破坏性的风暴日趋发生于两极

Powerful, destructive tropical cyclones¹ are now reaching their peak intensity² farther from the equator and closer to the poles, according to a new study co-authored by an MIT scientist. The results of the study, published today in the journal Nature, show that over the last 30 years, tropical cyclones -- also known as hurricanes or typhoons -- are moving poleward at a rate of about 33 miles per decade in the Northern Hemisphere and 38 miles per decade in the Southern Hemisphere.

 

"The absolute value of the latitudes³ at which these storms reach their maximum intensity seems to be increasing over time, in most places," says Kerry Emanuel, an MIT professor and co-author of the new paper. "The trend is statistically⁴ significant at a pretty high level."

 

And while the scientists who conducted the study are still investigating the atmospheric⁵ mechanisms⁶ behind this change, the trend seems consistent with a warming climate.

 

"It may mean the thermodynamically favorable conditions for these storms are migrating poleward," adds Emanuel, the Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at MIT.

 

The implications are serious, since the movement of peak intensity means regions further north and south of the equator, which have not previously⁷ had to face many landfalls by violent cyclones, may now have greater exposure to these extreme weather events. That, in turn, could lead to "potentially profound consequences to life and property," the paper states. "Any related changes to positions where storms make landfall will have obvious effects on coastal⁸ residents and infrastructure⁹."

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