通过阅读学词汇CET-6（8）

时间：2006-12-05 05:48:20

（单词翻译:单击）

Unit Eight
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Cars

The use of the motor is becoming more and more widespread in the twentieth century; as an increasing number of countries develop both technically1 and economically, so a larger proportion of the world's population is able to buy and use a car. Possessing a car gives a much greater degree of mobility2, enabling the driver to move around freely. The owner of a car is no longer forced to rely on public transport and is, therefore, not compelled to work locally. He can choose from different jobs and probably changes his work more frequently as he is not restricted to a choice within a small radius3. Traveling to work by car is also more comfortable than having to use public transport; the driver can adjust the heating in winter and the air-conditioning in the summer to suit his own needs and preference. There is no irritation4 caused by waiting for trains, buses or underground trains, standing5 in long patient queues, or sitting on windy platforms, for as long as half an hour sometimes. With the building of good, fast motorways6 long distances can be covered rapidly and pleasantly. For the first time in this century also, many people are now able to enjoy their leisure  time to the full by making trips to the country or seaside at the weekends, instead of being confined to their immediate7 neighborhood. This feeling of independence, and the freedom to go where you please, is perhaps the greatest advantage of the car.
　　when considering the drawbacks, perhaps pollution is of prime importance. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the emission8 from their exhaust-pipes contains an ever larger volume of poisonous gas. Some of the contents of this gas, such as lead, not only pollute the atmosphere but cause actual harm to the health of people. Many of the minor9 illnesses of modern industrial society, headaches, tiredness, and stomach upsets are thought to arise from breathing polluted air; doctors' surgeries are full of people suffering from illnesses caused by pollution. It is also becoming increasingly difficult to deal with the problem of traffic in towns; most of the

important cities of the world suffer form traffic jams. In fact, any advantage gained in comfort is often cancelled out in city driving by the frustration10 caused by traffic jams: endless queues of cars crawling one after another at the intersections12. As an increasing number of traffic regulation schemes are devised, the poor bewildered driver finds himself diverted and forced into one-way systems which cause even greater delays than the traffic jams they are supposed to prevent. The mounting cost of petrol and the increased tolls14 and road tax all add to the driver's worries. In fact, he must sometimes wonder if the motor car is such a blessing15 and not just a menace.

mobility n. 1.流动性,移动性 2.机动性
mobilize vt. 1.动员 2.调动 vi.动员起来
[联想词]
summon vi. 1.召唤 2. (up)鼓起勇气 3.召开,召集

irritate vt. 1.使恼怒,使烦躁 2.使(身体某部分)不适,使疼痛

radius n. 半径

air-conditioning n. 空调设备,空调系统

drawback n. 缺点,欠缺,不利条件
[联想词]
setback n. 挫折,倒退,失败
handicap n. 1.缺陷 2.障碍 vt. (handicapped;handicapping) 妨碍,使不利

productive a. 1.多产的,富饶的 2.富有成效的
productivity n. 生产力,生产率

surgery n. 1.外科,外科手术 2.手术室
surgeon n. 外科医生
[联想词]

dentist n.牙科医生
ward16 n.病房
bandage n.绷带 vt.用绷带包扎

intersection11 n.道路交叉口,交点
[联想词]
junction n.联结点,交叉口,枢纽
overpass17 n.天桥,立交桥
barricade18 n. 路 vt.在...设路障

bewilder vt. 使迷惑,难住
[联想词]
perplex vt. 使困惑,使复杂化
baffle vt. 使困惑,难住

toll13 n. 1.过路费 2.(事故等的)伤亡人数,损失 v.(缓慢而有规律的)敲(钟)

divert vt. 1.使转向,使改道 2.转移,转移...的注意力 3.使娱乐
diversion n. 1.转移,转向 2.消遣,娱乐 3.临时绕行路

bless v. 1.使有幸得到,使具有 2.为...祈神赐福
blessing n. 1.祈神赐福 2.幸事,恩惠

menace n. 1.具有危险的人 2.威胁,威吓 vt. 威胁,威吓
[联想词]
intimidate vt. 恐吓,威胁
bully19 vt.欺负,威吓 n.恃强欺弱者
jeopardize20 vt. 危及,损害
terrify vt. 使害怕,使惊吓
terrific a. 1.可怕的,吓人的 2.极度的,极大的
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1 technically wqYwV     
adv.专门地，技术上地
参考例句：
  • Technically it is the most advanced equipment ever.从技术上说，这是最先进的设备。
  • The tomato is technically a fruit,although it is eaten as a vegetable.严格地说，西红柿是一种水果，尽管它是当作蔬菜吃的。
2 mobility H6rzu     
n.可动性，变动性，情感不定
参考例句：
  • The difference in regional house prices acts as an obstacle to mobility of labour.不同地区房价的差异阻碍了劳动力的流动。
  • Mobility is very important in guerrilla warfare.机动性在游击战中至关重要。
3 radius LTKxp     
n.半径，半径范围；有效航程，范围，界限
参考例句：
  • He has visited every shop within a radius of two miles.周围两英里以内的店铺他都去过。
  • We are measuring the radius of the circle.我们正在测量圆的半径。
4 irritation la9zf     
n.激怒，恼怒，生气
参考例句：
  • He could not hide his irritation that he had not been invited.他无法掩饰因未被邀请而生的气恼。
  • Barbicane said nothing,but his silence covered serious irritation.巴比康什么也不说，但是他的沉默里潜伏着阴郁的怒火。
5 standing 2hCzgo     
n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的
参考例句：
  • After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
  • They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。
6 motorways cea752293681ec68d7eacd0affb0b963     
n.高速公路( motorway的名词复数 )
参考例句：
  • Most of Britain's motorways radiated from London. 英国的大多数公路从伦敦向四方延伸。 来自《简明英汉词典》
  • Cuba is well served by motorways. 古巴的高速公路四通八达。 来自辞典例句
7 immediate aapxh     
adj.立即的；直接的，最接近的；紧靠的
参考例句：
  • His immediate neighbours felt it their duty to call.他的近邻认为他们有责任去拜访。
  • We declared ourselves for the immediate convocation of the meeting.我们主张立即召开这个会议。
8 emission vjnz4     
n.发出物，散发物；发出，散发
参考例句：
  • Rigorous measures will be taken to reduce the total pollutant emission.采取严格有力措施，降低污染物排放总量。
  • Finally,the way to effectively control particulate emission is pointed out.最后，指出有效降低颗粒排放的方向。
9 minor e7fzR     
adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修
参考例句：
  • The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
  • I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。
10 frustration 4hTxj     
n.挫折，失败，失效，落空
参考例句：
  • He had to fight back tears of frustration.他不得不强忍住失意的泪水。
  • He beat his hands on the steering wheel in frustration.他沮丧地用手打了几下方向盘。
11 intersection w54xV     
n.交集，十字路口，交叉点；[计算机] 交集
参考例句：
  • There is a stop sign at an intersection.在交叉路口处有停车标志。
  • Bridges are used to avoid the intersection of a railway and a highway.桥用来避免铁路和公路直接交叉。
12 intersections c67ecd1980278dab3ff2b496feea84b2     
n.横断( intersection的名词复数 )；交叉；交叉点；交集
参考例句：
  • Traffic lights have been placed at all major intersections. 所有重要的交叉路口都安装了交通信号灯。
  • Intersections are of the greatest importance in highway design. 在道路设计中，交叉口占有最重要的地位。 来自辞典例句
13 toll LJpzo     
n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)
参考例句：
  • The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
  • The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。
14 tolls 688e46effdf049725c7b7ccff16b14f3     
（缓慢而有规律的）钟声( toll的名词复数 )； 通行费； 损耗； （战争、灾难等造成的）毁坏
参考例句：
  • A man collected tolls at the gateway. 一个人在大门口收通行费。
  • The long-distance call tolls amount to quite a sum. 长途电话费数目相当可观。
15 blessing UxDztJ     
n.祈神赐福；祷告；祝福，祝愿
参考例句：
  • The blessing was said in Hebrew.祷告用了希伯来语。
  • A double blessing has descended upon the house.双喜临门。
16 ward LhbwY     
n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开
参考例句：
  • The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
  • During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。
17 overpass pmVz3Z     
n.天桥，立交桥
参考例句：
  • I walked through an overpass over the road.我步行穿过那条公路上面的立交桥。
  • We should take the overpass when crossing the road.我们过马路应走天桥。
18 barricade NufzI     
n.路障，栅栏，障碍；vt.设路障挡住
参考例句：
  • The soldiers make a barricade across the road.士兵在路上设路障。
  • It is difficult to break through a steel barricade.冲破钢铁障碍很难。
19 bully bully     
n.恃强欺弱者，小流氓；vt.威胁，欺侮
参考例句：
  • A bully is always a coward.暴汉常是懦夫。
  • The boy gave the bully a pelt on the back with a pebble.那男孩用石子掷击小流氓的背脊。
20 jeopardize s3Qxd     
vt.危及，损害
参考例句：
  • Overworking can jeopardize your health.工作过量可能会危及你的健康。
  • If you are rude to the boss it may jeopardize your chances of success.如果你对上司无礼，那就可能断送你成功的机会。

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