气候变化、火灾与森林间的相互作用

A special section of the September issue of Forest Ecology and Management, available online now, assesses the interactions among fire, climate change, and forests for five major regions of the United States. The editors of the section -- Drs. Chelcy Miniat from the U.S. Forest Service, Monique Rocca from Colorado State University, and Robert Mitchell (now deceased) from the Joseph W. Jones Ecological¹ Research Center -- started the project by organizing teams of scientists from the Forest Service and universities to provide scientific input² into the third National Climate Assessment³ (NCA), which is prepared at least every four years to assess the effects of climate change on sectors⁴, resources, and regions of the United States.

 

"The idea for the section came from conversations I had with Bob Mitchell when I was working with the U.S. Global Change Research Program a few years ago," said Miniat, project leader with the Forest Service Southern Research Station. "We quickly realized that the ability to manage wildfires and to use fire as a tool would be affected⁵ by climate change and that this interaction needed more attention in the next round of assessments⁶. We wanted to tailor this information for forest managers."

 

Articles in the special section review the interactions between climate and fire in five different regions of the U.S -- the Pacific Northwest, Southwest, Rocky Mountains, mid-Atlantic, and Southeast. Each article follows the same general structure, providing a description of the region and its forest types; discussion of projected changes in climate and how they will likely impact fire and forests; and a synthesis of what is known about the effects of fire on forest ecosystem⁷ services such as water quantity and quality, air quality, and biodiversity.

 

"The growing interest in fire and climate has been fueled by numerous predictions that wildfires -- especially in the West -- will get larger, more intense, and increasingly hard to contain with climate change," said Rocca. "Understanding the complex relationships among climate, fire, and vegetation（植被） is critical to the ability of policymakers and resource managers to respond to climate change. Our goal in these articles is not only to provide the best available science, but also to inform the conversation on how forest management choices can impact the valuable services we derive⁸ from（来自） our forests."

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