通过阅读学词汇CET-6（33）

时间：2007-01-03 08:16:01

（单词翻译:单击）

Unit thirty-three
The Liberty of Press

The proposition which I mean to maintain as the basis of the liberty of the press, and without which it is an empty sound, is this: that every man, not intending to mislead, but seeking to enlighten others with what his own reason and conscience, however erroneously, have dictated1 to him as truth, may address himself to the universal reason of a whole nation, either upon the subject of government in general, or upon that of our own particular country; that he may analyse the principles of its constitution, point out its errors and defects, examine and publish its corruptions4, warn his fellow-citizens against their ruinous consequences, and exert his whole faculties5 in pointing out the most advantageous6 changes in establishments which he considers to be radically7 defective8, or sliding from their object by abuse. All his every subject of his country has right to do, if he contemplates10 only what he thinks would be for its advantage, but seeks to change the public mind by the conviction which flows from reasonings dictated by conscience.
　　If, indeed, he writes what he does not think; if, contemplating11 the misery12 of others, he wickedly condemns13 what his own understanding approves; or, even admitting his real disgust against the government or its corruptions if he calumniates15 living magistrates17, or holds out to individuals that they have a right to run before the public mind in their conduct; that they may oppose by contumacy or force what private reason only disapproves18; that they may disobey the law, because their judgment19 condemns it; or resist the public will, because they honestly wish to change it – he is then a criminal upon every principle of rational policy, as well as upon the immemorial precedents21 of English justice; because such a person seeks to disunite individuals from their duty to the whole, and excites to overt22 acts of endeavouring to change, by the impulse of reason, that universal assent23 which, in this and every country, constitutes the law for all.

proposition n.1.论点,主张 2.建议,提案 3.命题
[联想词]               contention24 n.1.论点 2.争论,争辩
               deduce vt.推论,推断,演绎

enlighten vt.启发,开导

conscience n.良心,道德心
conscientious25 a.按良心办事的,认真的,勤勤恳恳的

erroneous a.错误的,不正确的

corrupt2 a.堕落的,腐败的,贪赃舞弊的 vt.腐蚀,使堕落
corruption3 n.堕落,腐化,贿赂
[联想词]    fraud n.欺诈,诈骗 2.骗子
               bribe26 vt.向…行贿,买通 n.贿赂,行贿物

fellowship n.伙伴关系,交情,友谊 2.团体,协会,联谊会 3.(研究生)奖学金,(大学)研究员职位

contemplate9 vt.1.盘算,讲议 2.思量,对…周密考虑 3.注视,凝视

misery n.1.痛苦,苦难,苦恼 2.悲惨的境遇,贫苦
[联想词]               misfortune n.1.不幸,厄运,逆境 2.灾难,灾祸
               catastrophe27 n.大灾难,灾祸
               casualty n.1.伤亡人员,死伤者 2.受害人,损失的东西

calumniate14 vt.诽谤,恶意中伤

magistrate16 n.地方行政官司,地方法官,治安官

contumacy n.叛逆性,反抗权威,藐视法庭

precedent20 n.1.先例,范例,判例 2.惯例

overt a.公开的,不隐蔽的
[联想词]               disclose vt.揭露,泄露,透露

endeavour vt.努力,尽力,尝试 n.努力,尽力,尝试

impulse n.1.冲动,一时的念头 2.驱动,驱使 3.脉冲

assent vi.同意,赞成 n.同意,赞成,赞同
[联想词]               consent n.vi.准许,同意,赞成
               comply vi.遵从,依从,服从
               compliance28 n.1.遵从,依从 2.顺从,屈从

 
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1 dictated aa4dc65f69c81352fa034c36d66908ec     
v.大声讲或读( dictate的过去式和过去分词 )；口授；支配；摆布
参考例句：
  • He dictated a letter to his secretary. 他向秘书口授信稿。
  • No person of a strong character likes to be dictated to. 没有一个个性强的人愿受人使唤。 来自《简明英汉词典》
2 corrupt 4zTxn     
v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的
参考例句：
  • The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
  • This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。
3 corruption TzCxn     
n.腐败，堕落，贪污
参考例句：
  • The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
  • The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。
4 corruptions f937d102f5a7f58f5162a9ffb6987770     
n.堕落( corruption的名词复数 )；腐化；腐败；贿赂
参考例句：
  • He stressed the corruptions of sin. 他强调了罪恶的腐朽。 来自互联网
5 faculties 066198190456ba4e2b0a2bda2034dfc5     
n.能力( faculty的名词复数 )；全体教职员；技巧；院
参考例句：
  • Although he's ninety, his mental faculties remain unimpaired. 他虽年届九旬，但头脑仍然清晰。
  • All your faculties have come into play in your work. 在你的工作中，你的全部才能已起到了作用。 来自《简明英汉词典》
6 advantageous BK5yp     
adj.有利的；有帮助的
参考例句：
  • Injections of vitamin C are obviously advantageous.注射维生素C显然是有利的。
  • You're in a very advantageous position.你处于非常有利的地位。
7 radically ITQxu     
ad.根本地，本质地
参考例句：
  • I think we may have to rethink our policies fairly radically. 我认为我们可能要对我们的政策进行根本的反思。
  • The health service must be radically reformed. 公共医疗卫生服务必须进行彻底改革。
8 defective qnLzZ     
adj.有毛病的，有问题的，有瑕疵的
参考例句：
  • The firm had received bad publicity over a defective product. 该公司因为一件次品而受到媒体攻击。
  • If the goods prove defective, the customer has the right to compensation. 如果货品证明有缺陷， 顾客有权索赔。
9 contemplate PaXyl     
vt.盘算，计议；周密考虑；注视，凝视
参考例句：
  • The possibility of war is too horrifying to contemplate.战争的可能性太可怕了，真不堪细想。
  • The consequences would be too ghastly to contemplate.后果不堪设想。
10 contemplates 53d303de2b68f50ff5360cd5a92df87d     
深思，细想，仔细考虑( contemplate的第三人称单数 )； 注视，凝视； 考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）； 深思熟虑，沉思，苦思冥想
参考例句：
  • She contemplates leaving for the sake of the kids. 她考虑为了孩子而离开。
  • Beauty in things exists in the mind which contemplates them. 事物的美存在于细心观察它的人的头脑中。
11 contemplating bde65bd99b6b8a706c0f139c0720db21     
深思，细想，仔细考虑( contemplate的现在分词 )； 注视，凝视； 考虑接受（发生某事的可能性）； 深思熟虑，沉思，苦思冥想
参考例句：
  • You're too young to be contemplating retirement. 你考虑退休还太年轻。
  • She stood contemplating the painting. 她站在那儿凝视那幅图画。
12 misery G10yi     
n.痛苦，苦恼，苦难；悲惨的境遇，贫苦
参考例句：
  • Business depression usually causes misery among the working class.商业不景气常使工薪阶层受苦。
  • He has rescued me from the mire of misery.他把我从苦海里救了出来。
13 condemns c3a2b03fc35077b00cf57010edb796f4     
v.（通常因道义上的原因而）谴责( condemn的第三人称单数 )；宣判；宣布…不能使用；迫使…陷于不幸的境地
参考例句：
  • Her widowhood condemns her to a lonely old age. 守寡使她不得不过着孤独的晚年生活。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • The public opinion condemns prostitution. 公众舆论遣责卖淫。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
14 calumniate 1Tdyp     
v.诬蔑，中伤
参考例句：
  • Do not calumniate good people,otherwise you will be punished.不要诬枉好人，否则你会遭到报应的。
  • I have never seen people like you calumniate others like this!我从来没有见过像你这样中伤别人的人！
15 calumniates 32bafb1052fe7dec8fbe6322dbca0780     
v.诽谤，中伤( calumniate的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
16 magistrate e8vzN     
n.地方行政官，地方法官，治安官
参考例句：
  • The magistrate committed him to prison for a month.法官判处他一个月监禁。
  • John was fined 1000 dollars by the magistrate.约翰被地方法官罚款1000美元。
17 magistrates bbe4eeb7cda0f8fbf52949bebe84eb3e     
地方法官，治安官( magistrate的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • to come up before the magistrates 在地方法院出庭
  • He was summoned to appear before the magistrates. 他被传唤在地方法院出庭。
18 disapproves 2409ec34a905c5a568c1e2e81c7efcdc     
v.不赞成( disapprove的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
  • She disapproves of unmarried couples living together. 她反对未婚男女同居。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Her mother disapproves of her wearing transparent underwear. 她母亲不赞成她穿透明的内衣。 来自辞典例句
19 judgment e3xxC     
n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见
参考例句：
  • The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
  • He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。
20 precedent sSlz6     
n.先例，前例；惯例；adj.在前的，在先的
参考例句：
  • Is there a precedent for what you want me to do?你要我做的事有前例可援吗？
  • This is a wonderful achievement without precedent in Chinese history.这是中国历史上亘古未有的奇绩。
21 precedents 822d1685d50ee9bc7c3ee15a208b4a7e     
引用单元； 范例( precedent的名词复数 )； 先前出现的事例； 前例； 先例
参考例句：
  • There is no lack of precedents in this connection. 不乏先例。
  • He copied after bad precedents. 他仿效恶例。
22 overt iKoxp     
adj.公开的，明显的，公然的
参考例句：
  • His opponent's intention is quite overt.他的对手的意图很明显。
  • We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。
23 assent Hv6zL     
v.批准，认可；n.批准，认可
参考例句：
  • I cannot assent to what you ask.我不能应允你的要求。
  • The new bill passed by Parliament has received Royal Assent.议会所通过的新方案已获国王批准。
24 contention oZ5yd     
n.争论，争辩，论战；论点，主张
参考例句：
  • The pay increase is the key point of contention. 加薪是争论的焦点。
  • The real bone of contention,as you know,is money.你知道，争论的真正焦点是钱的问题。
25 conscientious mYmzr     
adj.审慎正直的，认真的，本着良心的
参考例句：
  • He is a conscientious man and knows his job.他很认真负责，也很懂行。
  • He is very conscientious in the performance of his duties.他非常认真地履行职责。
26 bribe GW8zK     
n.贿赂；v.向…行贿，买通
参考例句：
  • He tried to bribe the policeman not to arrest him.他企图贿赂警察不逮捕他。
  • He resolutely refused their bribe.他坚决不接受他们的贿赂。
27 catastrophe WXHzr     
n.大灾难，大祸
参考例句：
  • I owe it to you that I survived the catastrophe.亏得你我才大难不死。
  • This is a catastrophe beyond human control.这是一场人类无法控制的灾难。
28 compliance ZXyzX     
n.顺从；服从；附和；屈从
参考例句：
  • I was surprised by his compliance with these terms.我对他竟然依从了这些条件而感到吃惊。
  • She gave up the idea in compliance with his desire.她顺从他的愿望而放弃自己的主意。

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