.大话；粗野的话
参考例句：
  • You can rant and rave at the fine,but you'll still have to pay it.你闹也好，骂也好，罚金还是得交。
  • If we rant on the net,the world is our audience.如果我们在网络上大声嚷嚷，全世界都是我们的听众。
3 writ iojyr     
n.命令状，书面命令
参考例句：
  • This is a copy of a writ I received this morning.这是今早我收到的书面命令副本。
  • You shouldn't treat the newspapers as if they were Holy Writ. 你不应该把报上说的话奉若神明。
4 franchise BQnzu     
n.特许，特权，专营权，特许权
参考例句：
  • Catering in the schools is run on a franchise basis.学校餐饮服务以特许权经营。
  • The United States granted the franchise to women in 1920.美国于1920年给妇女以参政权。
5 den 5w9xk     
n.兽穴；秘密地方；安静的小房间，私室
参考例句：
  • There is a big fox den on the back hill.后山有一个很大的狐狸窝。
  • The only way to catch tiger cubs is to go into tiger's den.不入虎穴焉得虎子。
6 testimony zpbwO     
n.证词；见证，证明
参考例句：
  • The testimony given by him is dubious.他所作的证据是可疑的。
  • He was called in to bear testimony to what the police officer said.他被传入为警官所说的话作证。
7 ERECTED ERECTED     
adj. 直立的，竖立的，笔直的 vt. 使 ... 直立，建立
参考例句：
  • A monument to him was erected in St Paul's Cathedral. 在圣保罗大教堂为他修了一座纪念碑。
  • A monument was erected to the memory of that great scientist. 树立了一块纪念碑纪念那位伟大的科学家。
8 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
参考例句：
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
9 negligence IjQyI     
n.疏忽，玩忽，粗心大意
参考例句：
  • They charged him with negligence of duty.他们指责他玩忽职守。
  • The traffic accident was allegedly due to negligence.这次车祸据说是由于疏忽造成的。
10 recidivism wSXzK     
n.累犯，再犯
参考例句：
  • Many areas and work units have experienced no recidivism at all for as long as ten or more years.不少地区和单位出现了连续几年、十几年没有发生重新犯罪的好典型。
  • It needs to supplement the personality factor to confirm the ordinary recidivism.在普通累犯成立的条件中,应增加罪犯的人格因素。
11 habitual x5Pyp     
adj.习惯性的；通常的，惯常的
参考例句：
  • He is a habitual criminal.他是一个惯犯。
  • They are habitual visitors to our house.他们是我家的常客。
12 transcripts 525c0b10bb61e5ddfdd47d7faa92db26     
n.抄本（ transcript的名词复数 ）；转写本；文字本；副本
参考例句：
  • Like mRNA, both tRNA and rRNA are transcripts of chromosomal DNA. tRNA及rRNA同mRNA一样，都是染色体DNA的转录产物。 来自辞典例句
  • You can't take the transfer students'exam without your transcripts. 没有成绩证明书，你就不能参加转学考试。 来自辞典例句
13 proceedings Wk2zvX     
n.进程，过程，议程；诉讼(程序)；公报
参考例句：
  • He was released on bail pending committal proceedings. 他交保获释正在候审。
  • to initiate legal proceedings against sb 对某人提起诉讼
14 defendant mYdzW     
n.被告；adj.处于被告地位的
参考例句：
  • The judge rejected a bribe from the defendant's family.法官拒收被告家属的贿赂。
  • The defendant was borne down by the weight of evidence.有力的证据使被告认输了。
15 rehabilitation 8Vcxv     
n.康复，悔过自新，修复，复兴，复职，复位
参考例句：
  • He's booked himself into a rehabilitation clinic.他自己联系了一家康复诊所。
  • No one can really make me rehabilitation of injuries.已经没有人可以真正令我的伤康复了。
16 redress PAOzS     
n.赔偿，救济，矫正；v.纠正，匡正，革除
参考例句：
  • He did all that he possibly could to redress the wrongs.他尽了一切努力革除弊端。
  • Any man deserves redress if he has been injured unfairly.任何人若蒙受不公平的损害都应获得赔偿。
17 compensate AXky7     
vt.补偿，赔偿；酬报 vi.弥补；补偿；抵消
参考例句：
  • She used her good looks to compensate her lack of intelligence. 她利用她漂亮的外表来弥补智力的不足。
  • Nothing can compensate for the loss of one's health. 一个人失去了键康是不可弥补的。
18 juvenile OkEy2     
n.青少年，少年读物；adj.青少年的，幼稚的
参考例句：
  • For a grown man he acted in a very juvenile manner.身为成年人，他的行为举止显得十分幼稚。
  • Juvenile crime is increasing at a terrifying rate.青少年犯罪正在以惊人的速度增长。
19 referee lAqzU     
n.裁判员．仲裁人，代表人，鉴定人
参考例句：
  • The team was left raging at the referee's decision.队员们对裁判员的裁决感到非常气愤。
  • The referee blew a whistle at the end of the game.裁判在比赛结束时吹响了哨子。
20 custody Qntzd     
n.监护，照看，羁押，拘留
参考例句：
  • He spent a week in custody on remand awaiting sentence.等候判决期间他被还押候审一个星期。
  • He was taken into custody immediately after the robbery.抢劫案发生后，他立即被押了起来。
21 violation lLBzJ     
n.违反(行为)，违背(行为)，侵犯
参考例句：
  • He roared that was a violation of the rules.他大声说，那是违反规则的。
  • He was fined 200 dollars for violation of traffic regulation.他因违反交通规则被罚款200美元。
22 redressed 8017fbc07b7c6d2d52c53e1165604def     
v.改正( redress的过去式和过去分词 )；重加权衡；恢复平衡
参考例句：
  • A fault confessed is half redressed. 承认错误等于改正了一半。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Those who had been wronged stood up and demanded that their wrongs be redressed, and those who had been made to suffer cruelly spoke out against those responsible for their suffering. 有冤伸冤，有苦诉苦。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
23 compensated 0b0382816fac7dbf94df37906582be8f     
补偿，报酬( compensate的过去式和过去分词 )； 给（某人）赔偿（或赔款）
参考例句：
  • The marvelous acting compensated for the play's weak script. 本剧的精彩表演弥补了剧本的不足。
  • I compensated his loss with money. 我赔偿他经济损失。
24 mid doTzSB     
adj.中央的，中间的
参考例句：
  • Our mid-term exam is pending.我们就要期中考试了。
  • He switched over to teaching in mid-career.他在而立之年转入教学工作。
25 restitution cDHyz     
n.赔偿；恢复原状
参考例句：
  • It's only fair that those who do the damage should make restitution.损坏东西的人应负责赔偿，这是再公平不过的了。
  • The victims are demanding full restitution.受害人要求全额赔偿。
26 harassing 76b352fbc5bcc1190a82edcc9339a9f2     
v.侵扰，骚扰( harass的现在分词 )；不断攻击（敌人）
参考例句：
  • The court ordered him to stop harassing his ex-wife. 法庭命令他不得再骚扰前妻。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • It was too close to be merely harassing fire. 打得这么近，不能完全是扰乱射击。 来自辞典例句
27 sufficiently 0htzMB     
adv.足够地，充分地
参考例句：
  • It turned out he had not insured the house sufficiently.原来他没有给房屋投足保险。
  • The new policy was sufficiently elastic to accommodate both views.新政策充分灵活地适用两种观点。
28 justify j3DxR     
vt.证明…正当(或有理)，为…辩护
参考例句：
  • He tried to justify his absence with lame excuses.他想用站不住脚的借口为自己的缺席辩解。
  • Can you justify your rude behavior to me?你能向我证明你的粗野行为是有道理的吗？
29 revoke aWYxX     
v.废除，取消，撤回
参考例句：
  • The university may revoke my diploma.大学可能吊销我的毕业证书。
  • The government revoked her husband's license to operate migrant labor crews.政府撤销了她丈夫管理外来打工人群的许可证。
30 larceny l9pzc     
n.盗窃（罪）
参考例句：
  • The man was put in jail for grand larceny.人因重大盗窃案而被监禁。
  • It was an essential of the common law crime of larceny.它是构成普通法中的盗窃罪的必要条件。

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