经贸英语词汇
时间：2008-11-10 05:13:09
（单词翻译:单击）
（M0）money in circulation 流通中的现金
（M1） narrow money 狭义货币
（M2） broad money 广义货币
a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统
Account 帐户
Accounting1 equation 会计等式
Accounting system 会计系统
All Risks 一切险
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
Articulation2 勾稽关系
Assets 资产
Audit3 审计
bad account 坏帐
Balance sheet 资产负债表
bear market 熊市
blank endorsed4 空白背书
Bookkeepking 簿记
bull market 牛市
Business entity5 企业个体
Capital stock 股本
cargo6 receipt 承运货物收据
Cash flow prospects7 现金流量预测
catalogue 商品目录
Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行
close-ended fund 封闭式基金
commission 佣金
consignee9 收货人
Corporation 公司
Cost accounting 成本会计
cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格
cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费
Cost principle 成本原则
Creditor10 债权人
cut a melon 分红
dead account 呆帐
Deflation 通货紧缩
delivery 交货
Disclosure 批露
dividend11，bonus stock 股息，红利
downturn 低迷时期
endorsed 背书
enforce stockholding system 实行股份制
Expenses 费用
export department 出口部
External users 外部使用者
F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险
F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
face value 面值
fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税
Financial accounting 财务会计
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
Financial activities 筹资活动
Financial forecast 财务预测
Financial statement 财务报表
foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备
futures12 market 期货市场
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
genetically－modified products 基因改良产品
Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设
Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室
Hook Damage 钩损险
import department 进口部
Income statement 损益表
income tax 所得税
indicative price 参考价格
Inflation 通货膨涨
Inquiry13 询盘
Institute of Internal Auditors14 内部审计师协会
Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会
Integrity 整合性
Internal auditing8 内部审计
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
Internal users 内部使用者
Investing activities 投资活动
knowledge-based economy 知识经济
labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济
Liabilities 负债
Management accounting 管理会计
marine15 bills of lading 海运提单
national bonds 国债
nationalize；nationalization 国有化
Negative cash flow 负现金流量
non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款
non-work income 非劳动收入
notify 被通知人
open-ended fund 开放式基金
Operating activities 经营活动
order 订货
outstanding of deposits 存款余额
Owner's equity16 所有者权益
partial shipment 分批装运
Partnership17 合伙企业
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
press conference 记者招待会
price list 价目表
privatize；privatization 私有化
proactive fiscal18 measures 积极的财政政策
promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企业自主权
public relations department公关部
publicly owned economy 公有经济
recession 衰退时期
rectify19 the market order 整顿市场秩序
reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持
restraint of trade 贸易管制
Retained earning 留存利润
Return of investment 投资回报
Return on investment 投资报酬
Revenue 收入
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Risk of Leakage20 渗漏险
Risk of odor 串味险
Risk of Rust21 锈蚀险
sales terms and conditions销售条件
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
shareholding22 system; joint-stock system 股份制
shipping23 order 托运单
Shortage Risk 短缺险
Sole proprietorship24 独资企业
Solvency25 清偿能力
specification26 规格
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
state stock reduction 国有股减持
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
steady monetary27 policies 稳健的货币政策
Stockholders 股东
Stockholders' equity 股东权益
streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用
Strikes Risk 罢工险
T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Tax accounting 税务会计
technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济
the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数
the first majority shareholder28 第一大股东
the Hang Seng index 恒生指数
thin trade 交易薄弱
to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
to expand domestic demand 扩大内需
value-added tax 增值税
W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险
War Risk 战争险
Window dressing29 门面粉饰
year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的
bull market: 牛市， 多头市场
bear market :熊市， 空头市场
股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock
国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)
人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP
产值 output value
鼓励 give incentive30 to
投入 input31
宏观控制 exercise macro-control
优化经济结构 optimize32 the economic structure
输入活力 bring vigor33 into
改善经济环境 improve economic environment
整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
非公有成分 non-public sectors35
主要成分 dominant36 sector34
实在的 tangible37
全体会议 plenary session
解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley38
举措 move
实事求是 seek truth from facts
引进、输入 importation
和平演变 peaceful evolution
试一下 have a go (at sth.)
精华、精粹、实质 quintessence
家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
搞活企业 invigorate enterprises
商品经济 commodity economy
基石 cornerstone
零售 retail39
发电量 electric energy production
有色金属 nonferrous metals
人均收入 per capita income
使负担 be saddled with
营业发达的公司 going concerns
被兼并或挤掉 annexed40 or forced out of business
善于接受的 receptive
增额、增值、增长 increment41
发展过快 excessive growth
抽样调查 data from the sample survey
扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
实际增长率 actual growth rate
国际收支 international balance of payments
流通制度 circulation system
总工资 total wages
分配形式 FORMs of distribution
风险资金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management
一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points
以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义\*\*\*思想、坚持改革开放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal42 principles - adherence43 to the socialist44 road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination45 of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations47, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。
China needs to be vigilant48 against the Right deviation46, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
Socialism and capitalism49 are not distinguished50 by the proportion of planned and market economy.
随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory51 state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各尽所能，按劳/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
经济结构改革。
reFORM in economic structure
剩余劳动力。
surplus labor
经营机制
operative mechanism52
发挥市场的调节作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
经济和law的杠杆
economic and legal leverages
经济计划和市场调节相结合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消国家对农产品的统购统销
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing53 of agricultural products
改革重点转移到城市
the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization54.
逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
to modernize55 the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
The state ensures the consolidation56 and growth of the state economy.
农业 farming
林业 forestry
畜牧业 animal husbandry
副业 sideline production
渔业 fishing
第一产业 primary industry
第二产业 secondary industry
第三产业 tertiary industry
生产资料 means of production
生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生产关系 relations of production
生产力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
合资企业 joint venture
合作企业 cooperative enterprise
独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization
中国人民银行 People's Bank of China
信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry
国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission
贷款无力偿还 loan defaults
（M1） narrow money 狭义货币
（M2） broad money 广义货币
a minimum living standard system 最低生活保障系统
Account 帐户
Accounting1 equation 会计等式
Accounting system 会计系统
All Risks 一切险
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
Articulation2 勾稽关系
Assets 资产
Audit3 审计
bad account 坏帐
Balance sheet 资产负债表
bear market 熊市
blank endorsed4 空白背书
Bookkeepking 簿记
bull market 牛市
Business entity5 企业个体
Capital stock 股本
cargo6 receipt 承运货物收据
Cash flow prospects7 现金流量预测
catalogue 商品目录
Certificate in Internal Auditing内部审计证书
Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书
Certificate Public Accountant 注册会计师
China Securities Regulatory Commission 中国证监会
China's "Big Four" commercial banks中国四大商业银行
close-ended fund 封闭式基金
commission 佣金
consignee9 收货人
Corporation 公司
Cost accounting 成本会计
cost and freightCFR 成本加运费价格
cost insurance and freightCIF 成本加运保费
Cost principle 成本原则
Creditor10 债权人
cut a melon 分红
dead account 呆帐
Deflation 通货紧缩
delivery 交货
Disclosure 批露
dividend11，bonus stock 股息，红利
downturn 低迷时期
endorsed 背书
enforce stockholding system 实行股份制
Expenses 费用
export department 出口部
External users 外部使用者
F.P.A.(Free from Particular Average) 平安险
F.W.R.D.(Fresh Water Rain Damage) 淡水雨淋险
face value 面值
fees－for－tax reFORM 费改税
Financial accounting 财务会计
Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会
Financial activities 筹资活动
Financial forecast 财务预测
Financial statement 财务报表
foreign exchange reservers 外汇储备
futures12 market 期货市场
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则
General-purpose inFORMation 通用目的信息
genetically－modified products 基因改良产品
Going-concern assumption 持续经营假设
Government Accounting Office govern会计办公室
Hook Damage 钩损险
import department 进口部
Income statement 损益表
income tax 所得税
indicative price 参考价格
Inflation 通货膨涨
Inquiry13 询盘
Institute of Internal Auditors14 内部审计师协会
Institute of Management Accountants管理会计师协会
Integrity 整合性
Internal auditing8 内部审计
Internal control structure 内部控制结构
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署
Internal users 内部使用者
Investing activities 投资活动
knowledge-based economy 知识经济
labour-intensive economy 劳动密集型经济
Liabilities 负债
Management accounting 管理会计
marine15 bills of lading 海运提单
national bonds 国债
nationalize；nationalization 国有化
Negative cash flow 负现金流量
non-perFORMing loan 不良贷款
non-work income 非劳动收入
notify 被通知人
open-ended fund 开放式基金
Operating activities 经营活动
order 订货
outstanding of deposits 存款余额
Owner's equity16 所有者权益
partial shipment 分批装运
Partnership17 合伙企业
Positive cash flow 正现金流量
press conference 记者招待会
price list 价目表
privatize；privatization 私有化
proactive fiscal18 measures 积极的财政政策
promote independent decision－making by state－owned enterprises 提高企业自主权
public relations department公关部
publicly owned economy 公有经济
recession 衰退时期
rectify19 the market order 整顿市场秩序
reduce state's stake in listed companies 国有股减持
restraint of trade 贸易管制
Retained earning 留存利润
Return of investment 投资回报
Return on investment 投资报酬
Revenue 收入
Risk of Intermixture and Contamination 混杂、玷污险
Risk of Leakage20 渗漏险
Risk of odor 串味险
Risk of Rust21 锈蚀险
sales terms and conditions销售条件
Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
shareholding22 system; joint-stock system 股份制
shipping23 order 托运单
Shortage Risk 短缺险
Sole proprietorship24 独资企业
Solvency25 清偿能力
specification26 规格
Stable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设
state stock reduction 国有股减持
Statement of cash flow 现金流量表
Statement of financial position 财务状况表
steady monetary27 policies 稳健的货币政策
Stockholders 股东
Stockholders' equity 股东权益
streghten the government's macro - regulatory functions 加强govern宏观调控作用
Strikes Risk 罢工险
T.P.N.D.( Theft,Pilferage & Non-delivery) 偷窃提货不着险
Tax accounting 税务会计
technology-intensive economy 技术密集型经济
the Dow Jones industrial average 道琼斯工业平均指数
the first majority shareholder28 第一大股东
the Hang Seng index 恒生指数
thin trade 交易薄弱
to become the majority shareholder/to take a controlling stake 控股
to expand domestic demand 扩大内需
value-added tax 增值税
W.A./W.P.A(With Average or With Particular Average) 水渍险
War Risk 战争险
Window dressing29 门面粉饰
year-on-year 与去年同期数字相比的
bull market: 牛市， 多头市场
bear market :熊市， 空头市场
股息，红利 dividend or bonus stock
国民生产总值 GNP (Gross National Product)
人均国民生产总值 per capita GNP
产值 output value
鼓励 give incentive30 to
投入 input31
宏观控制 exercise macro-control
优化经济结构 optimize32 the economic structure
输入活力 bring vigor33 into
改善经济环境 improve economic environment
整顿经济秩序 rectify economic order
有效地控制通货膨胀 effectively control inflation
非公有成分 non-public sectors35
主要成分 dominant36 sector34
实在的 tangible37
全体会议 plenary session
解放生产力 liberate/unshackle/release the productive forces
引入歧途 lead one to a blind alley38
举措 move
实事求是 seek truth from facts
引进、输入 importation
和平演变 peaceful evolution
试一下 have a go (at sth.)
精华、精粹、实质 quintessence
家庭联产责任承包制 family-contract responsibility system
搞活企业 invigorate enterprises
商品经济 commodity economy
基石 cornerstone
零售 retail39
发电量 electric energy production
有色金属 nonferrous metals
人均收入 per capita income
使负担 be saddled with
营业发达的公司 going concerns
被兼并或挤掉 annexed40 or forced out of business
善于接受的 receptive
增额、增值、增长 increment41
发展过快 excessive growth
抽样调查 data from the sample survey
扣除物价上涨部分 price increase are deducted(excluded)
实际增长率 actual growth rate
国际收支 international balance of payments
流通制度 circulation system
总工资 total wages
分配形式 FORMs of distribution
风险资金 risk funds
管理不善 poor management
一个中心、两个基本点one central task and two basic points
以经济建设为中心，坚持四项基本原则（1）社会主义道路（2）党的领导（3）人民民主专政（4）马列主义\*\*\*思想、坚持改革开放
the central task refers to economic construction and two basic points are the four cardinal42 principles - adherence43 to the socialist44 road, to Communist Party leadership, to the people's democratic dictatorship and to Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought - and persisting in reFORM and opening.
改革是"社会主义制度的自我完善和自我发展"。
ReFORM is "the self-perfection and self-development of the socialist system."
我们辨别的标准是看这样做是否有利于发展社会主义的生产力，是否有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力，是否有利于提高人民的生活水平。
The criterion for our judgement is whether the move facilitates the development of socialist productive forces, whether it helps increase the overall national strength of a socialist country, and whether it brings about better living standards.
社会主义的最终目标是解放生产力，消灭剥削，消除贫富两极分化，最终达到共同富裕。
The main goals of socialism are the liberation and development of productive forces, the elimination45 of exploitation and polarization between the rich and the poor and the final achievement of common prosperity.
要人们警惕右和"左"的影响，特别是"左"的根深蒂固的影响。
to warn people of the influence of both the Right and the "Left" deviations47, particularly of the deep-rooted "Left" influence.
中国要警惕右，但更要防"左"。
China needs to be vigilant48 against the Right deviation46, but primarily, it should guard against the "Left"deviation.
资本主义和社会主义并不是以计划经济和市场的多少来划分的。
Socialism and capitalism49 are not distinguished50 by the proportion of planned and market economy.
随着改革的深化，国家指令性计划的范围将会缩小，而市场调节的范围将会扩大。
As the reFORM further develops, the scope for mandatory51 state plans will be narrowed, while the scope for market forces will be enlarged.
初步建立社会主义计划商品经济新体制。
to establish at a preliminary level a new system of socialist planned commodity economy.
各尽所能，按劳/需分配。
from each according to his ability, to each according to his work/needs.
经济结构改革。
reFORM in economic structure
剩余劳动力。
surplus labor
经营机制
operative mechanism52
发挥市场的调节作用
to give play to the regulatory role of the market
经济和law的杠杆
economic and legal leverages
经济计划和市场调节相结合
to combine economic planning with market regulation
计划经济和市场调节相结合的机制
a mechanism that combines planned economy and market regulation
取消国家对农产品的统购统销
to cancel the state's monopoly on the purchase and marketing53 of agricultural products
改革重点转移到城市
the focus of reFORM is shifted to the cities
国家的根本任务是，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设
The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its efforts on socialist modernization54.
逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。
to modernize55 the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a strong and prosperous socialist country with a high level of culture and democracy.
社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
The basis of the socialist economic system is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.
国有经济，即社会主义全民所有制经济，是国民经济中的主导力量。
The state economy is the sector of socialist economy under ownership by the whole people; it is the leading force in the national economy.
国家保障国有经济的巩固和发展。
The state ensures the consolidation56 and growth of the state economy.
农业 farming
林业 forestry
畜牧业 animal husbandry
副业 sideline production
渔业 fishing
第一产业 primary industry
第二产业 secondary industry
第三产业 tertiary industry
生产资料 means of production
生活资料 means of livelihood/subsistence
生产关系 relations of production
生产力 productive forces
公有制 public ownership
私有制 private ownership
全民所有制 ownership by the entire/whole people
社会主义集体所有制 socialist collective ownership
厉行节约，反对浪费 to practice strict economy and combat waste
外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise
合资企业 joint venture
合作企业 cooperative enterprise
独资企业 wholly foreign owned/funded enterprise
世界贸易组织 World Trade Organization
中国人民银行 People's Bank of China
信息产业部 Ministry of InFORMation Industry
国家发展计划委员会 State Development Planning Commission
贷款无力偿还 loan defaults
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1
accounting
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| n.会计，会计学，借贷对照表 | |
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articulation
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| n.（清楚的）发音；清晰度，咬合 | |
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audit
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| v.审计；查帐；核对；旁听 | |
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endorsed
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| vt.& vi.endorse的过去式或过去分词形式v.赞同( endorse的过去式和过去分词 )；在（尤指支票的）背面签字；在（文件的）背面写评论；在广告上说本人使用并赞同某产品 | |
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entity
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| n.实体，独立存在体，实际存在物 | |
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cargo
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| n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物 | |
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prospects
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| n.希望，前途(恒为复数) | |
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auditing
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| n.审计，查账，决算 | |
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consignee
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| n.受托者，收件人，代销人；承销人；收货人 | |
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creditor
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| n.债仅人，债主，贷方 | |
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dividend
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| n.红利，股息；回报，效益 | |
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futures
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| n.期货，期货交易 | |
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inquiry
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| n.打听，询问，调查，查问 | |
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auditors
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| n.审计员，稽核员( auditor的名词复数 )；（大学课程的）旁听生 | |
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marine
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| adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵 | |
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equity
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| n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票 | |
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partnership
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| n.合作关系，伙伴关系 | |
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fiscal
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| adj.财政的，会计的，国库的，国库岁入的 | |
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rectify
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| v.订正，矫正，改正 | |
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leakage
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| n.漏，泄漏；泄漏物；漏出量 | |
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rust
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| n.锈；v.生锈；(脑子)衰退 | |
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shareholding
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| n.股权 | |
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shipping
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| n.船运（发货，运输，乘船） | |
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proprietorship
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| n.所有（权）；所有权 | |
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solvency
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| n.偿付能力，溶解力 | |
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specification
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| n.详述；[常pl.]规格，说明书，规范 | |
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monetary
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| adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的 | |
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shareholder
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| n.股东，股票持有人 | |
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dressing
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| n.(食物)调料；包扎伤口的用品，敷料 | |
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incentive
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| n.刺激；动力；鼓励；诱因；动机 | |
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input
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| n.输入(物)；投入；vt.把(数据等)输入计算机 | |
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optimize
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| v.使优化 [=optimise] | |
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vigor
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| n.活力，精力，元气 | |
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sector
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| n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形 | |
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sectors
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| n.部门( sector的名词复数 )；领域；防御地区；扇形 | |
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dominant
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| adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因 | |
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tangible
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| adj.有形的，可触摸的，确凿的，实际的 | |
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alley
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| n.小巷，胡同；小径，小路 | |
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retail
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| v./n.零售；adv.以零售价格 | |
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annexed
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| [法] 附加的，附属的 | |
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increment
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| n.增值，增价；提薪，增加工资 | |
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cardinal
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| n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的 | |
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adherence
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| n.信奉，依附，坚持，固着 | |
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socialist
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| n.社会主义者；adj.社会主义的 | |
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elimination
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| n.排除，消除，消灭 | |
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deviation
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| n.背离，偏离；偏差，偏向；离题 | |
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deviations
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| 背离，偏离( deviation的名词复数 )； 离经叛道的行为 | |
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vigilant
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| adj.警觉的，警戒的，警惕的 | |
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capitalism
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| n.资本主义 | |
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distinguished
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| adj.卓越的，杰出的，著名的 | |
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mandatory
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| adj.命令的；强制的；义务的；n.受托者 | |
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mechanism
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| n.机械装置；机构，结构 | |
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marketing
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| n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西 | |
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modernization
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| n.现代化，现代化的事物 | |
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modernize
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| vt.使现代化，使适应现代的需要 | |
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consolidation
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| n.合并,巩固 | |
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