报刊英语单词精华-艺术 · Art 17

161.surplus ：过剩
A situation in which the supply of goods exceeds the demand, esp. at a given price.
特别是以一定价格销售的商品的供应超过需求的状况。
Smart consumers try to purchase items that are in surplus in order to get more for the same money.
精明的消费者在商品过剩时购买，以便用同样的钱购买更多的商品。
162.tax shelter ： 减免所得税
An investment in certain business, activities, etc. that legally entitles the investor¹ to avoid, reduce, or defer² income taxes.
在某些行业、活动等方面的投资，投资者合法地享受减、免或缓交所得税。
Some business use tax shelters in an effort to reduce or defer their income tax.
一些公司采取合法减免所得税的手段来减少或迟交所得税。
163.tech angst ： 技术顾虑
(A combination of “technological³” and “anxiety”.) The fear of automation among consumers.
“technological”（技术的）和 “anxiety”（担心）的合成词。顾客对自动化产生的担心。
The tech angst of many people makes them reluctant to put their trust in automated⁴ teller⁵ machines.
许多人有技术顾虑，因而不愿使用自动提款机。
164.technological monopoly ： 技术垄断
A condition in which a company has exclusive rights to a patented product or process.
一公司对专利产品或制作方法享有专属权的状况。
AT & T has a technological monopoly over a number of products and processes in the communications world.
在通讯领域中，美国电话电报公司在一些产品和方法 享有技术垄断。
165.trade barriers ： 贸易壁垒
Tariffs⁶, quotas⁷, and other regulations used by one country to discourage the importation of certain goods.
一个国家为阻碍某些产品的进口所采用的关税、配额和其他规定。
The U.S. is poised⁸ to eliminate trade barriers with Mexico and other neighboring countries.
美国准备减少同墨西哥及其他邻近国家的贸易壁垒。
166.trade deficit⁹ ： 贸易赤字 20
An imbalance in which a nation’s imports exceed its exports.
一国进口超过其出口的不平衡状况。
No nation wants to run a continuous trade deficit with other countries.
没有一个国家愿意自己同他国的贸易处于持续的赤字状态。
167.trade imbalance ： 贸易不平衡
A condition in which a nation’s exports and imports and imports are not equal.
一国的出口和进口不持平的状况。
The subject of trade imbalance is an ongoing¹⁰ debate between the U.S. and Japan.
贸易不平衡是美日两国间长期争论的话题。
168.trickle-down economics ： 滴入式经济学
A theory that government financial incentives¹¹ to big business will eventually benefit smaller businesses and general public.
一种经济理论，认为政府对大企业的财政补贴最终使小企业和大众受益。
President Bill Clinton dose not believe that trickle-down economics works for the benefit of the nation.
克林顿总统不相信滴入式经济学有益于国家。
169.trust ： 托拉斯
Several companies acting¹² together to control production, pricing, and distribution of a product.
几家公司联合行动以控制一种新产品的生产、定价和销售。
The government has anti=trust laws that regulate against companies forming trusts in order to control product prices and distribution.
政府有反托拉斯法，反对公司组成意在控制产品价格和销售的托拉斯。
170.upward mobility¹³ ： 往上晋升
The movement of an individual to ever higher levels of responsibility in a company.
一个人在公司里上升到承担相应责任的较高职位。
It was no surprise to the other workers that the boss’s nephew enjoined¹⁴ such a great degree of upward mobility.
老板的侄子往上晋升如此之快，其他工人并不感意外。