双城记(A Tale of Two Cities)第一章 五年后
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TELLSON'S Bank by Temple Bar was an old-fashioned place, even in the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty. It was very small, very dark, very ugly, very incommodious. It was an old-fashioned place, moreover, in the moral attribute that the partners in the House were proud of its smallness, proud of its darkness, proud of its ugliness, proud of its incommodiousness. They were even boastful of its eminence2 in those particulars, and were fired by an empress conviction that, if it were less objectionable, it would be less   respectable. This was no passive belief, but an active weapon which they flashed at more convenient places of business. Tellson's (they said) wanted no elbow-room, Tellson's wanted no light, Tellson's wanted no embellishment. Noakes and Co.'s might, or Snooks Brothers' might; but Tellson's, thank Heaven!---

Any one of these partners would have disinherited his son on the question of rebuilding Tellson's. In this respect the House was much on a par1 with the Country; which did very often disinherit its sons for suggesting improvements in laws and customs that had long been highly objectionable, but were only the more respectable.

Thus it had come to pass, that Tellson's was the triumphant3 perfection of inconvenience. After bursting open a door of idiotic4 obstinacy5 with a weak rattle6 in its throat, you fell into Tellson's down two steps, and came to your senses in a miser-able little shop, with two little counters, where the oldest of men made your cheque shake as if the wind rustled8 it, while they examined the signature by the dingiest9 of windows, which were always under a shower-bath of mud from Fleet-street, and which were made the dingier10 by their own iron bars proper, and the heavy shadow of Temple Bar. If your business necessitated11 your seeing `the House,' you were put into a species of Condemned12 Hold at the back, where you meditated13 on a misspent life, until the House came with its hands in its pockets, and you could hardly blink at it in the dismal14 twilight15. Your money came out of' or went into, wormy old wooden drawers, particles of which flew up your nose and down your throat when they were opened and shut. Your bank-notes had a musty odour, as if they were fast decomposing16 into rags again. Your plate was stowed away among the neighbouring cesspools, and evil communications corrupted17 its good polish in a day or two. Your deeds got into extemporised strong-rooms made of kitchens and sculleries, and fretted18 all the fat out of their parchments into the banking19 house air. Your lighter20 boxes of family papers went up-stairs into a Barmecide room, that always had a great dining-table in it and never had a dinner, and where, even in the year one thousand seven hundred and eighty, the first letters written to you by your old love, or by your little children, were but newly released from the horror of being ogled21 through the windows, by the heads exposed on Temple Bar with an insensate brutality22 and ferocity worthy23 of Abyssinia or Ashantee.

But indeed, at that time, putting to death was a recipe much in vogue24 with all trades and professions, and not least of all with Tellson's. Death is Nature's remedy for all things, and why not Legislation's? Accordingly, the forger25 was put to death; the utterer of a bad note was put to Death; the unlawful opener of a letter was put to Death; the purloiner26 of forty shillings and sixpence was put to Death; the holder27 of a horse at Tellson's door, who made off with it, was put to Death; the coiner of a bad shilling was put to Death; the sounders of three-fourths of the notes in the whole gamut28 of Grime, were put to Death. Not that it
did the least good in the way of prevention--it might almost have been worth remarking that the fact was exactly the reverse--but, it cleared off (as to this world) the trouble of each particular case, and left nothing else connected with it to be looked after. Thus, Tellson's, in its day, like greater places of business, its contemporaries, had taken so many lives, that, if the heads laid low before it had been ranged on Temple Bar instead of being privately29 disposed of' they would probably have excluded what little light the ground floor had, in a rather significant manner.

Cramped30 in all kinds of dim cupboards and hutches at Tellson's, the oldest of men carried on the business gravely.

When they took a young man into Tellson's London house, they hid him somewhere till he was old. They kept him in a dark place, like a cheese, until he had the full Tellson flavour and blue-mould upon him. Then only was he permitted to be seen, spectacularly poring over large books, and casting his breeches and gaiters into the general weight of the establishment.

Outside Tellson's--never by any means in it, unless called in--was an odd-job-man, an occasional porter and messenger, who served as the live sign of the house. He was never absent during business hours, unless upon an errand, and then he was represented by his son: a grisly urchin31 of twelve, who was his express image. People understood that Tellson's, in a stately way, tolerated the odd-job-man. The house had always tolerated some person in that capacity, and time and tide had drifted this person to the post. His surname was Cruncher, and on the youthful occasion of his renouncing32 by proxy33 the works of darkness,
in the easterly parish church of Houndsditch, he had received the added appellation34 of Jerry.

The scene was Mr. Cruncher's private lodging35 in Hanging-sword-alley, Whitefriars: the time, half-past seven of the clock on a windy March morning, Anno Domini seventeen hundred and eighty. (Mr. Cruncher himself always spoke36 of the year of our Lord as Anna Dominoes: apparently37 under the impression that the Christian38 era dated from the invention of a popular game, by a lady who had bestowed39 her name upon it.)

Mr. Cruncher's apartments were not in a savoury neighbourhood, and were but two in number, even if a closet with a single pane40 of glass in it might be counted as one. But they were very decently kept. Early as it was, on the windy March morning, the room in which he lay a-bed was already scrubbed throughout; and between the cups and saucers arranged for breakfast, and the lumbering41 deal table, a very clean white cloth was spread.

Mr. Cruncher reposed42 under a patchwork43 counterpane, like a Harlequin at home. At first, he slept heavily, but, by degrees, began to roll and surge in bed, until he rose above the surface, with his spiky44 hair looking as if it must tear the sheets to ribbons. At which juncture45, he exclaimed, in a voice of dire46 exasperation:

`Bust me, if she ain't at it agin!'

A woman of orderly and industrious47 appearance rose from her knees in a corner, with sufficient haste and trepidation48 to show that she was the person referred to.

`What!' said Mr. Cruncher, looking out of bed for a boot.

`You're at it agin, are you?

After hailing the morn with this second salutation, he threw a boot at the woman as a third. It was a very muddy boot, and may introduce the odd circumstance connected with Mr. Cruncher's domestic economy, that, whereas he often came home after
banking hours with clean boots, he often got up next morning to find the same boots   covered with clay.

`What,' said Mr. Cruncher, varying his apostrophe after missing his mark--'what are you, up to, Aggerawayter?'

`I was only saying my prayers.

`Saying your prayers! You're a nice woman! What do you mean by flopping50 yourself down and praying agin me?'

`I was not praying against you; I was praying for you.'

`You weren't. And if you were, I won't be took the liberty with. Here! your mother's a nice woman, young Jerry, going a praying agin your father's prosperity. You've got a dutiful mother, you have, my son. You've got a religious mother, you have, my boy: going and flopping herself down, and praying that the bread-and-butter may be snatched out of the mouth of her only child.'

Master cruncher (who was in his shirt) took this very ill, and, turning to his mother, strongly deprecated any praying away of his personal board.

`And what do you suppose, you conceited51 female,' said Mr. Cruncher, with unconscious inconsistency, `that the worth of your prayers may be? Name the price that you put your prayers at!'

`They only come from the heart, Jerry. They are worth no more than that.'

`Worth no more than that,' repeated Mr. Cruncher. `They ain't worth much, then. Whether or no, I won't be prayed agin, I tell you. I can't afford it. I'm not a going to be made unlucky by your sneaking52. If you must go flopping yourself down, flop49 in favour of your husband and child, and not in opposition53 to 'em. If I had had any but a unnat'ral wife, and this poor boy had had any but a unnat'ral mother, I might have made some money last week instead of being counter-prayed and countermined and religiously circumwented into the worst of luck. B-u-u-ust me ` said Mr. Cruncher, who all this time had been putting on his clothes, `if I ain't, what with piety54 and one blowed thing and another, been choused this last week into as bad luck as ever a poor devil of a honest tradesman met with! Young Jerry, dress yourself, my boy, and while I clean my boots keep a eye upon your mother now and then, and if you see any signs of more flopping, give me a call. For, I tell you,' here he addressed his wife once more, `I won't be gone agin, in this manner. I am as rickety as a hackneycoach, I'm as sleepy as laudanum, my lines is strained to that degree that I shouldn't know, if it wasn't for the pain in 'em, which was me and which somebody else, yet I'm none the better for it in pocket; and it's my suspicion that you've been at it from morning to night to prevent me from being the better for it in pocket, and I won't put up with it, Aggerawayter, and what do you say now!'

Growling55, in addition, such phrases as `Ah! yes! You're religious, too. You wouldn't put yourself in opposition to the interests of your husband and child, would you? Not you!' and throwing off other sarcastic56 sparks from the whirling grindstone of his indignation, Mr. Cruncher betook himself to his boot-cleaning and his general preparation for business. In the meantime, his son, whose head was garnished57 with tenderer spikes58, and whose young eyes stood close by one another, as his father's did, kept the required watch upon his mother. He greatly disturbed that poor woman at intervals59, by darting60 out of his sleeping
closet, where he made his toilet, with a suppressed cry of `You are going to flop, mother.--Halloa, father!' and, after raising this fictitious61 alarm, darting in again with an undutiful grin.

Mr. Cruncher's temper was not at all improved when he came to his breakfast. He resented Mrs. Cruncher's saying grace with particular animosity.

`Now, Aggerawayter! What are you up to? At it agin?'

His wife explained that she had merely `asked a blessing62.'

`Don't do it!' said Mr. Cruncher, looking about, as if he rather expected to see the loaf disappear under the efficacy of his wife's petitions. `I ain't a going to be blest out of house and home. I won't have my wittles blest off my table. Keep still!'

Exceedingly red-eyed and grim, as if he had been up all night at a party which had taken anything but a convivial63 turn, Jerry Cruncher worried his breakfast rather than ate it, growling over it like any four-footed inmate64 of a menagerie. Towards nine o'clock he smoothed his ruffled65 aspect, and, presenting as respectful and business-like an exterior66 as he could overlay his natural self with, issued forth67 to the occupation of the day.

It could scarcely be called a trade, in spite of his favourite description of himself as `a honest tradesman.' His stock consisted of a wooden stool, made out of a broken-backed chair cut down, which stool, young Jerry, walking at his father's side, carried every morning to beneath the banking-house window that was nearest Temple Bar: where, with the addition of the first handful of straw that could be gleaned68 from any passing vehicle to keep the cold and wet from the odd-job-man's feet, it formed the encampment for the day. On this post of his, Mr. Cruncher was as well known to Fleet-street and the Temple, as the Bar itself,--and was almost as ill-looking.

Encamped at a quarter before nine, in good time to touch his three-cornered hat to the oldest of men as they passed in to Tellson's, Jerry took up his station on this windy March morning, with young Jerry standing69 by him, when not engaged in making forays through the Bar, to inflict70 bodily and mental injuries of an acute description on passing boys who were small enough for his amiable71 purpose. Father and son, extremely like each other, looking silently on at the morning traffic in Fleet-street, with their two heads as near to one another as the two eyes of each were, bore a considerable resemblance to a pair of monkeys. The resemblance was not lessened72 by the accidental circumstance, that the mature Jerry bit and spat73 out straw, while the twinkling eyes of the youthful Jerry were as restlessly watchful74 of him as of everything else in Fleet-street.

The head of one of the regular indoor messengers attached to Tellson's establishment was put through the door, and the word was given.

`Porter wanted!'

`Hooray, father! Here's an early job to begin with!'

Having thus given his parent God speed, young Jerry seated himself on the stool, entered on his reversionary interest in the straw his father had been chewing, and cogitated75.

`Always rusty76! His fingers is al-ways rusty!' muttered young Jerry. `Where does my father get all that iron rust7 from? He don't get no iron rust here!'

伦敦法学会大门旁的台尔森银行即使在一千七百八十年也已是个老式的地方。它很窄小,很阴暗,很丑陋,很不方便。而且它之所以是个老式的地方,是因为从道德属性上讲,银行的股东们都以它的窄小、阴暗、丑陋为骄傲,以它的不方便为骄傲。他们甚至夸耀它的这些突出特点,并因一种特殊的信仰而热血沸腾:它若不是那么可厌就不会那么可敬。这并非是一种消极的信仰,而是一种可以在比较方便的业务环境中挥舞的积极武器。他们说台尔森银行用不着宽敞,用不着光线,用不着花里胡哨,诺克公司可能需要,斯努克兄弟公司可能需要,可是台尔森公司,谢谢上帝!--

若是有哪位董事的孩子打算改建台尔森银行,他就会被剥夺了继承权。在这个问题上,台尔森银行倒是跟国家如出一辙。国家总是剥夺提出修改法律和习俗的儿子们的继承权,因为法律和风俗正是因为它们长期令人深恶痛绝而尤其可敬的。

其结果便是台尔森银行的不方便反倒是它一种完美的成就。它的大门白痴式地顽固,在被你硬推开时,它的喉咙会发出一声微弱的咕哝,让你一个趔趄直落两步台阶掉进银行,等到你定过神来,就已进入了一个可怜的店堂。那儿有两个小柜台,柜台边衰老不堪的办事员在最阴暗的窗户前核对签字时,会弄得你的支票簌簌发抖,仿佛有风在吹着。那窗户永远有从舰队街上飞来的泥水为它洗淋浴,又因它自己的铁栅栏和法学会的重重蔽障而更加阴暗。如果你因业务需要必须会见“银行当局”,你便会被送进后面一个像“死囚牢”的地方,让你在那儿因误入歧途而悔恨沉思,直到“当局”双手抄在口袋里踱了进来,而在那吓人的幽暗里你连惊异得眨眨眼也难于办到。你的钱是从虫蛀的木质抽屉里取出来的,也是送到那儿去的。开抽屉关抽屉时木料的粉末就飞进你的鼻子,钻进你的喉咙。你的钞票带着霉臭味,好像很快就要分解成碎纸。你的金银器具被塞进一个藏垢纳污之地,一两天之内它们的光泽就被周围的环境腐蚀掉。你的文件被塞进临时凑合使用的保险库里,那是用厨房的洗碗槽改装的。羊皮纸里的脂肪全被榨了出来,混进银行的空气里。你装有家庭文件的较轻的箱子则被送到楼上一间巴米赛德型的大厅里,那里永远有一张巨大的餐桌,却从来没摆过筵席。在那儿,即使到了一千七百八十年,你的情人给你写的初恋的情书和你的幼年的孩子给你写的最初的信件刚才免于受到一排首级窥看的恐怖不久。那一排首级挂在法学会大门口示众。这种做法之麻木、野蛮和凶狠可以跟阿比西尼亚和阿善提媲美。

可是事实上死刑在各行各业都是一种时髦的窍门。台尔森银行自然不甘落后。死亡既是大自然解决一切问题的良方,为什么不可以在立法上采用?因此伪造文件者处死;使用伪币者处死;私拆信件者处死;盗窃四先令六便士者处死;在台尔森银行门前为人管马却偷了马跑掉者处死;伪造先令者处死。“犯罪”这个乐器的全部音阶,有四分之三的音符谁若是触响了都会被处死。这样做对于预防犯罪并非全无好处一-几乎值得一提的倒是:事实恰好相反--可它却砍掉了每一桩具体案件带给这世界的麻烦,抹掉了许多拖泥带水的事情。这祥,台尔森银行便在它存在的日子里,跟它同时代的更大的企业一祥夺去了许多人的性命。若是在它前面落地的人头不是悄悄地处理掉,而是排在法学院大门口,它们便可能在相当程度上遮去了银行底层原已不多的光线。

蜷缩在台尔森银行各式各样昏暗的柜橱和半截门上认真地工作着的是些衰迈不堪的人。年轻人一进入台尔森银行便被送到某个地方秘藏起来,一直藏到变成个老头儿。他们把他像奶酪一样存放在阴暗的角落里,等它长出蓝霉,散发出地地道道的台尔森香味来,再让他被人看见。那时他已在神气十足地研读着巨大的帐本,并把他的马裤和套鞋熔铸进那个机构,以增加它的分量。

台尔森银行外面有一个干零活的,偶尔应应门,跑跑腿,除非有人叫,从不进门。这人起着银行活招牌的作用。上班时间他从不缺席,除非是跑腿去了。可他走了也还有他的儿子代理:那是个十二岁的丑陋的顽童,长得跟那人一模一样。大家知道台尔森银行颇有气派地容忍了这个干零活的。银行一向需要容忍一个人来干这种活,而时势和潮流送到这个岗位上的就是他。这人姓克朗彻,早年在东部的杭兹迪奇教区经教父母代为宣布唾弃魔鬼的行为时接受了杰瑞这个名字。

地点:克朗彻先生在白袍僧区悬剑胡同的私人寓所。时间:安诺多米尼一干七百八十年三月一个刮风的早晨七点(克朗彻先生总把“安诺多米尼”说成“安娜.多米诺”,显然以为基督教纪元是从一个叫安娜的女士发明了多米诺骨牌,而且用自己的名字为它命名而开始的)。

克朗彻先生寓所的环境并不温馨,一共只有两个编号,另外一号还是一个小屋,只有一块玻璃作窗户。但这两间屋却都收拾得清清爽爽的。那个多风的三月清晨虽然时间还早,他睡觉的屋子却已擦洗得干干净净。一张非常清洁的白台布已经铺在一张粗糙的松木餐桌上,上面摆好了早餐的杯盘。

克朗彻先生盖了一床白衲衣图案的花哨被子,像是呆在家里的丑角。开头他睡得很沉,渐渐便开始翻来翻去,最后他翻到被面上,露出了他那一头麦穗样揸开的头发,仿佛会把被子划成破布条似的。此时他非常恼怒地叫了一声:

“他妈的,她又干起来了!”

一个干净整齐,后来很勤快的妇女从一个角落里站了起来(她刚才跪在那里),动作很快,却带着惶恐,表明挨骂的正是她。

“怎么,”克朗彻先生在床上找着靴子,“你又在干了,是么?”

他用这种致敬的方式问了早安之后,便把靴子向那女人掷去作为第三次问候。那靴上满是泥,可以说明克朗彻先生家庭经济的奇特情况:他每天从银行下班回来靴子总是干干净净的,可第二天早上起床时那靴子就已涂满了泥。

“你又在玩什么花样,”克朗彻先生没打中目标,便改变了问候方式。“又找麻烦是不是?”

“我只不过在做祈祷。”

“做祈祷!多么可爱的女人!咚一声跪下地来咒我,你这是什么意思”

“我没有咒你,我是为你祈祷。”

“没有。你要是为我祈祷,我会那么凶么?过来!你的妈妈是个好女人,小杰瑞,她祈祷你的爸爸失败,不让他发迹。你那妈很尽职,儿子。你那妈很信上帝,孩子。咚地一声跪下地来就祈祷她唯一的儿子嘴里的奶油面包叫人抢走。”

克朗彻少爷(他此时穿着衬衫)一听这话难免生气,转身便向妈妈表示强烈抗议,不愿别人抢走他的食物。

“你以为你那祈祷值几个钱?”克朗彻先生说,没有意识到自己态度已前后不一。“你这个自以为得意的女人,你说你那祈祷能值几个钱?”

“我是从内心里祈祷,杰瑞。只值这一点,再也没有多的了。”

“再也没有多的,”克朗彻先生重复道。“那么,它就不值几个钱。总而言之,我不准许谁祈祷我倒霉,我告诉你。我受不了。我不能让你叽叽咕咕祈祷得我倒了霉。你想跪可以跪,你得为你的男人和娃娃祈祷点好的,可别祈祷他们倒霉。要是我老婆不那么不近人情,这可怜的孩子他娘不那么不近人情,我上周就可以赚到钱了,就不至于挨人咒骂,受人破坏,得不到上帝保佑,倒下大霉了。他妈的!”克朗彻先生一面穿衣服一面说。“我上个礼拜不走运,遇到了一件又一件的倒霉事,一个规规矩矩的可怜生意人所遇到的最倒霉的事!小杰瑞,穿衣服,孩子,我擦靴子的时候,你拿眼睛盯着点你娘,她只要想跪下来你就叫我。因为,我告诉你,”他掉头又对他妻子说,“我像现在这样是不会出门的。我已经是像一部快要散架的出租马车,困得像鸦片瘾发了。我的腰眼累坏了,若不是因为它疼,我简直连哪里是我,哪里是别人都分不清楚了。可是兜里还是没有增加几文。所以我怀疑你从早到晚都在祈祷不让我的腰包鼓起来,我是不会饶你的,他奶奶的,你现在还有什么可说的!”

克朗彻先生嘟嘟哝哝说着话:“啊,不错,你也信上帝,你不会干出对你男人和孩子不利的事,你不会的!”说时从他那飞速旋转的憎恶的磨盘上飞溅出尖刻讥讽的火花,同时擦着靴子做上班的准备。这时他的儿子则按照要求监视着他的母亲。这孩子头上也长着尖刺一样的头发,只是软一些,一对年轻的眼睛靠得很近,像他爸爸。他不时窜出他睡觉的小屋(他在那儿梳洗),压低了嗓子叫道:“你又要跪下了,妈妈-一爸爸,你看!”一番瞎紧张之后他又带着忤逆不孝的傻笑窜进屋里去了。他就这样不断严重地干扰着他的母亲。

克朗彻先生到吃早饭时脾气仍然毫无好转,他对克朗彻太太做祈祷怀着一种特别的厌恶。

“好了,他奶奶的!你又玩什么花样了?又在干什么?”

他的妻子回答说,她只不过在“乞求保佑”。

“可别求!”克朗彻先生四面望望说,仿佛希望面包因为他妻子的请求而消失。“我可不愿给保佑得没了房子没了家,饭桌上没了吃的。闭嘴!”

他双眼通红,脾气很大,仿佛彻夜不眠参加了晚会回来,而那晚会又无丝毫乐趣。他不是在吃早饭,而是在拿早饭发脾气,像动物园里的居民一样对它嗥叫。快到九点他才放下他耸起的鬣毛,在他那本色的自我外面摆出一副受人尊敬的公事公办的样子,出去开始他一天的工作。

他虽然喜欢把自己叫作“诚实的生意人”,其实他的工作几乎难以叫作“生意”。他的全部资本就是一张木头凳子。那还是用一张破椅子砍掉椅背做成的。小杰瑞每天早晨便带着这凳子跟他爸爸去到银行大楼,在最靠近法学会大门一边的窗户下放下,再从路过的车辆上扯下一把干草,让他打零工的爸爸的脚不受寒气和潮湿侵袭。这就完成了全天的“安营扎寨”任务。克朗彻先生干这个活儿在舰队街和法学院一带的名气很大,也跟这一带的建筑一样十分丑陋。

他在八点三刻“安营扎寨”完毕,正好来得及向走进台尔森银行的年纪最大的老头子们碰碰他的三角帽。在这个刮风的三月清晨杰瑞上了岗位。小杰瑞若是没有进入法学院大门去骚扰,去向路过的孩子们进行尖锐的身体或心理伤害(若是那孩子个子不大,正好适于他这类友好活动的话),他就站在父亲旁边。父子二人极为相像,都一言不发看着清晨的车辆在舰队街上来往。两个脑袋就像他们那两对眼睛一样紧靠在一起,很像是一对猴子。有时那成年的杰瑞还咬咬干草,再吐出来,小杰瑞那双亮晶晶的眼睛跟注视舰队街上别的东西一样骨碌碌地转着、望着他。这时,两人就更相像了。

台尔森银行内部一个正式信使把脑袋从门里伸出来,说:

“要送信!”

“呜啦,爸爸!一大早就有生意了!”

小杰瑞像这样祝贺了爸爸,便在凳子上坐了下来,对他爸爸刚才嚼过的干草产生了研究兴趣,并沉思起来。

“永远有锈!他的指头永远有锈!”小杰瑞喃喃地说。“我爸爸那铁锈是从什么地方来的呢?这儿并没有铁锈呀!”



点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 par OK0xR     
n.标准,票面价值,平均数量;adj.票面的,平常的,标准的
参考例句:
  • Sales of nylon have been below par in recent years.近年来尼龙织品的销售额一直不及以往。
  • I don't think his ability is on a par with yours.我认为他的能力不能与你的能力相媲美。
2 eminence VpLxo     
n.卓越,显赫;高地,高处;名家
参考例句:
  • He is a statesman of great eminence.他是个声名显赫的政治家。
  • Many of the pilots were to achieve eminence in the aeronautical world.这些飞行员中很多人将会在航空界声名显赫。
3 triumphant JpQys     
adj.胜利的,成功的;狂欢的,喜悦的
参考例句:
  • The army made a triumphant entry into the enemy's capital.部队胜利地进入了敌方首都。
  • There was a positively triumphant note in her voice.她的声音里带有一种极为得意的语气。
4 idiotic wcFzd     
adj.白痴的
参考例句:
  • It is idiotic to go shopping with no money.去买东西而不带钱是很蠢的。
  • The child's idiotic deeds caused his family much trouble.那小孩愚蠢的行为给家庭带来许多麻烦。
5 obstinacy C0qy7     
n.顽固;(病痛等)难治
参考例句:
  • It is a very accountable obstinacy.这是一种完全可以理解的固执态度。
  • Cindy's anger usually made him stand firm to the point of obstinacy.辛迪一发怒,常常使他坚持自见,并达到执拗的地步。
6 rattle 5Alzb     
v.飞奔,碰响;激怒;n.碰撞声;拨浪鼓
参考例句:
  • The baby only shook the rattle and laughed and crowed.孩子只是摇着拨浪鼓,笑着叫着。
  • She could hear the rattle of the teacups.她听见茶具叮当响。
7 rust XYIxu     
n.锈;v.生锈;(脑子)衰退
参考例句:
  • She scraped the rust off the kitchen knife.她擦掉了菜刀上的锈。
  • The rain will rust the iron roof.雨水会使铁皮屋顶生锈。
8 rustled f68661cf4ba60e94dc1960741a892551     
v.发出沙沙的声音( rustle的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He rustled his papers. 他把试卷弄得沙沙地响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Leaves rustled gently in the breeze. 树叶迎着微风沙沙作响。 来自《简明英汉词典》
9 dingiest 2c6b0531387d4d87ff2e4056ac4802ad     
adj.暗淡的,乏味的( dingy的最高级 );肮脏的
参考例句:
10 dingier 945af02b7f71f3c9ecd397c1316f0533     
adj.暗淡的,乏味的( dingy的比较级 );肮脏的
参考例句:
11 necessitated 584daebbe9eef7edd8f9bba973dc3386     
使…成为必要,需要( necessitate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Recent financial scandals have necessitated changes in parliamentary procedures. 最近的金融丑闻使得议会程序必须改革。
  • No man is necessitated to do wrong. 没有人是被迫去作错事的。
12 condemned condemned     
adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
  • The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。
13 meditated b9ec4fbda181d662ff4d16ad25198422     
深思,沉思,冥想( meditate的过去式和过去分词 ); 内心策划,考虑
参考例句:
  • He meditated for two days before giving his answer. 他在作出答复之前考虑了两天。
  • She meditated for 2 days before giving her answer. 她考虑了两天才答复。
14 dismal wtwxa     
adj.阴沉的,凄凉的,令人忧郁的,差劲的
参考例句:
  • That is a rather dismal melody.那是一支相当忧郁的歌曲。
  • My prospects of returning to a suitable job are dismal.我重新找到一个合适的工作岗位的希望很渺茫。
15 twilight gKizf     
n.暮光,黄昏;暮年,晚期,衰落时期
参考例句:
  • Twilight merged into darkness.夕阳的光辉融于黑暗中。
  • Twilight was sweet with the smell of lilac and freshly turned earth.薄暮充满紫丁香和新翻耕的泥土的香味。
16 decomposing f5b8fd5c51324ed24e58a14c223dc3da     
腐烂( decompose的现在分词 ); (使)分解; 分解(某物质、光线等)
参考例句:
  • The air was filled with the overpowering stench of decomposing vegetation. 空气中充满了令人难以忍受的腐烂植物的恶臭。
  • Heat was obtained from decomposing manures and hot air flues. 靠肥料分解和烟道为植物提供热量。
17 corrupted 88ed91fad91b8b69b62ce17ae542ff45     
(使)败坏( corrupt的过去式和过去分词 ); (使)腐化; 引起(计算机文件等的)错误; 破坏
参考例句:
  • The body corrupted quite quickly. 尸体很快腐烂了。
  • The text was corrupted by careless copyists. 原文因抄写员粗心而有讹误。
18 fretted 82ebd7663e04782d30d15d67e7c45965     
焦躁的,附有弦马的,腐蚀的
参考例句:
  • The wind whistled through the twigs and fretted the occasional, dirty-looking crocuses. 寒风穿过枯枝,有时把发脏的藏红花吹刮跑了。 来自英汉文学
  • The lady's fame for hitting the mark fretted him. 这位太太看问题深刻的名声在折磨着他。
19 banking aySz20     
n.银行业,银行学,金融业
参考例句:
  • John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
  • He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。
20 lighter 5pPzPR     
n.打火机,点火器;驳船;v.用驳船运送;light的比较级
参考例句:
  • The portrait was touched up so as to make it lighter.这张画经过润色,色调明朗了一些。
  • The lighter works off the car battery.引燃器利用汽车蓄电池打火。
21 ogled 4caba7933f40c65bbd9340883470b64a     
v.(向…)抛媚眼,送秋波( ogle的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • He ogled at all the attractive girls in the office. 他向办公室里所有有魅力的女孩暗送秋波。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Carrie found herself stared at and ogled. 嘉莉发现也有人在盯着她看,向她送秋波。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹
22 brutality MSbyb     
n.野蛮的行为,残忍,野蛮
参考例句:
  • The brutality of the crime has appalled the public. 罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。
  • a general who was infamous for his brutality 因残忍而恶名昭彰的将军
23 worthy vftwB     
adj.(of)值得的,配得上的;有价值的
参考例句:
  • I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
  • There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。
24 Vogue 6hMwC     
n.时髦,时尚;adj.流行的
参考例句:
  • Flowery carpets became the vogue.花卉地毯变成了时髦货。
  • Short hair came back into vogue about ten years ago.大约十年前短发又开始流行起来了。
25 forger ji1xg     
v.伪造;n.(钱、文件等的)伪造者
参考例句:
  • He admitted seven charges including forging passports.他承认了7项罪名,其中包括伪造护照。
  • She alleged that Taylor had forged her signature on the form.她声称泰勒在表格上伪造了她的签名。
26 purloiner f4ddf60b99e414f8373f086d7be62748     
[法] 小偷,窃盗者
参考例句:
27 holder wc4xq     
n.持有者,占有者;(台,架等)支持物
参考例句:
  • The holder of the office of chairman is reponsible for arranging meetings.担任主席职位的人负责安排会议。
  • That runner is the holder of the world record for the hundred-yard dash.那位运动员是一百码赛跑世界纪录的保持者。
28 gamut HzJyL     
n.全音阶,(一领域的)全部知识
参考例句:
  • The exhibition runs the whole gamut of artistic styles.这次展览包括了所有艺术风格的作品。
  • This poem runs the gamut of emotions from despair to joy.这首诗展现了从绝望到喜悦的感情历程。
29 privately IkpzwT     
adv.以私人的身份,悄悄地,私下地
参考例句:
  • Some ministers admit privately that unemployment could continue to rise.一些部长私下承认失业率可能继续升高。
  • The man privately admits that his motive is profits.那人私下承认他的动机是为了牟利。
30 cramped 287c2bb79385d19c466ec2df5b5ce970     
a.狭窄的
参考例句:
  • The house was terribly small and cramped, but the agent described it as a bijou residence. 房子十分狭小拥挤,但经纪人却把它说成是小巧别致的住宅。
  • working in cramped conditions 在拥挤的环境里工作
31 urchin 0j8wS     
n.顽童;海胆
参考例句:
  • You should sheer off the urchin.你应该躲避这顽童。
  • He is a most wicked urchin.他是个非常调皮的顽童。
32 renouncing 377770b8c6f521d1e519852f601d42f7     
v.声明放弃( renounce的现在分词 );宣布放弃;宣布与…决裂;宣布摒弃
参考例句:
  • He enraged the government by renouncing the agreement. 他否认那项协议,从而激怒了政府。 来自辞典例句
  • What do you get for renouncing Taiwan and embracing Beijing instead? 抛弃台湾,并转而拥抱北京之后,你会得到什么? 来自互联网
33 proxy yRXxN     
n.代理权,代表权;(对代理人的)委托书;代理人
参考例句:
  • You may appoint a proxy to vote for you.你可以委托他人代你投票。
  • We enclose a form of proxy for use at the Annual General Meeting.我们附上委任年度大会代表的表格。
34 appellation lvvzv     
n.名称,称呼
参考例句:
  • The emperor of Russia Peter I was given the appellation " the Great ".俄皇彼得一世被加上了“大帝”的称号。
  • Kinsfolk appellation is the kinfolks system reflection in language.亲属称谓是亲属制度在语言中的反应。
35 lodging wRgz9     
n.寄宿,住所;(大学生的)校外宿舍
参考例句:
  • The bill is inclusive of the food and lodging. 账单包括吃、住费用。
  • Where can you find lodging for the night? 你今晚在哪里借宿?
36 spoke XryyC     
n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲,谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说
参考例句:
  • They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
  • The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。
37 apparently tMmyQ     
adv.显然地;表面上,似乎
参考例句:
  • An apparently blind alley leads suddenly into an open space.山穷水尽,豁然开朗。
  • He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对那个消息显然感到十分惊异。
38 Christian KVByl     
adj.基督教徒的;n.基督教徒
参考例句:
  • They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。
  • His mother is a sincere Christian.他母亲是个虔诚的基督教徒。
39 bestowed 12e1d67c73811aa19bdfe3ae4a8c2c28     
赠给,授予( bestow的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • It was a title bestowed upon him by the king. 那是国王赐给他的头衔。
  • He considered himself unworthy of the honour they had bestowed on him. 他认为自己不配得到大家赋予他的荣誉。
40 pane OKKxJ     
n.窗格玻璃,长方块
参考例句:
  • He broke this pane of glass.他打破了这块窗玻璃。
  • Their breath bloomed the frosty pane.他们呼出的水气,在冰冷的窗玻璃上形成一层雾。
41 lumbering FA7xm     
n.采伐林木
参考例句:
  • Lumbering and, later, paper-making were carried out in smaller cities. 木材业和后来的造纸都由较小的城市经营。
  • Lumbering is very important in some underdeveloped countries. 在一些不发达的国家,伐木业十分重要。
42 reposed ba178145bbf66ddeebaf9daf618f04cb     
v.将(手臂等)靠在某人(某物)上( repose的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Mr. Cruncher reposed under a patchwork counterpane, like a Harlequin at home. 克朗彻先生盖了一床白衲衣图案的花哨被子,像是呆在家里的丑角。 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
  • An old man reposed on a bench in the park. 一位老人躺在公园的长凳上。 来自辞典例句
43 patchwork yLsx6     
n.混杂物;拼缝物
参考例句:
  • That proposal is nothing else other than a patchwork.那个建议只是一个大杂烩而已。
  • She patched new cloth to the old coat,so It'seemed mere patchwork. 她把新布初到那件旧上衣上,所以那件衣服看上去就象拼凑起来的东西。
44 spiky hhczrZ     
adj.长而尖的,大钉似的
参考例句:
  • Your hairbrush is too spiky for me.你的发刷,我觉得太尖了。
  • The spiky handwriting on the airmail envelope from London was obviously hers.发自伦敦的航空信封上的尖长字迹分明是她的。
45 juncture e3exI     
n.时刻,关键时刻,紧要关头
参考例句:
  • The project is situated at the juncture of the new and old urban districts.该项目位于新老城区交界处。
  • It is very difficult at this juncture to predict the company's future.此时很难预料公司的前景。
46 dire llUz9     
adj.可怕的,悲惨的,阴惨的,极端的
参考例句:
  • There were dire warnings about the dangers of watching too much TV.曾经有人就看电视太多的危害性提出严重警告。
  • We were indeed in dire straits.But we pulled through.那时我们的困难真是大极了,但是我们渡过了困难。
47 industrious a7Axr     
adj.勤劳的,刻苦的,奋发的
参考例句:
  • If the tiller is industrious,the farmland is productive.人勤地不懒。
  • She was an industrious and willing worker.她是个勤劳肯干的员工。
48 trepidation igDy3     
n.惊恐,惶恐
参考例句:
  • The men set off in fear and trepidation.这群人惊慌失措地出发了。
  • The threat of an epidemic caused great alarm and trepidation.流行病猖獗因而人心惶惶。
49 flop sjsx2     
n.失败(者),扑通一声;vi.笨重地行动,沉重地落下
参考例句:
  • The fish gave a flop and landed back in the water.鱼扑通一声又跳回水里。
  • The marketing campaign was a flop.The product didn't sell.市场宣传彻底失败,产品卖不出去。
50 flopping e9766012a63715ac6e9a2d88cb1234b1     
n.贬调v.(指书、戏剧等)彻底失败( flop的现在分词 );(因疲惫而)猛然坐下;(笨拙地、不由自主地或松弛地)移动或落下;砸锅
参考例句:
  • The fish are still flopping about. 鱼还在扑腾。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
  • What do you mean by flopping yourself down and praying agin me?' 咚一声跪下地来咒我,你这是什么意思” 来自英汉文学 - 双城记
51 conceited Cv0zxi     
adj.自负的,骄傲自满的
参考例句:
  • He could not bear that they should be so conceited.他们这样自高自大他受不了。
  • I'm not as conceited as so many people seem to think.我不像很多人认为的那么自负。
52 sneaking iibzMu     
a.秘密的,不公开的
参考例句:
  • She had always had a sneaking affection for him. 以前她一直暗暗倾心于他。
  • She ducked the interviewers by sneaking out the back door. 她从后门偷偷溜走,躲开采访者。
53 opposition eIUxU     
n.反对,敌对
参考例句:
  • The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
  • The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。
54 piety muuy3     
n.虔诚,虔敬
参考例句:
  • They were drawn to the church not by piety but by curiosity.他们去教堂不是出于虔诚而是出于好奇。
  • Experience makes us see an enormous difference between piety and goodness.经验使我们看到虔诚与善意之间有着巨大的区别。
55 growling growling     
n.吠声, 咆哮声 v.怒吠, 咆哮, 吼
参考例句:
  • We heard thunder growling in the distance. 我们听见远处有隆隆雷声。
  • The lay about the deck growling together in talk. 他们在甲板上到处游荡,聚集在一起发牢骚。
56 sarcastic jCIzJ     
adj.讥讽的,讽刺的,嘲弄的
参考例句:
  • I squashed him with a sarcastic remark.我说了一句讽刺的话把他给镇住了。
  • She poked fun at people's shortcomings with sarcastic remarks.她冷嘲热讽地拿别人的缺点开玩笑。
57 garnished 978c1af39d17f6c3c31319295529b2c3     
v.给(上餐桌的食物)加装饰( garnish的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
  • Her robes were garnished with gems. 她的礼服上装饰着宝石。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Serve the dish garnished with wedges of lime. 给这道菜配上几角酸橙。 来自《简明英汉词典》
58 spikes jhXzrc     
n.穗( spike的名词复数 );跑鞋;(防滑)鞋钉;尖状物v.加烈酒于( spike的第三人称单数 );偷偷地给某人的饮料加入(更多)酒精( 或药物);把尖状物钉入;打乱某人的计划
参考例句:
  • a row of iron spikes on a wall 墙头的一排尖铁
  • There is a row of spikes on top of the prison wall to prevent the prisoners escaping. 监狱墙头装有一排尖钉,以防犯人逃跑。 来自《简明英汉词典》
59 intervals f46c9d8b430e8c86dea610ec56b7cbef     
n.[军事]间隔( interval的名词复数 );间隔时间;[数学]区间;(戏剧、电影或音乐会的)幕间休息
参考例句:
  • The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴,有阵雨。
  • Meetings take place at fortnightly intervals. 每两周开一次会。
60 darting darting     
v.投掷,投射( dart的现在分词 );向前冲,飞奔
参考例句:
  • Swallows were darting through the clouds. 燕子穿云急飞。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
  • Swallows were darting through the air. 燕子在空中掠过。 来自辞典例句
61 fictitious 4kzxA     
adj.虚构的,假设的;空头的
参考例句:
  • She invented a fictitious boyfriend to put him off.她虚构出一个男朋友来拒绝他。
  • The story my mother told me when I was young is fictitious.小时候妈妈对我讲的那个故事是虚构的。
62 blessing UxDztJ     
n.祈神赐福;祷告;祝福,祝愿
参考例句:
  • The blessing was said in Hebrew.祷告用了希伯来语。
  • A double blessing has descended upon the house.双喜临门。
63 convivial OYEz9     
adj.狂欢的,欢乐的
参考例句:
  • The atmosphere was quite convivial.气氛非常轻松愉快。
  • I found it odd to imagine a nation of convivial diners surrendering their birthright.我发现很难想象让这样一个喜欢热热闹闹吃饭的民族放弃他们的习惯。
64 inmate l4cyN     
n.被收容者;(房屋等的)居住人;住院人
参考例句:
  • I am an inmate of that hospital.我住在那家医院。
  • The prisoner is his inmate.那个囚犯和他同住一起。
65 ruffled e4a3deb720feef0786be7d86b0004e86     
adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词
参考例句:
  • She ruffled his hair affectionately. 她情意绵绵地拨弄着他的头发。
  • All this talk of a strike has clearly ruffled the management's feathers. 所有这些关于罢工的闲言碎语显然让管理层很不高兴。
66 exterior LlYyr     
adj.外部的,外在的;表面的
参考例句:
  • The seed has a hard exterior covering.这种子外壳很硬。
  • We are painting the exterior wall of the house.我们正在给房子的外墙涂漆。
67 forth Hzdz2     
adv.向前;向外,往外
参考例句:
  • The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。
  • He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。
68 gleaned 83f6cdf195a7d487666a71e02179d977     
v.一点点地收集(资料、事实)( glean的过去式和过去分词 );(收割后)拾穗
参考例句:
  • These figures have been gleaned from a number of studies. 这些数据是通过多次研究收集得来的。
  • A valuable lesson may be gleaned from it by those who have eyes to see. 明眼人可从中记取宝贵的教训。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
69 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续,地位;adj.永久的,不动的,直立的,不流动的
参考例句:
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
70 inflict Ebnz7     
vt.(on)把…强加给,使遭受,使承担
参考例句:
  • Don't inflict your ideas on me.不要把你的想法强加于我。
  • Don't inflict damage on any person.不要伤害任何人。
71 amiable hxAzZ     
adj.和蔼可亲的,友善的,亲切的
参考例句:
  • She was a very kind and amiable old woman.她是个善良和气的老太太。
  • We have a very amiable companionship.我们之间存在一种友好的关系。
72 lessened 6351a909991322c8a53dc9baa69dda6f     
减少的,减弱的
参考例句:
  • Listening to the speech through an interpreter lessened its impact somewhat. 演讲辞通过翻译的嘴说出来,多少削弱了演讲的力量。
  • The flight to suburbia lessened the number of middle-class families living within the city. 随着迁往郊外的风行,住在城内的中产家庭减少了。
73 spat pFdzJ     
n.口角,掌击;v.发出呼噜呼噜声
参考例句:
  • Her parents always have spats.她的父母经常有些小的口角。
  • There is only a spat between the brother and sister.那只是兄妹间的小吵小闹。
74 watchful tH9yX     
adj.注意的,警惕的
参考例句:
  • The children played under the watchful eye of their father.孩子们在父亲的小心照看下玩耍。
  • It is important that health organizations remain watchful.卫生组织保持警惕是极为重要的。
75 cogitated 9881a661a3162008e3716363a3a9bba1     
v.认真思考,深思熟虑( cogitate的过去式和过去分词 )
参考例句:
76 rusty hYlxq     
adj.生锈的;锈色的;荒废了的
参考例句:
  • The lock on the door is rusty and won't open.门上的锁锈住了。
  • I haven't practiced my French for months and it's getting rusty.几个月不用,我的法语又荒疏了。
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