触手感受微观世界

What if you could reach through a microscope to touch and feel the microscopic¹ structures under the lens? In a breakthrough that may usher² in（领进，引进） a new era in the exploration of the worlds that are a million times smaller than human beings, researchers at Université Pierre et Marie Curie in France have unveiled a new technique that allows microscope users to manipulate samples using a technology known as "haptic optical tweezers³." Featured in the journal Review of Scientific Instruments, which is produced by AIP Publishing, the new technique allows users to explore the microworld by sensing and exerting piconewton-scale forces with trapped microspheres with the haptic optical tweezers, allowing improved dexterity⁴ of micromanipulation and micro-assembly.

 

"The initial results obtained are promising⁵ and demonstrate that optical tweezers have a significant potential for haptic exploration of the microworld," said Cecile Pacoret, a co-author of the study. "Haptic（触觉的） optical tweezers will become an invaluable⁶ tool for force feedback micromanipulation of biological samples and nano- and microassembly parts."

 

One of the challenges in developing this technique was to sense and magnify piconewton-scale forces enough to enable human operators to perceive interactions that they have never experienced before, such as adhesion phenomena⁷, extremely low inertia⁸, and high frequency dynamics⁹ of extremely small objects, like the Brownian motion. The design of optical tweezers for high quality touch-based feedback is challenging, given the requirements for very high sensitivity and dynamic stability.

 

This research required a mix of different experimental techniques and theoretical knowledge. Labs at the Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique possessed¹⁰ expertise¹¹ in both microrobotics and in haptics which were needed but the research team, as the project progressed, realized that they needed additional expertise in optics and vision, which was available at the university. "This project would not have been possible without this multidisciplinary environment and additional collaboration¹² of the international optical tweezers community," states Dr. Pacoret. "The high level of interdisciplinary（各学科间的） cooperation is what made this project unique, and contributed to its success."

 

The ability to use touch as a tool to allow exploration, diagnosis¹³ and assembly of widespread types of elements from sensors¹⁴, microsystems to biomedical elements, including cells, bacteria, viruses, and proteins is a real advance for laboratories. These objects are fragile, and their dimensions make them difficult to see under microscope. If this tool can restore the sense of touch under microscopic operation, it will help not only efficiency but also expand scientific creativity, said Dr. Pacoret, adding that she and her team are excited about the possibilities.

 

"This tool will offer a new degree of freedom and accessibility to researchers, providing, for example, new versatility¹⁵ for the study and micromanipulation of cells," she said.

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