习近平在海牙核安全峰会上的讲话

 

Prime Minister Mark Rutte,

 

Dear Colleagues,

 

Today, we are meeting here at The Hague for an important discussion on the ways for enhancing nuclear security. First of all, I wish to express heartfelt thanks（由衷的感谢） to Prime Minister Rutte and the Dutch government for the active efforts and thoughtful arrangements they have made for this summit.

 

During the 20th century, the discovery of the atom and the subsequent development and utilization¹ of nuclear energy gave new impetus² to the progress of humanity and greatly enhanced our ability to understand and shape the world. Yet the development of nuclear energy has its associated risks and challenges. To make better use of nuclear energy and achieve greater progress, mankind must be able to respond to various nuclear security challenges and ensure the safety of nuclear materials and facilities.

 

Dear Colleagues,

 

Enhancing nuclear security is a never-ending process. As long as we continue to tap nuclear energy, we shall not stop our efforts to enhance nuclear security. From Washington D.C. in 2010 to Seoul in 2012 and to The Hague today, the Nuclear Security Summit (NSS) has the great responsibility of building international consensus³ and deepening nuclear security efforts. We must follow a sensible, coordinated⁴ and balanced approach to nuclear security and put it on the track of sound and sustainable development.

 

First, we should place equal emphasis on development and security, and develop nuclear energy on the premise⁵ of（在……前提下） security. The peaceful use of nuclear energy is important to ensuring energy security and tackling climate change. Like Prometheus who gave fire to humanity, the peaceful use of nuclear energy has sparked a flame of hope and opened up a bright future for mankind. On the other hand, without effective safeguards for nuclear safety and without an adequate response to the potential security risks of nuclear materials and facilities, such a bright future will be overshadowed by dark clouds or even ruined by resulting disasters. Therefore, we must strictly⁶ abide⁷ by the principle of making safety the top priority if we are to keep the flame of hope for nuclear energy development burning forever.

 

We must follow the approach of enhancing security for the sake of development and promoting development by upholding security, and bring the goals of development and security in alignment⁸ with each other. We must convince the national governments and nuclear power companies of all countries that developing nuclear energy at the expense of security can neither be sustainable nor bring real development. Only by adopting credible⁹ steps and safeguards, can we keep the risks under effective control and develop nuclear energy in a sustainable way.

 

Second, we should place equal emphasis on rights and obligations, and push forward the international nuclear security process on the basis of respecting the rights and interests of all countries. Nothing can be accomplished¹⁰ without following norms and standards. All countries should earnestly fulfill¹¹ their obligations under international legal instruments relating to nuclear security, fully¹² implement¹³ the relevant UN Security Council resolutions, consolidate¹⁴ and strengthen the existing legal framework governing nuclear security, and provide institutional support and universally accepted guidelines for international efforts to enhance nuclear security. China hopes that more countries will consider ratifying¹⁵ the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and its amendment¹⁶ and the International Convention for the Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism.

 

Countries differ in national condition and stage of nuclear power development, and the nuclear security challenges they face also vary from one to another. As the saying goes, you need different keys to open different locks. While stressing the importance of countries honoring their international obligations, we should respect their right to adopt nuclear security policies and measures best suited to their specific conditions as well as their right to protect sensitive nuclear security information. We should adopt a fair and pragmatic（实际的） attitude and advance the international nuclear security process in an active yet prudent¹⁷ manner.

 

Third, we should place equal emphasis on independent and collaborative efforts, and seek universal nuclear security through win-win cooperation. Nuclear security is first and foremost a national goal, and the primary responsibility must be borne by national governments. They must understand and undertake their responsibilities, develop a stronger awareness¹⁸ of nuclear security, foster a nuclear security culture, strengthen institutions and enhance technological¹⁹ capacity. This is the responsible thing to do not only for their own sake but also for the good of the world.

 

Nuclear security is also a global endeavor. The amount of water a bucket can hold is determined²⁰ by its shortest plank（厚木板，支架）. The loss of nuclear material in one country can be a threat to the whole world. A concerted, global effort is therefore required to achieve universal nuclear security. We must bring more countries into the international nuclear security process and try to turn it into a global undertaking²¹, so that all will contribute to and benefit from it. We should strengthen exchanges to learn from each other and share experience, and improve coordination²² between the relevant multilateral mechanisms²³ and initiatives. Although the starting line may be different for different countries, we should make sure that no one falls behind in this common endeavor.

 

Fourth, we should place equal emphasis on treating symptoms and addressing causes, and advance the nuclear security endeavor in all respects with the goal of removing the associated risks at the root. The issue of nuclear security has many dimensions, from exercising sound and effective management to developing advanced and secure nuclear energy technologies and to dealing²⁴ with nuclear terrorism and nuclear proliferation. To eliminate the potential risks of nuclear security and nuclear proliferation in a direct and effective way, we must improve relevant policies and measures, develop modern, low-risk nuclear energy technologies, maintain balanced supply and demand of nuclear materials, strengthen non-proliferation efforts and export control, and deepen international cooperation against nuclear terrorism.

 

But more importantly, we must tackle the root causes. We need to foster a peaceful and stable international environment, encourage harmonious²⁵ and friendly relations between countries, and conduct exchanges among different civilizations in an amicable²⁶ and open-minded manner. This is the only way to tackle the root causes of nuclear terrorism and nuclear proliferation, and to achieve lasting²⁷ security and development of nuclear power.

 

Dear Colleagues,

 

China gives top priority to nuclear security in the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and manages nuclear materials and facilities according to the highest standard. China has maintained a good record of nuclear security in the past fifty years and more.

 

According to Dutch philosopher Erasmus, prevention is better than cure. The horrific nuclear accidents of the past few years have rung the alarm bell for all of us, and we must do whatever we can to prevent a recurrence²⁸ of past tragedies.

 

As a precautionary step, China has tightened²⁹ nuclear security measures across the board. We have made great efforts to improve our technology and emergency response, and conducted comprehensive security checks on nuclear facilities across the country to make sure that all nuclear materials and facilities are placed under effective safeguards. We have adopted and implemented³⁰ a medium- and long-term program on nuclear security and improved the legal framework, and we are in the process of drafting national regulations with a view to putting nuclear security endeavor on an institutional and legal footing.

 

China has made actively³¹ promoted international cooperation on nuclear security. Groundbreaking was held for the Center of Excellence³² on Nuclear Security, a joint³³ project between China and the United States, and construction of the Center is well under way. It will contribute to technical exchanges and cooperation on nuclear security in the region and beyond. China has launched a number of cooperation projects with Russia and Kazakhstan to combat illicit³⁴（违法的） trafficking of nuclear materials. China supports the efforts to reduce as much as possible the use of highly enriched uranium (HEU) when economically and technologically³⁵ feasible, and is helping³⁶ Ghana to convert an HEU-fueled research reactor³⁷ to using low enriched uranium (LEU) within the IAEA framework. China has also made contributions to the IAEA Nuclear Security Fund, and helped enhance the nuclear security capability³⁸ of Asia-Pacific countries through hosting training sessions and a variety of other ways.

 

Dear Colleagues,

 

Where light inches forward, darkness retreats. The more we do to enhance nuclear security, the less chance we will leave to terrorists. To achieve lasting nuclear security, China will continue its efforts in the following areas:

 

First, China will stay firmly committed to strengthening its own nuclear security capability. We will continue to enhance the government's regulatory capacity, increase investments in relevant technological development and human resources, and foster and develop a nuclear security culture.

 

Second, China will stay firmly committed to building the international nuclear security system. We will work with other countries to build an international nuclear security system featuring fairness and win-win cooperation, and encourage countries to share the fruits of peaceful use of nuclear energy.

 

Third, China will stay firmly committed to supporting international cooperation on nuclear security. We stand ready to share technology, experience, resources and platforms to promote regional and international nuclear security cooperation. China supports the IAEA's leading role and encourages it to help developing countries build up nuclear security capacity. China will continue to take an active part in nuclear security activities, and invite IAEA to conduct International Physical Protection Advisory³⁹ Service.

 

Fourth, China will stay firmly committed to upholding regional and global peace and stability. We will continue to pursue peaceful development and win-win cooperation, handle differences and disputes through equal-footed dialogue and friendly consultations⁴⁰, and work with all other countries to remove the root causes of nuclear terrorism and nuclear proliferation.

 

Dear Colleagues,

 

To strengthen nuclear security is our shared commitment and common responsibility. Let us work together so that people in the world will have more confidence in lasting nuclear security and the benefits nuclear power brings them.

 

Thank you.

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