通过阅读学词汇CET-6（14）

时间：2006-12-14 06:08:16

（单词翻译:单击）

UNIT FOURTEEN
Education:One of the Key Words of Our Time

　　Education is one of the key words of our time. A man without an education, many of us believe, is an unfortunate victim of adverse1 circumstances deprived of one of the greatest twentieth-century opportunities. Convinced of the importance of education, modern states 'invest' in institutions of learning to get back 'interest' in the form of a large group of enlightened young men and women who are potential leaders. Education, with its cycles of instruction so carefully worked out, punctuated2 by text-books -- those purchasable wells of wisdom-- what would civilization be like without its benefits ?
　　So much is certain: that we would have doctors and preachers, lawyers and defendants3, marriages and births--but our spiritual outlook would be different. We would lay less stress on 'facts and figures' and more on a good memory, on applied5 psychology6, and on the capacity of a man to get along with his fellow- citizens. If our educational system were fashioned after its bookless past we would have the most democratic form of 'college' imaginable. Among the people whom we like to call savages7 all knowledge inherited by tradition is shared by all; it is taught to every member of the tribe so that in this respect everybody is, equally equipped for life.
　　It is the ideal condition of the 'equal start' which only our most progressive forms of modern education try to regain9. In primitive10 cultures the obligation to seek and to receive the traditional instruction is binding11 to all. There are no 'illiterates12 ' -- if the term can be applied to peoples without a script--while our own compulsory13 school attendance became law in Germany in 1642, in Francein 1806, and in England in 1876, and is still non-existent in a number of 'civilized14' nations. This shows how long it was before we deemed it necessary to make sure that all our children could share in the knowledge accumulated by the 'happy few' during the past centuries.
　　Education in the wilderness15 is not a matter of monetary16 means. All are entitled to an equal start. There is none of the hurry which, in our society, often hampers17 the full development of a growing personality. There, a child grows

up under the ever-present attention of his parents, therefore the jungles and the savannahs know of no 'juvenile19 delinquency.' No necessity of making a living away from home results in neglect of children, and no father is confronted with his inability to 'buy' an education for his child.

adverse a.不利的,有害的

deprive vt. 剥夺,使丧失
[联想词]               derive20 vt. 1.取得,得到 2.追溯...的起源 vi.起源

enlighten vt.启发,开导
[联想词]               illuminate21 vt. 1.照明,照亮 2.阐明,启发
               clarify vt.澄清,阐明
               clarity n.清楚,明晰

preach vt. 1.宣讲,布道 2.竭力鼓吹,宣传 vi.布道,说教
preacher n.1.传道士,牧师 2.说教者,鼓吹者
[联想词]               missionary22 n.传教士

defendant4 n.被告

savage8 a. 1.残暴的,凶狠的,粗鲁的 2.未开化的,野蛮的 n.野蛮人 vt. 1.乱咬 2.激烈抨击
[联想词]               brutal23 a.1.野兽般的,残忍的 2.无情的,冷酷的

inherit vt.继承
[联想词]               inherent a.内在的,固有的,生来就有的

tribe n. 1.部落 2.族
[联想词]   clan24 a.宗族
               ethnic25 a.种族的

compulsory a.必须做的,强制性的,必修的

attendance n. 1.出席人数 2.出席,参加,出席次数 3.护理,照料
attendant n.服务人员,侍者,随从 a.伴随的,随之而产生的

deem vt.认为,视为

monetary a.钱的,货币的,金融的

hamper18 vt.妨碍,束缚,限制
[联想词]    curb26 vt.控制,约束 n.1.控制,约束 2.路缘
               inhibit27 vt.阻止,妨碍,抑制
               hinder vt.阻碍,妨碍
               handicap n. 1.缺陷 2.障碍,不利条件 vt.妨碍,使不利

savannah n.热带草原
[联想词]               plateau n.高原
               meadow n.草地
               peninsula n.半岛
               inland a.内地的,内陆的 ad.在内地,向内地

juvenile a.1.少年的 2.幼稚的,不成熟的 n.未成年人,少年
[联想词]               adolescent n.青少年 a.青春期的,青少年的

delinquency n. 1.少年犯罪,违法行为 2.失职,懈怠

 
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1 adverse 5xBzs     
adj.不利的；有害的；敌对的，不友好的
参考例句：
  • He is adverse to going abroad.他反对出国。
  • The improper use of medicine could lead to severe adverse reactions.用药不当会产生严重的不良反应。
2 punctuated 7bd3039c345abccc3ac40a4e434df484     
v.（在文字中）加标点符号，加标点( punctuate的过去式和过去分词 )；不时打断某事物
参考例句：
  • Her speech was punctuated by bursts of applause. 她的讲演不时被阵阵掌声打断。
  • The audience punctuated his speech by outbursts of applause. 听众不时以阵阵掌声打断他的讲话。 来自《简明英汉词典》
3 defendants 7d469c27ef878c3ccf7daf5b6ab392dc     
被告( defendant的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • The courts heard that the six defendants had been coerced into making a confession. 法官审判时发现6位被告人曾被迫承认罪行。
  • As in courts, the defendants are represented by legal counsel. 与法院相同，被告有辩护律师作为代表。 来自英汉非文学 - 政府文件
4 defendant mYdzW     
n.被告；adj.处于被告地位的
参考例句：
  • The judge rejected a bribe from the defendant's family.法官拒收被告家属的贿赂。
  • The defendant was borne down by the weight of evidence.有力的证据使被告认输了。
5 applied Tz2zXA     
adj.应用的；v.应用，适用
参考例句：
  • She plans to take a course in applied linguistics.她打算学习应用语言学课程。
  • This cream is best applied to the face at night.这种乳霜最好晚上擦脸用。
6 psychology U0Wze     
n.心理，心理学，心理状态
参考例句：
  • She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
  • He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。
7 savages 2ea43ddb53dad99ea1c80de05d21d1e5     
未开化的人，野蛮人( savage的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • There're some savages living in the forest. 森林里居住着一些野人。
  • That's an island inhabited by savages. 那是一个野蛮人居住的岛屿。
8 savage ECxzR     
adj.野蛮的；凶恶的，残暴的；n.未开化的人
参考例句：
  • The poor man received a savage beating from the thugs.那可怜的人遭到暴徒的痛打。
  • He has a savage temper.他脾气粗暴。
9 regain YkYzPd     
vt.重新获得，收复，恢复
参考例句：
  • He is making a bid to regain his World No.1 ranking.他正为重登世界排名第一位而努力。
  • The government is desperate to regain credibility with the public.政府急于重新获取公众的信任。
10 primitive vSwz0     
adj.原始的；简单的；n.原(始)人，原始事物
参考例句：
  • It is a primitive instinct to flee a place of danger.逃离危险的地方是一种原始本能。
  • His book describes the march of the civilization of a primitive society.他的著作描述了一个原始社会的开化过程。
11 binding 2yEzWb     
有约束力的，有效的，应遵守的
参考例句：
  • The contract was not signed and has no binding force. 合同没有签署因而没有约束力。
  • Both sides have agreed that the arbitration will be binding. 双方都赞同仲裁具有约束力。
12 illiterates b6fc37fe7d871eff22563623d5e0390c     
目不识丁者( illiterate的名词复数 )； 无知
参考例句：
  • In 1996, an additional four million young and adult illiterates learned to read and write. 1996年，全国又减少了400万青壮年文盲。
  • Even semi-illiterates can read the writing on the wall, and many are throwing in the towel. 即使是知识不多的人也能看出不祥之兆。许多人认输了。
13 compulsory 5pVzu     
n.强制的，必修的；规定的，义务的
参考例句：
  • Is English a compulsory subject?英语是必修课吗？
  • Compulsory schooling ends at sixteen.义务教育至16岁为止。
14 civilized UwRzDg     
a.有教养的，文雅的
参考例句：
  • Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
  • rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为
15 wilderness SgrwS     
n.杳无人烟的一片陆地、水等，荒漠
参考例句：
  • She drove the herd of cattle through the wilderness.她赶着牛群穿过荒野。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
16 monetary pEkxb     
adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的
参考例句：
  • The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
  • Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。
17 hampers aedee0b9211933f51c82c37a6b8cd413     
妨碍，束缚，限制( hamper的第三人称单数 )
参考例句：
  • Prejudice sometimes hampers a person from doing the right thing. 有时候，偏见会妨碍人正确行事。
  • This behavior is the opposite of modeless feedback, and it hampers flow. 这个行为有悖于非模态的反馈，它阻碍了流。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
18 hamper oyGyk     
vt.妨碍，束缚，限制；n.(有盖的)大篮子
参考例句：
  • There are some apples in a picnic hamper.在野餐用的大篮子里有许多苹果。
  • The emergence of such problems seriously hamper the development of enterprises.这些问题的出现严重阻碍了企业的发展。
19 juvenile OkEy2     
n.青少年，少年读物；adj.青少年的，幼稚的
参考例句：
  • For a grown man he acted in a very juvenile manner.身为成年人，他的行为举止显得十分幼稚。
  • Juvenile crime is increasing at a terrifying rate.青少年犯罪正在以惊人的速度增长。
20 derive hmLzH     
v.取得；导出；引申；来自；源自；出自
参考例句：
  • We derive our sustenance from the land.我们从土地获取食物。
  • We shall derive much benefit from reading good novels.我们将从优秀小说中获得很大好处。
21 illuminate zcSz4     
vt.照亮，照明；用灯光装饰；说明，阐释
参考例句：
  • Dreams kindle a flame to illuminate our dark roads.梦想点燃火炬照亮我们黑暗的道路。
  • They use games and drawings to illuminate their subject.他们用游戏和图画来阐明他们的主题。
22 missionary ID8xX     
adj.教会的，传教(士)的；n.传教士
参考例句：
  • She taught in a missionary school for a couple of years.她在一所教会学校教了两年书。
  • I hope every member understands the value of missionary work. 我希望教友都了解传教工作的价值。
23 brutal bSFyb     
adj.残忍的，野蛮的，不讲理的
参考例句：
  • She has to face the brutal reality.她不得不去面对冷酷的现实。
  • They're brutal people behind their civilised veneer.他们表面上温文有礼，骨子里却是野蛮残忍。
24 clan Dq5zi     
n.氏族，部落，宗族，家族，宗派
参考例句：
  • She ranks as my junior in the clan.她的辈分比我小。
  • The Chinese Christians,therefore,practically excommunicate themselves from their own clan.所以，中国的基督徒简直是被逐出了自己的家族了。
25 ethnic jiAz3     
adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的
参考例句：
  • This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
  • The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。
26 curb LmRyy     
n.场外证券市场，场外交易；vt.制止，抑制
参考例句：
  • I could not curb my anger.我按捺不住我的愤怒。
  • You must curb your daughter when you are in church.你在教堂时必须管住你的女儿。
27 inhibit C7jxT     
vt.阻止，妨碍，抑制
参考例句：
  • Don't let ego and greed inhibit clear thinking and hard work.不要让自我和贪婪妨碍清晰的思维和刻苦的工作。
  • They passed a law to inhibit people from parking in the street.他们通过一项法令以阻止人们在街上停车。

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