糖类对幼鼠的记忆力有不良影响

时间：2014-10-09 06:28:32

（单词翻译:单击）

Studying rats as model subjects, scientists found that adolescents were at an increased risk of suffering negative health effects from sugar-sweetened beverage1 consumption. Adolescent rats that freely consumed large quantities of liquid solutions containing sugar or high-fructose corn syrup2 (HFCS) in concentrations comparable to popular sugar-sweetened beverages3 experienced memory problems and brain inflammation, and became pre-diabetic, according to a new study from USC. Neither adult rats fed the sugary drinks nor adolescent rats who did not consume sugar had the same issues.
 
"The brain is especially vulnerable to dietary influences during critical periods of development, like adolescence," said Scott Kanoski, corresponding author of the study and an assistant professor at the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences.
 
Kanoski collaborated4 with USC's Ted5 Hsu, Vaibhav Konanur, Lilly Taing, Ryan Usui, Brandon Kayser, and Michael Goran. Their study, which tested a total of 76 rats, was published online by the journal Hippocampus on Sept. 23.
 
About 35 to 40 percent of the rats' caloric intake6 was from sugar or HFCS. For comparason, added sugars make up about 17 percent of the total caloric intake of teens in the U.S. on average, according to the CDC.
 
The rats were then tested in mazes7 that probe their spatial8 memory ability. Adolescent rats that had consumed the sugary beverages, particularly HFCS, performed worse on the test than any other group -- which may be the result of the neuroinflammation detected in the hippocampus, Kanoski said.
 
The hippocampus is a part of the temporal lobe9 located deep within the brain that controls memory formation. People with Alzheimer's Disease and other dementias often suffer damage to the hippocampus.
 
"Consuming a diet high in added sugars not only can lead to weight gain and metabolic10 disturbances11, but can also negatively impact our neural12 functioning and cognitive13 ability." Kanoski said. Next, Kanoski and his team plant to see how different monosaccharides (simple sugars) and HFCS affect the brain.

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1 beverage 0QgyN     
n.(水，酒等之外的)饮料
参考例句：
  • The beverage is often colored with caramel.这种饮料常用焦糖染色。
  • Beer is a beverage of the remotest time.啤酒是一种最古老的饮料。
2 syrup hguzup     
n.糖浆，糖水
参考例句：
  • I skimmed the foam from the boiling syrup.我撇去了煮沸糖浆上的泡沫。
  • Tinned fruit usually has a lot of syrup with it.罐头水果通常都有许多糖浆。
3 beverages eb693dc3e09666bb339be2c419d0478e     
n.饮料( beverage的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • laws governing the sale of alcoholic beverages 控制酒类销售的法规
  • regulations governing the sale of alcoholic beverages 含酒精饮料的销售管理条例
4 collaborated c49a4f9c170cb7c268fccb474f5f0d4f     
合作( collaborate的过去式和过去分词 )； 勾结叛国
参考例句：
  • We have collaborated on many projects over the years. 这些年来我们合作搞了许多项目。
  • We have collaborated closely with the university on this project. 我们与大学在这个专案上紧密合作。
5 ted 9gazhs     
vt.翻晒，撒，撒开
参考例句：
  • The invaders gut ted the village.侵略者把村中财物洗劫一空。
  • She often teds the corn when it's sunny.天好的时候她就翻晒玉米。
6 intake 44cyQ     
n.吸入，纳入；进气口，入口
参考例句：
  • Reduce your salt intake.减少盐的摄入量。
  • There was a horrified intake of breath from every child.所有的孩子都害怕地倒抽了一口凉气。
7 mazes 01f00574323c5f5c055dbab44afc33b9     
迷宫( maze的名词复数 )； 纷繁复杂的规则； 复杂难懂的细节； 迷宫图
参考例句：
  • The mazes of the dance were ecstatic. 跳舞那种错综曲折，叫人快乐得如登九天。
  • For two hours did this singlehearted and simpleminded girl toil through the mazes of the forest. 这位心地单纯的傻姑娘在林间曲径中艰难地走了两个来小时。
8 spatial gvcww     
adj.空间的，占据空间的
参考例句：
  • This part of brain judges the spatial relationship between objects.大脑的这部分判断物体间的空间关系。
  • They said that time is the feeling of spatial displacement.他们说时间是空间位移的感觉。
9 lobe r8azn     
n.耳垂，（肺，肝等的）叶
参考例句：
  • Tiny electrical sensors are placed on your scalp and on each ear lobe.小电器传感器放置在您的头皮和对每个耳垂。
  • The frontal lobe of the brain is responsible for controlling movement.大脑前叶的功能是控制行动。
10 metabolic 2R4z1     
adj.新陈代谢的
参考例句：
  • Impressive metabolic alternations have been undergone during embryogenesis.在胚胎发生期间经历了深刻的代谢变化。
  • A number of intoxicants are associated with metabolic acidosis.许多毒性物质可引起代谢性酸中毒。
11 disturbances a0726bd74d4516cd6fbe05e362bc74af     
n.骚乱( disturbance的名词复数 )；打扰；困扰；障碍
参考例句：
  • The government has set up a commission of inquiry into the disturbances at the prison. 政府成立了一个委员会来调查监狱骚乱事件。
  • Extra police were called in to quell the disturbances. 已调集了增援警力来平定骚乱。
12 neural DnXzFt     
adj.神经的，神经系统的
参考例句：
  • The neural network can preferably solve the non- linear problem.利用神经网络建模可以较好地解决非线性问题。
  • The information transmission in neural system depends on neurotransmitters.信息传递的神经途径有赖于神经递质。
13 cognitive Uqwz0     
adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的
参考例句：
  • As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
  • The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

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